促性腺激素释放激素及其类似物在母猪繁殖中应用的研究进展
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摘要
促性腺激素释放激素(gonadotropin-releasing hormone,GnRH))是下丘脑分泌的生殖激素,主要通过下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴参与调控动物的生殖活动,也可直接作用于性腺或其他器官发挥重要功能。哺乳动物的GnRH具有相同的十肽结构,通过改变十肽结构中第六、九、十位氨基酸可合成不同的GnRH类似物。GnRH及其类似物可通过刺激促黄体素(LH)分泌、抑制雌激素受体二聚化及调节胚胎附植期相关蛋白质的合成来影响动物的繁殖性能。GnRH及其类似物已被证明可提高猪的繁殖力。在母猪生产中,GnRH类似物的应用仍存在受胎次影响、促进排卵但不能增加产仔数等问题。文章主要从GnRH的来源与功能、GnRH及其类似物的结构、GnRH受体(GnRHR)的结构与功能、GnRH及其类似物对母猪繁殖性能的影响,以及存在的问题与展望五方面介绍了GnRH及其类似物在母猪繁殖中的应用研究进展。
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH)is a reproductive hormone secreted by the hypothalamus.It mainly participates in regulating the reproductive activities of animals through the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis,and can also directly play an important role in animal gonads or other organs.GnRH in mammals has the same ten peptide structure.Different GnRH ana-logues can be synthesized by changing the sixth,ninth and tenth amino acids in the ten peptide structure.GnRH and its analogues can affect animal reproductive performance by stimulating luteinizing hormone(LH)secretion,inhibiting estrogen receptor dimerization and regulating the synthesis of proteins associated with embryo implantation.GnRH and its analogues in production have been shown to increase the fertility of pigs.The application of GnRH analogues still has some problems,such as the significant effect of the second pregnancy,the promotion of ovulation but not the increase of litter size.This paper introduced the application of GnRH and its analogues in sow breeding from such aspects:The source and function of GnRH,the structure of GnRH and its analogues,the structure and function of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor,the effect of GnRH and its analogues on reproductive performance of swine,existing problems and prospects.
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH)is a reproductive hormone secreted by the hypothalamus.It mainly participates in regulating the reproductive activities of animals through the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis,and can also directly play an important role in animal gonads or other organs.GnRH in mammals has the same ten peptide structure.Different GnRH ana-logues can be synthesized by changing the sixth,ninth and tenth amino acids in the ten peptide structure.GnRH and its analogues can affect animal reproductive performance by stimulating luteinizing hormone(LH)secretion,inhibiting estrogen receptor dimerization and regulating the synthesis of proteins associated with embryo implantation.GnRH and its analogues in production have been shown to increase the fertility of pigs.The application of GnRH analogues still has some problems,such as the significant effect of the second pregnancy,the promotion of ovulation but not the increase of litter size.This paper introduced the application of GnRH and its analogues in sow breeding from such aspects:The source and function of GnRH,the structure of GnRH and its analogues,the structure and function of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor,the effect of GnRH and its analogues on reproductive performance of swine,existing problems and prospects.
引文
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[20]BESSER G M,MCNEILLY A S,ANDERSON D C,et al.Hormonal responses to synthetic luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone-releasing hormone in man[J].British Medical Journal,1972,3(5821):267-271.
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[22]ROCH G J,BUSBY E R,SHERWOOD N M.GnRHreceptors and peptides:Skating backward[J].General and Comparative Endocrinology,2014,209(2014):118-134.
[23]FLANAGAN C A,MANILALL A.Gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH)receptor structure and GnRH binding[J].Frontiers in Endocrinology,2017,10(8):274-288.
[24]ZANDAWALA M,TIAN S,ELPHICK M R.The evolution and nomenclature of GnRH-type and corazonin-type neuropeptide signaling systems[J].General and Comparative Endocrinology,2018,264:64-77.
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[26]THOMPSON I R,KAISER U B.GnRH pulse frequency-dependent differential regulation of LH and FSH gene expression[J].Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology,2014,385(1-2):28-35.
[27]PINCAS H,CHOI S G,WANG Q,et al.Outside the box signaling:Secreted factors modulate GnRH receptor-mediated gonadotropin regulation[J].Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology,2014,385(1-2):56-61.
[28]MIJIDDORJ T,KANASAKI H,SUKHBAATAR U,et al.Mutual regulation by GnRH and kisspeptin of their receptor expression and its impact on the gene expression of gonadotropin subunits[J].General and Comparative Endocrinology,2017,246:382-389.
