岩溶区地下溶洞综合物探探测试验研究——以福建省永安大湖盆地为例
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摘要
基于隐伏岩溶区地下溶洞的发育特征对城市开发建设的影响,利用综合物探方法开展灰岩区地下溶洞探测试验研究,获得地下溶洞探测物探方法的有效性具有重要的理论意义和应用价值.通过对包括福建永安大湖盆地内两处岩溶国家地下水监测井钻孔旁在内的三条综合物探剖面选用电测深法、高密度电法和微动探测法进行试验,并与钻孔资料进行对比分析、总结各种方法的岩溶物性特征,为探测地下溶洞提供物理依据.试验结果表明:区内地下溶洞在电测深和高密度电法勘探结果上主要表现为低阻异常,在微动探测成果上表现为S波速度低速异常;视S波速度为300～850 m/s及视电阻率小于100Ω·m的半圈闭低阻异常,可作为研究区判断地下溶洞的地球物理依据.上述三种地面物探方法探测地下溶洞的有效性依次是:电测深法<高密度电法<微动探测法.对隐伏岩溶大范围进行地面探测时应结合测区的实际条件(如地质构造、地下水、溶洞充填物等情况)选用综合物探方法,并进行对比映证,从而揭示研究区的隐伏溶洞的分布发育规律,以此来指导岩溶区工程勘察,为钻探孔布置提供地球物理依据,减少钻探工程量和缩短探测周期.
Based on the importance of karst development location and development degree, and the construction of modern cities, it has theoretical and practical values to acquire the effect of detecting underground karst caves with comprehensive geophysical exploration experiment in karst area. This study uses comprehensive geophysical exploration to detect the underground karst caves, and obtains the effective method of geophysical exploration in detecting underground karst caves. There are two karst groundwater monitoring wells and a profile of comprehensive geophysical exploration in the Yongan Dahu basin of Fujian province. Electrode sounding, high-density resistivity and microtremor are used in the well drilling cores and profile, to get the characteristic of each geophysical exploration with the formations of drilling cores(including lithologic character,stratum,hydrogeological character and engineering geological character), for detecting underground karst caves. The results show under karst caves are low resistivity abnormal bodies by electrode sounding, high-density resistivity, and low velocity abnormal S wave by microtremor. S wave velocity with 300～850 m/s and low resistivity abnormal bodies with apparent resistivity less than 100 Ω·m could be used in detecting underground karst caves in the study area. The availability of the above methods in the study area is as follow: electrode sounding
Based on the importance of karst development location and development degree, and the construction of modern cities, it has theoretical and practical values to acquire the effect of detecting underground karst caves with comprehensive geophysical exploration experiment in karst area. This study uses comprehensive geophysical exploration to detect the underground karst caves, and obtains the effective method of geophysical exploration in detecting underground karst caves. There are two karst groundwater monitoring wells and a profile of comprehensive geophysical exploration in the Yongan Dahu basin of Fujian province. Electrode sounding, high-density resistivity and microtremor are used in the well drilling cores and profile, to get the characteristic of each geophysical exploration with the formations of drilling cores(including lithologic character,stratum,hydrogeological character and engineering geological character), for detecting underground karst caves. The results show under karst caves are low resistivity abnormal bodies by electrode sounding, high-density resistivity, and low velocity abnormal S wave by microtremor. S wave velocity with 300～850 m/s and low resistivity abnormal bodies with apparent resistivity less than 100 Ω·m could be used in detecting underground karst caves in the study area. The availability of the above methods in the study area is as follow: electrode sounding
引文
Aki K.1957.Space and time spectra of stationary stochastic waves,with special reference tomicrotremors[J].Bull.Earthq.Res.Inst.,35(2):415- 456.
Al-fares W,Bakalowicz M,Guerin R,et al.2002.Analysis of the karst aquifer structure of the Lamalou area(Hérault,France) with ground penetrating radar[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,51(2- 4):97-106.
Chi Yongxiang,Li run,Chen Zhihua.2011.On the formation age and developing process of Yong’an stone forest[J].Journal of Fuzhou University (Natural Science Edition) (in Chinese),39(1):152-156.
Ge Shuangcheng,Shao Changyun.2005.Technique and application of GPR in karst prospecting[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),20(2):476- 481,doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2005.02.042.
