高铁改造引发的大都市圈效应对县域经济的影响
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摘要
高铁大规模的发展带来前所未有的时间与空间上的收缩,形成"收缩的大陆",提高了劳动力等经济要素的流动速度,提出对区域经济增长影响程度不均衡的问题。关注于2004年和2007年两轮高铁改造的大都市圈效应对县域经济的影响,采用DID(difference in difference)估计方法,实证检验高铁改造是否对县域经济的发展带来显著的负面影响。结果表明:高铁改造的大都市圈溢出效应受益最多的是城市地区。尽管高铁的发展对促进地区经济增长起着积极作用,但也在一定程度上加剧了城乡差距。
The expansion of Chinese high-speed rail( CHR) has led to time-space effects in its unprecedented scale,forming "the shrinking continent",improving flow velocity of the economic factors such as labor. However,such a scale raises questions about its implications for regional economic equality. This study concerned about the economic impact of high-speed rail upgrade in China between 2004 and 2007 on county-level GDP and investment in the fixed assets,and discuss its significance and magnitude. Using the estimation method of DID( difference in difference),the paper tested whether the upgrade of high-speed trains had brought a significant impact on countylevel economic development. The study shows that these impacts affect urban and rural regions differently. In particular,the spillover effect or the agglomeration effect contributes the most and favors more urbanized regions. As a consequence,although CHR plays a positive role in stimulating the regional economy,it may further widen the gap between urban and rural regions. From the analysis,it is concluded that CHR projects need more comprehensive studies of the full spectrum of its impact to ensure both economic growth and regional balance and coordination.
The expansion of Chinese high-speed rail( CHR) has led to time-space effects in its unprecedented scale,forming "the shrinking continent",improving flow velocity of the economic factors such as labor. However,such a scale raises questions about its implications for regional economic equality. This study concerned about the economic impact of high-speed rail upgrade in China between 2004 and 2007 on county-level GDP and investment in the fixed assets,and discuss its significance and magnitude. Using the estimation method of DID( difference in difference),the paper tested whether the upgrade of high-speed trains had brought a significant impact on countylevel economic development. The study shows that these impacts affect urban and rural regions differently. In particular,the spillover effect or the agglomeration effect contributes the most and favors more urbanized regions. As a consequence,although CHR plays a positive role in stimulating the regional economy,it may further widen the gap between urban and rural regions. From the analysis,it is concluded that CHR projects need more comprehensive studies of the full spectrum of its impact to ensure both economic growth and regional balance and coordination.
引文
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[2] SCHADE W. Assessing Economic Impacts of Large-scale Transport Infrastructure Projects:Case of Lyon-Turin Corridor[J]. Transportation Research Record,2006,1960(1):142-151.
[3] MONZóN A,ORTEGA E,LóPEZ E. Efficiency and Spatial Equity Impacts of High-speed Rail Extensions in Urban Area[J]. Cities,2013,30:18-30.
[4] JENKINS J,COLELLA M,SALVUCCI F. Agglomeration Benefits and Transportation Projects Review of Theory,Measurement,and Application[J]. Transportation Research Record,2011,2221(1):104-111.
[5] CHEN C L,HALL P. The Impacts of High-speed Trains on British Economic Geography:A Study of the UK’s Inter City 125/225 and Its Effects[J]. Journal of Transport Geography,2011,19(4):689-704.
[6] MURAKAMI J,CERVERO R. High-speed Rail and Economic Development:Business Agglomeration and Policy Implication[D]. Berkeley:University of California Transporttation Center,2012.
[7]覃成林,种照辉.高速铁路发展与铁路沿线城市经济集聚[J].经济问题探索,2014(5):163-169.
[8]王雨飞,倪鹏飞.高速铁路影响下的经济增长溢出与区域空间优化[J].中国工业经济,2016(2):21-36.
[9] QIN Y.“No County Left behind?”The Distributional Impact of High-speed Rail Upgrade in China[J]. Journal of Economic Geography,2017,17(3):489-520.
[10]文嫮,韩旭.高铁对中国城市可达性和区域经济空间格局的影响[J].人文地理,2017,32(1):99-108.
[11]王垚,年猛.高速铁路带动了区域经济发展吗?[J].上海经济研究,2014(2):82-91.
[12]钟少颖,郭叶波.中国高速铁路建设对城市通达性影响分析[J].地域研究与开发,2018,32(4):46-51.
[13]王春杨,任晓红,李玉华.高铁联网背景下中国中心城市可达性与联动格局[J].地域研究与开发,2018,37(8):54-60.
[14] GEURS K T,VAN WEE B. Accessibility Evaluation of Land-use and Transport Strategies:Review and Research Directions[J]. Journal of Transport Geography,2004,12(2):127-140.