[29]吴俊辉,曹丁壬,刘艳婷,等.家畜定时输精技术研究进展与应用现状[J].中国畜牧兽医,2016,43(7):1826-1833.WU J H,CAO D R,LIU Y T,et al.Research advances and application status of timed artificial insemination(TAI)in farm animals[J].China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2016,43(7):1826-1833.(in Chinese)
[30]姜德相,董桂红,王达荣.GnRH对提高母猪受胎率和产仔存活数作用的研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2005,32(6):28-29.JIANG D X,DONG G H,WANG D R.Effects of GnRH on improving the conception rate of sows and the number of litter size[J].China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2005,32(6):28-29.(in Chinese)
[31]GEISRET R D,ROSS J W,ASHWORTH M D,et al.Maternal recognition of pregnancy signal or endocrine disruptor:The two faces of oestrogen during establishment of pregnancy in the pig[J].Society of Reproduction and Fertility Supplement,2006,62(6):131-145.
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[34]ZILBERBERG E,HAAS J,DAR S,et al.Co-administraation of GnRH-agonist and hCG,for final oocyte maturation(double trigger),in patients with low proportion of mature oocytes[J].Gynecological Endocrinology,2015,31(2):145-147.
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[2]KNOX R V,ESPARZA-HARRIS K C,JOHNSTON M E,et al.Effect of numbers of sperm and timing of a single,post-cervical insemination on the fertility of weaned sows treated with OvuGel?[J].Theriogenology,2017,92(33):197-203.
[3]DE JONG E,KAUFFOLD J,ENGL S,et al.Effect of a GnRH analogue(Maprelin)on the reproductive performance of gilts and sows[J].Theriogenology,2013,80(8):870-877.
[4]刘斌,刘通,郑鹏.利用激素处理提高大日龄不发情后备母猪的繁殖能力[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2017,2:75-77.LIU B,LIU T,ZHEN P.Using hormone treatment to improve the reproductive capacity of non-estrus gilts[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,2017,2:75-77.(in Chinese)
[5]DE JONG E,JOURQUIN J,KAUFFOLD J,et al.Effect of a GnRH analogue(Peforelin)on the litter performance of gilts and sows[J].Porcine Health Management,2017,3(1):54-60.
[6]MOORE JR J P,WRAY S.Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone(LHRH)biosynthesis and secretion in embryonic LHRH neurons[J].Endocrinology,2000,141(12):4486-4495.
[7]KIRKWOOD R N,LAPWOOD K R,SMITH W C,et al.Plasma concentrations of LH,prolactin,oestradiol-17βand progesterone in sows weaned after lactation for 10or 35days[J].Journal of Reproduction and Fertility,1984,70(1):95-102.
[8]SKINNER D C,ALBERTSON A J,NAVRATIL A,et al.Effects of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone outside the hypothalamic-pituitary-reproductive axis[J].Journal of Neuroendocrinology,2009,21(4):282-292.
[9]YE R S,XI Q Y,QI Q,et al.Differentially expressed miRNAs after GnRH treatment and their potential roles in FSH regulation in porcine anterior pituitary cell[J].PLoS One,2013,8(2):e57156.
[10]丁赫,宫永胜,王军,等.初情期启动过程中小尾寒羊下丘脑GnRH基因甲基化状态及表达量关系研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2018,54(5):58-61.DING H,GONG Y S,WANG J,et al.Relationship between methylation status and expression of GnRHgene in Small Tail Han sheep during onset of puberty[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2018,54(5):58-61.(in Chinese)
[11]KOVACS M,SCHALLY A V,NAGY A,et al.Recovery of pituitary function after treatment with a targeted cytotoxic analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,1997,94(4):1420-1425.
[12]KAYA D,GRAM A,KOWALEWSKI M P,et al.Expression of GnRH receptor in the canine corpus luteum,and luteal function following deslorelin acetate-induced puberty delay[J].Reproduction in Domestic Animals,2017,52(6):1104-1112.
[13]MAGGI R,CARIBONI A M,MARELLI M M,et al.GnRH and GnRH receptors in the pathophysiology of the human female reproductive system[J].Human Reproduction Upadte,2016,22(3):358-381.
[14]AMOSS M,BURGUS R,BLACKWELL R,et al.Purification,amino acid composition and N-terminus of the hypothalamic luteinizing hormone releasing factor(LRF)of ovine origin[J].Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications,1971,44(1):205-210.
[15]BABA Y,MATSUO H,SCHALLY A V.Structure of the porcine LH-and FSH-releasing hormone.Ⅱ.Confirmation of the proposed structure by conventional sequential analyses[J].Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications,1971,44(2):459-463.
