石油类LNAPL在沿海土-水系统中的运移及电阻率监测研究进展
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摘要
目前国内的石油储备基地基本位于沿海地区,其泄漏后造成的土-水系统污染不容忽视。本文介绍了国内外众多学者关于石油类轻非水相液体(LNAPL)在含水土层中的运移及电阻率法监测最新研究成果,包括石油运移的物理试验模拟和数值模拟、静态污染土的电阻率特征、动态运移过程的电阻率监测。同时笔者预测特殊地质条件下石油的运移及重分布、石油污染后电阻率响应机制、油污染土电阻率的通用公式及国内对于多相流数值模拟软件的开发将成为今后研究的主要热点。
At present the domestic oil reserve bases are basically located in the coastal areas, and the soil-water system pollution after the leakage is not to be ignored. This paper introduced the latest research results about the migration of light non-aqueous phase liquid(LNAPL) such as petroleum in aquifers and the resistiv-ity monitoring methods by numerous scholars at home and abroad. It included physical experiments simulation and numerical simulation of petroleum migration, static resistivity characteristics of contaminated soil and dy-namic migration process monitoring by resistivity method. At the same time, the authors predict that petroleum migration and redistribution under special geological conditions, resistivity response mechanism after petroleum pollution, the general resistivity formula of oil contaminated soil, and the development of domestic multiphase flow numerical simulation software will become the future main research hot spots.
At present the domestic oil reserve bases are basically located in the coastal areas, and the soil-water system pollution after the leakage is not to be ignored. This paper introduced the latest research results about the migration of light non-aqueous phase liquid(LNAPL) such as petroleum in aquifers and the resistiv-ity monitoring methods by numerous scholars at home and abroad. It included physical experiments simulation and numerical simulation of petroleum migration, static resistivity characteristics of contaminated soil and dy-namic migration process monitoring by resistivity method. At the same time, the authors predict that petroleum migration and redistribution under special geological conditions, resistivity response mechanism after petroleum pollution, the general resistivity formula of oil contaminated soil, and the development of domestic multiphase flow numerical simulation software will become the future main research hot spots.
引文
[1]ATEKWANA E A,ATEKWANA E.Geophysical signature of microbial activity at hydrocarbon contaminated sites:a review[J].Surveys in Geophysics,2010,31(2):247-283.
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[3]SAUCK W A.A model for the resistivity structure of LNAPL plumes and their environs in sandy sediments[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2000,44(2/3):151-165.
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[11]朱振慧,高宗军,张晓海,等.轻质非水相流体(柴油)在多孔介质中的垂向运移[J].环境工程学报,2015(4):1 842-1 848.
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[15]PRUESS K.The TOUGH codesùa family of simulation tools for multiphase flow and transport processes in permeable media[J].Vadose Zone Journal,2004,3(3):738-746.
[16]Finsterle S,Sonnenborg T O,Faybishenko B.Inverse modeling of a multistep outflow experiment for determining hysteretic hydraulic properties[C]//Proceedings of the TOUGH workshop.1998:250-256.
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[19]LARI K S,DAVIS G B,JOHNSTON C D.Incorporating hysteresis in a multi-phase multi-component NAPL modelling framework;a multi-component LNAPL gasoline example[J].Advances in Water Resources,2016,96:190-201.
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[21]李宏,RANJITH P G.地下水中非水相流体污染运移的三维有限元法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(12):2 509-2516.
[22]GIAMPAOLO V,RIZZO E,TITOV K,et al.Self-potential monitoring of a crude oil-contaminated site(Trecate,Italy)[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2014,21(15):8 932-8 947.
[23]潘玉英.NAPLs地下运移控制因素及监测技术研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2013.
[24]SON Y,OH M,LEE S.Influence of diesel fuel contamination on the electrical properties of unsaturated soil at a low frequency range of 100 Hz-10 MHz[J].Environmental Geology,2009,58(6):1 341-1 348.
[25]潘玉英,贾永刚,许中硕,等.不同影响因素下石油污染土电阻率特征研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(3):880-889.
[26]Gajdos V,Kral V.Influence of hydrocarbon pollution to soil conductivity[C]//Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society,eds.Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems.Tulsa:Society of Exploration Geophysicists,1995:785-789.
[27]ARCHIE G.The electrical resistivity log as an aid in determining some reservoir characteristics[J].Transactions of the AIME,1942,146(1):54-62.
[28]WAXMAN M H,SMITS L J M.Electrical conductivities in oil-baring shaly sands[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal,1968,8(2):107-122.
[29]APPARAO A,ROY A,MALLICK K.Resistivity model experiments[J].Geoexploration,1969,7(1):45-54.
[30]ADEPELUMI A A,SOLANKE A A,SANUSI O B,et al.Model tank electrical resistivity characterization of LNAPL migration in a clayey-sand formation[J].Environmental Geology,2006,50(8):1 221-1 233.
[31]SENTENAC P,MONTINARO A,KULESSA B.Diesel transport monitoring in simulated unconfined aquifers using miniature resistivity arrays[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2010,61(1):107-114.
[32]潘玉英,贾永刚,郭磊,等.LNAPL在砂质含水层中动态迁移的电阻率法监测试验研究[J].环境科学,2012,33(5):1 744-1 752.
[33]刘汉乐,张闪.非均质多孔介质中LNAPL污染过程的高密度电阻率成像法监测[J].地球物理学进展,2014,29(5):2 401-2 406.
