基于政策过程的智库影响力作用机制研究
|
摘要
智库的目标是影响政策过程和引领公众舆论,最终服务科学民主依法决策,其实质是"基于政策过程对决策者和利益相关者产生知识扩散效果"。文章以政策过程理论为指导,在剖析智库功能特征的基础上,构建了智库参与政策过程的影响力模型;在政策过程分析理论基础上提出了议题提出、形成建议、政策制定、政策实施和政策评估五个政策阶段,建立了智库参与不同政策过程的影响力分析框架,系统分析了不同阶段的智库影响力作用机制。
The objectives of think tanks are to affect the policy making and to guide the public opinion. Ultimately they serve the scientific,democratic and lawful process of policy making,and essentially they are the knowledge diffusion effect for policy makers and interest groups,based on the policy making process. Directed by the policy process theory,and based on the analysis on the characteristics of think tanks' functions,this paper constructs the influence model for think tanks attending the policy processes. Applying the analysis theory for the policy process,we propose five policy processes,i. e. issue proposing,proposal forming,policy making,policy executing and policy evaluating. We build the analytic framework for the think tanks' influence,and theoretically study their influence mechanisms in each different policy process.
The objectives of think tanks are to affect the policy making and to guide the public opinion. Ultimately they serve the scientific,democratic and lawful process of policy making,and essentially they are the knowledge diffusion effect for policy makers and interest groups,based on the policy making process. Directed by the policy process theory,and based on the analysis on the characteristics of think tanks' functions,this paper constructs the influence model for think tanks attending the policy processes. Applying the analysis theory for the policy process,we propose five policy processes,i. e. issue proposing,proposal forming,policy making,policy executing and policy evaluating. We build the analytic framework for the think tanks' influence,and theoretically study their influence mechanisms in each different policy process.
引文
[1]DICKSON P. Think tanks[M].New York:Atheneum,1972.
[2]中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发《关于加强中国特色新型智库建设的意见》[EB/OL]http://politics. people. com. cn/GB/n/2015/0120/c1001-26419175. html.
[3]沙璐. 25机构入选首批国家高端智库建设试点单位[N].新京报,2015-12-04.
[4]MCGANN J G. The think tanks and civil societies program at the international relations program[R]. University of Pennsylvania,2015.
[5]上海社会科学院智库研究中心.2016中国智库报告——影响力排名与政策建议[R].2017.
[6]四川省社会科学院与中国科学院成都文献情报中心.中华智库影响力报告2016[R].2016.
[7]中国社会科学院中国社会科学评价中心.全球智库评价报告[R].2015.
[8]栾瑞英,初景利. 4种智库影响力评价指标体系评介与比较[J].图书情报工作,2017,61(22):27-35.
[9]张日新,杨松青,李韵婷.高校智库异质性和影响力评价研究——基于58家高校人文社科智库数据的检验[J].情报杂志,2018,37(3):200-207.
[10]李永先,吕诚诚.基于利益相关者理论的智库舆论影响力研究[J].情报资料工作,2018(1):39-44.
[11]王晰巍,王楠阿雪,李师萌,张柳.新媒体环境下新型智库信息传播影响力案例研究[J].图书馆学研究,2017(18):45-50.
[12]相德宝,张文正.新媒体时代全球智库社交网络影响力探析[J].国际展望,2018(1):129-154.
[13]陈媛媛.智库学术影响力评价研究[J].图书馆论坛,2017(12):54-60.
[14]LASSWELL H D. The decision process:seven categories of functional analysis[M].Maryland:University of Maryland,1956.
[15]HOWLETT M,RAMESH M. Studying public policy:policy cycles and policy subsystems[M]. Oxford:Oxford University Press,1995.
[16]JONES C O. An Introduction to the study of public policy(3rd edition)[M].Pacific Grove:Brooks/Cole Pub Co,1984.
[17]ANDERSON J E. Public policymaking(8th edition)[M].Stamford:Cengage Learning,2014.
[18]ZAHARIADIS N. Ambiguity and choice in public policy:political decision making in modern democracies[M].Washington,D. C.:Georgetown University Press,2003.
[19]KINGDON J W. Agendas,alternatives,and public policies[M].Boston,MA:Little,Brown,1984.
[20]RIPLEY R B. Policy analysis in political science[M].Chicago:Nelson-Hall 1985.