[16]金元昌,方万,李景鹏.促性腺激素释放激素的研究进展[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2003,3:44-45.JIN Y C,FANG W,LI J P.Progress on gonadotropinreleasing hormone[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,2003,3:44-45.(in Chinese)
[17]曹静,陈耀星,王子旭,等.促性腺激素释放激素的研究进展[J].中国畜牧兽医,2007,34(5):48-51.CAO J,CHEN Y X,WANG Z X,et al.Progress on gonadotropin-releasing hormone[J].China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2007,34(5):48-51.(in Chinese)
[18]林浩然.促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)结构与功能及其受体的进化发展[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版),2004,43(6):1-5.LIN H R.Evolutiongry aspects of the structure and functions of gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH)and its receptors[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitate Sunyatseni,2004,43(6):1-5.(in Chinese)
[19]THOMAS E J,JENKINS J,LENTON E A,et al.Endocrine effects of goserelin,a new depot luteinising hormone releasing hormone agonist[J].British Medical Journal(Clinical Research Edition.),1986,293(6559):1407-1408.
[20]BESSER G M,MCNEILLY A S,ANDERSON D C,et al.Hormonal responses to synthetic luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone-releasing hormone in man[J].British Medical Journal,1972,3(5821):267-271.
[21]王一涵,田秀娥,江中良,等.GnRH及其类似物在动物繁殖中的应用概述[J].中国畜牧杂志,2013,49(3):89-92.WANG Y H,TIAN X E,JIANG Z L,et al.Application of GnRH and its analogues to animal reproduction[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2013,49(3):89-92.(in Chinese)
[22]ROCH G J,BUSBY E R,SHERWOOD N M.GnRHreceptors and peptides:Skating backward[J].General and Comparative Endocrinology,2014,209(2014):118-134.
[23]FLANAGAN C A,MANILALL A.Gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH)receptor structure and GnRH binding[J].Frontiers in Endocrinology,2017,10(8):274-288.
[24]ZANDAWALA M,TIAN S,ELPHICK M R.The evolution and nomenclature of GnRH-type and corazonin-type neuropeptide signaling systems[J].General and Comparative Endocrinology,2018,264:64-77.
[25]吕慎金,刘兆斌.促性腺激素释放激素(GnRHs)及其Ⅰ型受体在哺乳动物中的研究进展[J].中国农业大学学报,2013,18(4):147-154.LYU S J,LIU Z B.Research development of gonadotropin releasing hormone(GnRHs)and its receptorⅠin the mammals[J].Journal of China Agricultural University,2013,18(4):147-154.(in Chinese)
[26]THOMPSON I R,KAISER U B.GnRH pulse frequency-dependent differential regulation of LH and FSH gene expression[J].Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology,2014,385(1-2):28-35.
[27]PINCAS H,CHOI S G,WANG Q,et al.Outside the box signaling:Secreted factors modulate GnRH receptor-mediated gonadotropin regulation[J].Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology,2014,385(1-2):56-61.
[28]MIJIDDORJ T,KANASAKI H,SUKHBAATAR U,et al.Mutual regulation by GnRH and kisspeptin of their receptor expression and its impact on the gene expression of gonadotropin subunits[J].General and Comparative Endocrinology,2017,246:382-389.
[29]吴俊辉,曹丁壬,刘艳婷,等.家畜定时输精技术研究进展与应用现状[J].中国畜牧兽医,2016,43(7):1826-1833.WU J H,CAO D R,LIU Y T,et al.Research advances and application status of timed artificial insemination(TAI)in farm animals[J].China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2016,43(7):1826-1833.(in Chinese)
[30]姜德相,董桂红,王达荣.GnRH对提高母猪受胎率和产仔存活数作用的研究[J].中国畜牧兽医,2005,32(6):28-29.JIANG D X,DONG G H,WANG D R.Effects of GnRH on improving the conception rate of sows and the number of litter size[J].China Animal Husbandry&Veterinary Medicine,2005,32(6):28-29.(in Chinese)
[31]GEISRET R D,ROSS J W,ASHWORTH M D,et al.Maternal recognition of pregnancy signal or endocrine disruptor:The two faces of oestrogen during establishment of pregnancy in the pig[J].Society of Reproduction and Fertility Supplement,2006,62(6):131-145.
[32]吴宝云,李贺,张衡,等.不同定时输精程序对后备母猪繁殖性能的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2018,54(7):55-58.WU B Y,LI H,ZHANG H,et al.Effects of different fixed-time artificial insemination programs on the reproductive performance of gilts[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Science,2018,54(7):55-58.(in Chinese)
[33]CASPER R F.Basic understanding of gonadotropinreleasing hormone-agonist triggering[J].Fertility and Sterility,2015,103(4):867-869.
[34]ZILBERBERG E,HAAS J,DAR S,et al.Co-administraation of GnRH-agonist and hCG,for final oocyte maturation(double trigger),in patients with low proportion of mature oocytes[J].Gynecological Endocrinology,2015,31(2):145-147.
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