Hiroshi A,Kohji T.2004.S-wave velocity profiling by inversion of microtremor H/V spectrum[J].Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.,94(1):53- 63.
Huang Guangming,Li Changan,Zhao Juxing.2018.Development process of layered karst caves and its implication of engineering geology,Wanshouyan,Fujian Province[J].Quaternary Sciences (in Chinese),38(2):521-528,doi:10.11928 /j.issn.1001-7410.2018.02.22.
Huang Guangming,Xu Peifen,Li Chang’an,et al.2019.Application of 2D microtremor section survey method in covered karst area,taking Yongan Dahu Basin,Fujian Province as example[J].Journal of China Coal Society (in Chinese),44(2):536-544,doi:10.13225 /j.cnki.jccs.2019.0053.
Huang Quanzhen.1998.Directions on geological map at scale of 1：500000 of Fujian Province[M].Fuzhou:Fujian Provincial Map Publishing House (in Chinese):90-93.
Huang Yu-ming,Zhang Xiao-feng,Xie Shang-ping,et al.2017.Application of integrated geophysical method to Karst cave exploration of metro engineering in Nanning[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),32(3):352-1359,doi:10.6038/pg20170354.
Ling Suqun.1994.Rseach on the estimation of phase velocities of surface waves in microtremors[D].(in Japanese).Hokkaido University.
Liu Bing,Li Shuguang.2008.Application of Multi-Electrodes Electrical method to Karst exploration of one highway in Yunnan[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics (in Chinese),5(5):543-547.
Luo Xiaojie.2013.Development characteristics of shallow karst and prevention and control of karst collapse in wuhan[J].Karst in China (in Chinese),32(4):419- 432.
McGrath R,Styles P,Thomas E,et al.2002.Integrated high-resolution geophysical investigations as potential tools for water resource investigations in karst terrain[J].Environmental Geology,42(5):552-557.
Okada H.2003.The microtremor survey method (translated by KoyaSuto):geophysical monograph series[M].Society of Exploration Geophysicists,12:1-135.
Okada H.2006.Theory of efficient array observations of microtremors with special reference to the SPAC method[J].Exploration Geophysicists,37(1):73-85.
Satoh T,Kawase H,Iwata T,et al.2001.S-wave velocity structure of the Taichung Basin,Taiwan,estimated from array and single-station records of microtremor sm[J].Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am,91(5):1267-1282.
Scherbaum F,Hinzen K G,Ohrnberger M.2003.Determination of shallow shear wave velocity profiles in the Cologne,Germany area using ambient vibrations[J].Geophys.J.Int.,152(2):597- 612.
Shapiro N M,Campillo M,Stehly L,et al.2005.High-resolution surface-wave tomography from Ambient seismic noise[J].Science,307:1615-1618.
Shang Yaojun,He Yaojing,Huang Zilong.2013.The application of Cross-hole Super-high density resistivity methodCT to Karst carve exploration[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics (in Chinese),10(4):545-551.
Wang Xueyu.1997.Study on sedimentology of the formation of lepien stone forest in yongan,fujian[J].Acta Geography Sinica (in Chinese),52(2):138-145.
Wang Zhongmei.2017.Characteristics of the distribution of carbonate rocks and their control on karst groundwater in Guizhou[J].Geology and Exploration (in Chinese),53(2):342-349.
Xu Peifen,Ling Suqun,Li Chuanjin,et al.2012.Mapping deeply-buried geothermal faults using microtremor array analysis[J].Geophys.J.Inc.,188(1):115-122.
Xu Peifen,Li Shihao,Du Jianguo,et al.2013.Microtremor survey method:A new geophysical method for dividing strata and detecting the buried fault structures[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica (in Chinese),29(5):1841-1845.
Yin Hongfu,Wu Shunbao,Du Yuansheng,et al.1999.South China defined as part ofTethyan archipelagic ocean system[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences (in Chinese),24(1):1-12.
Zhang Feiliang,Su Zhongke.2017.Application of integrated geophysical prospecting technology in Karst[J].Exploration of urban rail transit (in Chinese),5:82-96.
Zhang Jie,Bao Haosheng,Li Chunhua.1994.Modern biokarst erosion of stone forest landforms in yongan,Fujian[J].Mountain research (in Chinese),12(3):136-140.
