选区激光熔化制备镁基材料研究进展
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摘要
镁基材料由于其较低的密度而主要用于开发轻质结构;同时,镁合金还具有优良的生物相容性,因此也用作骨替代植入物的生物可降解吸收材料。这些优势使得镁基材料在汽车、航空航天和生物医学领域的应用越来越广泛。而选区激光熔化(Selective laser melting,SLM)作为主要的增材制造技术之一,能够制造传统加工方法难以加工的个性化定制、结构复杂的金属部件。同时,随着各大巨头公司广泛涉足SLM加工领域,逐步开发SLM技术优势,相信该技术很快就会打开市场。因此,采用SLM技术制备镁基材料几乎势在必行。本文回顾了镁及镁基复合材料SLM的最新进展,详细讨论了SLM工艺参数和粉末性能对镁基材料成型质量、致密化以及力学性能的影响,总结了主要研究结果并指出了未来SLM方法制备镁基材料的方向和面临的挑战。
Magnesium-based materials are mainly used for the development of lightweight structures due to their lower density. At the same time, magnesium alloys also have excellent biocompatibility and are therefore also used as biodegradable absorbent materials for bone replacement implants. These advantages make magnesium-based materials more and more widely used in the automotive, aerospace and biomedical fields. Selective laser melting(SLM), as one of the major additive manufacturing technologies, enables the manufacture of individually customized, structurally complex metal parts that are difficult to process in conventional processing methods. At the same time, as the major giants are widely involved in SLM processing and develop SLM technology, it is believed that they will soon open up the market. Therefore, the preparation of magnesium-based materials using SLM technology is almost imperative. This paper reviews the latest developments of magnesium and magnesium-based composite materials SLM, and discusses in detail the effects of SLM process parameters and powder properties on the molding quality, densification and mechanical properties of magnesium-based materials, summarizes the main research results and points out the direction and challenges for preparation of magnesium-based materials by SLM methods.
Magnesium-based materials are mainly used for the development of lightweight structures due to their lower density. At the same time, magnesium alloys also have excellent biocompatibility and are therefore also used as biodegradable absorbent materials for bone replacement implants. These advantages make magnesium-based materials more and more widely used in the automotive, aerospace and biomedical fields. Selective laser melting(SLM), as one of the major additive manufacturing technologies, enables the manufacture of individually customized, structurally complex metal parts that are difficult to process in conventional processing methods. At the same time, as the major giants are widely involved in SLM processing and develop SLM technology, it is believed that they will soon open up the market. Therefore, the preparation of magnesium-based materials using SLM technology is almost imperative. This paper reviews the latest developments of magnesium and magnesium-based composite materials SLM, and discusses in detail the effects of SLM process parameters and powder properties on the molding quality, densification and mechanical properties of magnesium-based materials, summarizes the main research results and points out the direction and challenges for preparation of magnesium-based materials by SLM methods.
引文
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2 屈伟平,高崧.金属世界,2011(2),27.
3 周德钦,王贵福,王国军.机械工程师,2006(1),25.
4 姚素娟,张英,褚丙武,等.世界有色金属,2005(1),26.
5 黄琴,梁惠,杜凤沛.微量元素与健康研究,2005,22(2),61.
6 Li Z J,Gu X N,Lou S Q,et al.Materials within Bone Biomaterials,2008,29(10),1329.
7 王雅先.新技术新工艺,2012(10),47.
8 冯涛.机电产品开发与创新,2005,18(5),155.
9 祁萌,李晓红,胡晓睿,等.国防制造技术,2013(5),12.
10 Riza S H,Masood S H,Wen C.Comprehensive Materials Processing,2014(10),285.
11 关凯.不锈钢零件的选择性激光熔化成型规律及微观形貌研究.硕士学位论文,华中科技大学,2009.
12 李俊峰,魏正英,卢秉恒.激光与光电子学进展,2018(1),29.
13 杨永强,刘洋,宋长辉.机电工程技术,2013(4),1.
14 Wang X,Gong X,Chou K.In:ASME 2015 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference.Charlotte,North Carolina,2015.
15 杨恬恬,闫岸如,王燕灵,等.应用激光,2016,36(1),1.
16 Sercombe T B,Li X.Materials & Processing Report,2016,31(2),77.
17 Kruth J P,Mercelis P,Vaerenbergh J V,et al.Rapid Prototyping Journal,2005,11(1),26.
18 Kruth J P,Levy G,Klocke F,et al.CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology,2007,56(2),730.
19 Aboulkhair N T,Everitt N M,Ashcroft I,et al.Additive Manufacturing,2014,1,77.
20 付立定.不锈钢粉末选择性激光熔化直接制造金属零件研究.硕士学位论文,华中科技大学,2008.
21 Attar H,Prashanth K G,Zhang L C,et al.Journal of Materials Science & Technology,2015,31(10),1001.
22 刘淑艳,唐逾,陈德茂.功能材料,2007,38(1),20.
23 Hu D,Wang Y,Zhang D,et al.Advanced Manufacturing Processes,2015,30(11),1298.
24 Kumar S.Comprehensive Materials Processing,2014,26(3),93.
25 Olakanmi E O,Dalgarno K W,Cochrane R F.Rapid Prototyping Journal,2012,18(2),109.
26 Levy G,Herres N,Spierings A B,et al.Rapid Prototyping Journal,2011,17(3),195.
27 Fischer P,Romano V,Weber H P,et al.Acta Materialia,2003,51(6),1651.
28 Cao X,Jahazi M,Immarigeon J P,et al.Journal of Materials Processing Tech,2006,171(2),188.
29 Tolochko N K,Khlopkov Y V,Mozzharov S E,et al.Rapid Prototyping Journal,2000,6(3),155.
30 Zhang B,Liao H,Coddet C.Materials & Design,2012,34(34),753.
31 尹华.金属粉末选区激光熔化成形工艺研究.硕士学位论文,中北大学,2010.
32 Famodimu O H ,Stanford M ,Oduoza C F ,et al.Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering,2018,13(4),520.
33 Attar H,Calin M,Zhang L C,et al.Materials Science & Engineering A,2014,593(2),170.
34 Zhang L C,Klemm D,Eckert J,et al.Scripta Materialia,2011,65(1),21.
35 Krishna B V,Bose S,Bandyopadhyay A.Acta Biomaterialia,2007,3(6),997.
36 Taltavull C,Torres B,López A J,et al.Materials Letters,2012,85(15),98.
37 Wei K,Gao M,Wang Z,et al.Materials Science & Engineering A,2014,611,212.
38 Wei K,Wang Z,Zeng X.Materials Letters,2015,156(18),187.
39 Savalani M M,Pizarro J M.Rapid Prototyping Journal,2016,22(1),115.