[21]LARRY N G.公共政策的制定——程序和原理[M].朱子文,译.重庆:重庆出版社,2001.
[22]EASTON D. A systems analysis of political life[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1979.
[23]中共高层力促改革开放新成果可复制可推广[J/OL](2014-03-06). http://news. xinhuanet. com/2014-03/06/c_119647139.htm.
[24]易运文,杨连成,吴春燕,马跃华.为改革开放继续探路——写在深圳、珠海、汕头、厦门经济特区成立30周年之际[N].光明日报,2010-09-06.
[25]RICH A. Think tanks,public policy,and the politics of expertise[M].New York:Cambridge University Press,2004.
[26]ROGERS E M.创新的扩散[M].辛欣,郑颖,译.北京:中央编译出版社,2002.
[27]RABIN R L,SUGARMAN S D. Smoking policy:law,politics,and culture[M].New York:Oxford University Press,1993.
[2]中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发《关于加强中国特色新型智库建设的意见》[EB/OL]http://politics. people. com. cn/GB/n/2015/0120/c1001-26419175. html.
[3]沙璐. 25机构入选首批国家高端智库建设试点单位[N].新京报,2015-12-04.
[4]MCGANN J G. The think tanks and civil societies program at the international relations program[R]. University of Pennsylvania,2015.
[5]上海社会科学院智库研究中心.2016中国智库报告——影响力排名与政策建议[R].2017.
[6]四川省社会科学院与中国科学院成都文献情报中心.中华智库影响力报告2016[R].2016.
[7]中国社会科学院中国社会科学评价中心.全球智库评价报告[R].2015.
[8]栾瑞英,初景利. 4种智库影响力评价指标体系评介与比较[J].图书情报工作,2017,61(22):27-35.
[9]张日新,杨松青,李韵婷.高校智库异质性和影响力评价研究——基于58家高校人文社科智库数据的检验[J].情报杂志,2018,37(3):200-207.
[10]李永先,吕诚诚.基于利益相关者理论的智库舆论影响力研究[J].情报资料工作,2018(1):39-44.
[11]王晰巍,王楠阿雪,李师萌,张柳.新媒体环境下新型智库信息传播影响力案例研究[J].图书馆学研究,2017(18):45-50.
[12]相德宝,张文正.新媒体时代全球智库社交网络影响力探析[J].国际展望,2018(1):129-154.
[13]陈媛媛.智库学术影响力评价研究[J].图书馆论坛,2017(12):54-60.
[14]LASSWELL H D. The decision process:seven categories of functional analysis[M].Maryland:University of Maryland,1956.
[15]HOWLETT M,RAMESH M. Studying public policy:policy cycles and policy subsystems[M]. Oxford:Oxford University Press,1995.
[16]JONES C O. An Introduction to the study of public policy(3rd edition)[M].Pacific Grove:Brooks/Cole Pub Co,1984.
[17]ANDERSON J E. Public policymaking(8th edition)[M].Stamford:Cengage Learning,2014.
[18]ZAHARIADIS N. Ambiguity and choice in public policy:political decision making in modern democracies[M].Washington,D. C.:Georgetown University Press,2003.
[19]KINGDON J W. Agendas,alternatives,and public policies[M].Boston,MA:Little,Brown,1984.
[20]RIPLEY R B. Policy analysis in political science[M].Chicago:Nelson-Hall 1985.
[21]LARRY N G.公共政策的制定——程序和原理[M].朱子文,译.重庆:重庆出版社,2001.
[22]EASTON D. A systems analysis of political life[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1979.
[23]中共高层力促改革开放新成果可复制可推广[J/OL](2014-03-06). http://news. xinhuanet. com/2014-03/06/c_119647139.htm.
[24]易运文,杨连成,吴春燕,马跃华.为改革开放继续探路——写在深圳、珠海、汕头、厦门经济特区成立30周年之际[N].光明日报,2010-09-06.
[25]RICH A. Think tanks,public policy,and the politics of expertise[M].New York:Cambridge University Press,2004.
[26]ROGERS E M.创新的扩散[M].辛欣,郑颖,译.北京:中央编译出版社,2002.
[27]RABIN R L,SUGARMAN S D. Smoking policy:law,politics,and culture[M].New York:Oxford University Press,1993.