Zhao Lianfeng,Zhu Jieshou,Yan Zhongqiong,et al.2002.A test of tomography in the cavern survey:imaging effect analysis[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration (in Chinese),24(4):332-336.
Zheng Yanfeng,Zhu Tong,Zhao Xiaoliang,et al.2017.Application of audio magnetotelluric and shallow seismic methods in tunnel geological exploration[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),32(3):1417-1422,doi:10.6038/pg20170363.
Zheng Zhijie,Zhang Wei,Zeng Jie,et al.2017.Application research of integrated geophysical methods to Karst seepage investigation in carbonaceous limestone reservoir area[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),32(5):2268-2273,doi:10.6038/pg20170558.
Zhao Juxing.2018.Contents of urban geological investigation in Sanming,Fujian Province—Also about the focuses of urban geological survey in hilly city[J].Resources Environment & Engineering (in Chinese),32(3):403- 407.
池永翔,李润,陈植华.2011.基于测年法的永安石林形成年代及发育演化过程研究[J].福州大学学报(自然科学版),39(1):152-156.
葛双成,邵长云.2005.岩溶勘察中的探地雷达技术及应用[J].地球物理学进展,20(2):476- 481,doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2005.02.042.
刘兵,李曙光.2008.高密度电法在云南某高速公路岩溶勘察中的应用[J].工程地球物理学报,5(5):543-547.
黄光明,李长安,赵举兴.2018.福建三明万寿岩层状洞穴发育过程及其工程地质意义[J].第四纪研究,38(2):521-528,doi:10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2018.02.22.
黄光明,徐佩芬,李长安,等.2019.覆盖区岩溶溶洞的微动探测试验研究-以福建永安大湖盆地为例[J].煤炭学报,44(2):536-544,doi:10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2019.0053.
黄毓铭,张晓峰,谢尚平,等.2017.综合物探方法在南宁地铁溶洞探测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,32(3):1352-1359,doi:10.6038/pg20170354.
黄泉祯.1998.福建省地质图(1：500000)说明书[M].福州:福建省地图出版社:90-93.
罗小杰.2013.武汉地区浅层岩溶发育特征与岩溶塌陷灾害防治[J].中国岩溶,32(4):419- 432.
尚耀军,何耀京,黄子龙.2013.跨孔超高密度电法CT在岩溶勘察中的应用[J].工程地球物理学报,10(4):545-551.
王雪瑜.1997.福建永安鳞隐石林成因的沉积学研究[J].地理学报,52(2):138-145.
王中美.2017.贵州碳酸盐岩的分布特征及其对岩溶地下水的控制[J].地质与勘探,53(2):342-349.
徐佩芬,李世豪,杜建国,等.2013.微动探测:地层分层和隐伏断裂构造探测的新方法[J].岩石学报,29(5):1841-1845.
殷鸿福,吴顺宝,杜远生,等.1999.华南是特提斯多岛洋体系的一部分[J].地球科学—中国地质大学学报,24(1):1-12.
章飞亮,孙中科.2017.综合物探技术在城市轨道交通岩溶勘察中的应用[J].铁道勘察,43(5):82-96.
张捷,包浩生,李春华.1994.福建永安石林地貌的现代生物喀斯特侵蚀营力[J].山地研究,12(3):136-140.
赵连锋,朱介寿,严忠琼,等.2002.岩溶勘察层析成像试:成像效果分析[J].物探化探计算技术,24(4):332-336.
郑彦丰,朱通,赵晓亮,等.2017.音频大地电磁与浅层地震在隧道地质勘查中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,32(3):1417-1422,doi:10.6038/pg20170363.
郑智杰,张伟,曾洁,等.2017.综合物探方法在碳质灰岩库区岩溶渗漏带调查中的应用研究[J].地球物理学进展,32(5):2268-2273,doi:10.6038/pg20170558.
赵举兴.2018.福建省三明市城市地质调查内容设置——兼论山区城市的城市地质工作重点[J].资源环境与工程,32(3):403- 407.
Al-fares W,Bakalowicz M,Guerin R,et al.2002.Analysis of the karst aquifer structure of the Lamalou area(Hérault,France) with ground penetrating radar[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,51(2- 4):97-106.
Chi Yongxiang,Li run,Chen Zhihua.2011.On the formation age and developing process of Yong’an stone forest[J].Journal of Fuzhou University (Natural Science Edition) (in Chinese),39(1):152-156.
Ge Shuangcheng,Shao Changyun.2005.Technique and application of GPR in karst prospecting[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),20(2):476- 481,doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2005.02.042.
Hiroshi A,Kohji T.2004.S-wave velocity profiling by inversion of microtremor H/V spectrum[J].Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am.,94(1):53- 63.
Huang Guangming,Li Changan,Zhao Juxing.2018.Development process of layered karst caves and its implication of engineering geology,Wanshouyan,Fujian Province[J].Quaternary Sciences (in Chinese),38(2):521-528,doi:10.11928 /j.issn.1001-7410.2018.02.22.
Huang Guangming,Xu Peifen,Li Chang’an,et al.2019.Application of 2D microtremor section survey method in covered karst area,taking Yongan Dahu Basin,Fujian Province as example[J].Journal of China Coal Society (in Chinese),44(2):536-544,doi:10.13225 /j.cnki.jccs.2019.0053.
Huang Quanzhen.1998.Directions on geological map at scale of 1：500000 of Fujian Province[M].Fuzhou:Fujian Provincial Map Publishing House (in Chinese):90-93.
Huang Yu-ming,Zhang Xiao-feng,Xie Shang-ping,et al.2017.Application of integrated geophysical method to Karst cave exploration of metro engineering in Nanning[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),32(3):352-1359,doi:10.6038/pg20170354.
Ling Suqun.1994.Rseach on the estimation of phase velocities of surface waves in microtremors[D].(in Japanese).Hokkaido University.
Liu Bing,Li Shuguang.2008.Application of Multi-Electrodes Electrical method to Karst exploration of one highway in Yunnan[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics (in Chinese),5(5):543-547.
Luo Xiaojie.2013.Development characteristics of shallow karst and prevention and control of karst collapse in wuhan[J].Karst in China (in Chinese),32(4):419- 432.
McGrath R,Styles P,Thomas E,et al.2002.Integrated high-resolution geophysical investigations as potential tools for water resource investigations in karst terrain[J].Environmental Geology,42(5):552-557.
Okada H.2003.The microtremor survey method (translated by KoyaSuto):geophysical monograph series[M].Society of Exploration Geophysicists,12:1-135.
Okada H.2006.Theory of efficient array observations of microtremors with special reference to the SPAC method[J].Exploration Geophysicists,37(1):73-85.
Satoh T,Kawase H,Iwata T,et al.2001.S-wave velocity structure of the Taichung Basin,Taiwan,estimated from array and single-station records of microtremor sm[J].Bull.Seismol.Soc.Am,91(5):1267-1282.
Scherbaum F,Hinzen K G,Ohrnberger M.2003.Determination of shallow shear wave velocity profiles in the Cologne,Germany area using ambient vibrations[J].Geophys.J.Int.,152(2):597- 612.
Shapiro N M,Campillo M,Stehly L,et al.2005.High-resolution surface-wave tomography from Ambient seismic noise[J].Science,307:1615-1618.
Shang Yaojun,He Yaojing,Huang Zilong.2013.The application of Cross-hole Super-high density resistivity methodCT to Karst carve exploration[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics (in Chinese),10(4):545-551.
Wang Xueyu.1997.Study on sedimentology of the formation of lepien stone forest in yongan,fujian[J].Acta Geography Sinica (in Chinese),52(2):138-145.
Wang Zhongmei.2017.Characteristics of the distribution of carbonate rocks and their control on karst groundwater in Guizhou[J].Geology and Exploration (in Chinese),53(2):342-349.
Xu Peifen,Ling Suqun,Li Chuanjin,et al.2012.Mapping deeply-buried geothermal faults using microtremor array analysis[J].Geophys.J.Inc.,188(1):115-122.
Xu Peifen,Li Shihao,Du Jianguo,et al.2013.Microtremor survey method:A new geophysical method for dividing strata and detecting the buried fault structures[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica (in Chinese),29(5):1841-1845.
Yin Hongfu,Wu Shunbao,Du Yuansheng,et al.1999.South China defined as part ofTethyan archipelagic ocean system[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences (in Chinese),24(1):1-12.
Zhang Feiliang,Su Zhongke.2017.Application of integrated geophysical prospecting technology in Karst[J].Exploration of urban rail transit (in Chinese),5:82-96.
Zhang Jie,Bao Haosheng,Li Chunhua.1994.Modern biokarst erosion of stone forest landforms in yongan,Fujian[J].Mountain research (in Chinese),12(3):136-140.
Zhao Lianfeng,Zhu Jieshou,Yan Zhongqiong,et al.2002.A test of tomography in the cavern survey:imaging effect analysis[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration (in Chinese),24(4):332-336.
Zheng Yanfeng,Zhu Tong,Zhao Xiaoliang,et al.2017.Application of audio magnetotelluric and shallow seismic methods in tunnel geological exploration[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),32(3):1417-1422,doi:10.6038/pg20170363.
Zheng Zhijie,Zhang Wei,Zeng Jie,et al.2017.Application research of integrated geophysical methods to Karst seepage investigation in carbonaceous limestone reservoir area[J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),32(5):2268-2273,doi:10.6038/pg20170558.
Zhao Juxing.2018.Contents of urban geological investigation in Sanming,Fujian Province—Also about the focuses of urban geological survey in hilly city[J].Resources Environment & Engineering (in Chinese),32(3):403- 407.
池永翔,李润,陈植华.2011.基于测年法的永安石林形成年代及发育演化过程研究[J].福州大学学报(自然科学版),39(1):152-156.
葛双成,邵长云.2005.岩溶勘察中的探地雷达技术及应用[J].地球物理学进展,20(2):476- 481,doi:10.3969/j.issn.1004-2903.2005.02.042.
刘兵,李曙光.2008.高密度电法在云南某高速公路岩溶勘察中的应用[J].工程地球物理学报,5(5):543-547.
黄光明,李长安,赵举兴.2018.福建三明万寿岩层状洞穴发育过程及其工程地质意义[J].第四纪研究,38(2):521-528,doi:10.11928/j.issn.1001-7410.2018.02.22.
黄光明,徐佩芬,李长安,等.2019.覆盖区岩溶溶洞的微动探测试验研究-以福建永安大湖盆地为例[J].煤炭学报,44(2):536-544,doi:10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2019.0053.
黄毓铭,张晓峰,谢尚平,等.2017.综合物探方法在南宁地铁溶洞探测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,32(3):1352-1359,doi:10.6038/pg20170354.
黄泉祯.1998.福建省地质图(1：500000)说明书[M].福州:福建省地图出版社:90-93.
罗小杰.2013.武汉地区浅层岩溶发育特征与岩溶塌陷灾害防治[J].中国岩溶,32(4):419- 432.
尚耀军,何耀京,黄子龙.2013.跨孔超高密度电法CT在岩溶勘察中的应用[J].工程地球物理学报,10(4):545-551.
王雪瑜.1997.福建永安鳞隐石林成因的沉积学研究[J].地理学报,52(2):138-145.
王中美.2017.贵州碳酸盐岩的分布特征及其对岩溶地下水的控制[J].地质与勘探,53(2):342-349.
徐佩芬,李世豪,杜建国,等.2013.微动探测:地层分层和隐伏断裂构造探测的新方法[J].岩石学报,29(5):1841-1845.
殷鸿福,吴顺宝,杜远生,等.1999.华南是特提斯多岛洋体系的一部分[J].地球科学—中国地质大学学报,24(1):1-12.
章飞亮,孙中科.2017.综合物探技术在城市轨道交通岩溶勘察中的应用[J].铁道勘察,43(5):82-96.
张捷,包浩生,李春华.1994.福建永安石林地貌的现代生物喀斯特侵蚀营力[J].山地研究,12(3):136-140.
赵连锋,朱介寿,严忠琼,等.2002.岩溶勘察层析成像试:成像效果分析[J].物探化探计算技术,24(4):332-336.
郑彦丰,朱通,赵晓亮,等.2017.音频大地电磁与浅层地震在隧道地质勘查中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,32(3):1417-1422,doi:10.6038/pg20170363.
郑智杰,张伟,曾洁,等.2017.综合物探方法在碳质灰岩库区岩溶渗漏带调查中的应用研究[J].地球物理学进展,32(5):2268-2273,doi:10.6038/pg20170558.
赵举兴.2018.福建省三明市城市地质调查内容设置——兼论山区城市的城市地质工作重点[J].资源环境与工程,32(3):403- 407.