[34]SLATER L,BINLEY A,VERSTEEG R,et al.A 3D ERT study of solute transport in a large experimental tank[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2002,49(4):211-229.
[2]PAN Yuying,YANG Jinsheng,JIA Yonggang,et al.Experimental study on non-aqueous phase liquid multiphase flow characteristics and controlling factors in heterogeneous porous media[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2016,75(1):1-13.
[3]SAUCK W A.A model for the resistivity structure of LNAPL plumes and their environs in sandy sediments[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2000,44(2/3):151-165.
[4]WERKEMA D D,ATEKWANA E A,ENDRES A L,et al.Investigating the geoelectrical response of hydrocarbon contamination undergoing biodegradation[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2003,30(12):1 647-1 651.
[5]SCHROTH M H,ISTOK J D,SELKER J S.Three-phase immiscible fluid movement in the vicinity of textural interfaces[J].Journal of Contaminant Hydrology,1998,32(1/2):1-23.
[6]Wipfler E L,Ness M,Breedveld G D,et al.Infiltration and redistribution of LNAPL into unsaturated layered porous media[J].Journal of Contaminant Hydrology,2004,71(1/4):47-66.
[7]KECHAVARZI C,SOGA K,ILLANGASEKARE T H.Two-dimensional laboratory simulation of LNAPL infiltration and redistribution in the vadose zone[J].Journal of Contaminant Hydrology,2005,76(3/4):211-233.
[8]DOBSON R,SCHROTH M H,ZEYER J.Effect of water-table fluctuation on dissolution and biodegradation of a multi-component,light nonaqueous-phase liquid[J].Journal of Contaminant Hydrology,2007,94(3/4):235-248.
[9]时新玲,张富仓,王国栋,等.非水相污染物在黄土性土壤中的入渗试验研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2005,23(4):49-52.
[10]杨宾,李慧颖,伍斌,等.4种NAPLs污染物在二维砂箱中的指进锋面形态特征研究[J].环境科学,2013,34(4):1 545-1 552.
[11]朱振慧,高宗军,张晓海,等.轻质非水相流体(柴油)在多孔介质中的垂向运移[J].环境工程学报,2015(4):1 842-1 848.
[12]WHITE,M D,OOSTROM M.STOMP subsurface transport over multiple phases version 4.0 user’s guide[R].Pacific Northwest National Laboratory,2006.
[13]GUARNACCIA J,PINDER G,FISHMAN M.NAPL simulator documentation final sport[R],1997,US EPA.
[14]LUCKNER L,VAN GENUCHTEN M T,NIELSEN D R.A consistent set of parametric models for the two-phase flow of immiscible fluids in the subsurface[J].Water Resources Research,1989,25(10):2 187-2 193.
[15]PRUESS K.The TOUGH codesùa family of simulation tools for multiphase flow and transport processes in permeable media[J].Vadose Zone Journal,2004,3(3):738-746.
[16]Finsterle S,Sonnenborg T O,Faybishenko B.Inverse modeling of a multistep outflow experiment for determining hysteretic hydraulic properties[C]//Proceedings of the TOUGH workshop.1998:250-256.
[17]PATTERSON C G.,FALTA R W.A simple history-dependent nonwetting-phase trapping model for the TOUGH simulators[C]//Proceedings of the TOUGH Symposium.2012.
[18]Van GENUCHTEN M T.A closed-form equation for predicting the hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soils[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1980,44(5):892-898.
[19]LARI K S,DAVIS G B,JOHNSTON C D.Incorporating hysteresis in a multi-phase multi-component NAPL modelling framework;a multi-component LNAPL gasoline example[J].Advances in Water Resources,2016,96:190-201.
[20]束善治,梁宏伟,袁勇.轻非水相液体在非均质地层包气带中运移和分布特征数值分析[J].水利学报,2002,11(3):31-37.
[21]李宏,RANJITH P G.地下水中非水相流体污染运移的三维有限元法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(12):2 509-2516.
[22]GIAMPAOLO V,RIZZO E,TITOV K,et al.Self-potential monitoring of a crude oil-contaminated site(Trecate,Italy)[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2014,21(15):8 932-8 947.
[23]潘玉英.NAPLs地下运移控制因素及监测技术研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2013.
[24]SON Y,OH M,LEE S.Influence of diesel fuel contamination on the electrical properties of unsaturated soil at a low frequency range of 100 Hz-10 MHz[J].Environmental Geology,2009,58(6):1 341-1 348.
[25]潘玉英,贾永刚,许中硕,等.不同影响因素下石油污染土电阻率特征研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(3):880-889.
[26]Gajdos V,Kral V.Influence of hydrocarbon pollution to soil conductivity[C]//Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society,eds.Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems.Tulsa:Society of Exploration Geophysicists,1995:785-789.
[27]ARCHIE G.The electrical resistivity log as an aid in determining some reservoir characteristics[J].Transactions of the AIME,1942,146(1):54-62.
[28]WAXMAN M H,SMITS L J M.Electrical conductivities in oil-baring shaly sands[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal,1968,8(2):107-122.
[29]APPARAO A,ROY A,MALLICK K.Resistivity model experiments[J].Geoexploration,1969,7(1):45-54.
[30]ADEPELUMI A A,SOLANKE A A,SANUSI O B,et al.Model tank electrical resistivity characterization of LNAPL migration in a clayey-sand formation[J].Environmental Geology,2006,50(8):1 221-1 233.
[31]SENTENAC P,MONTINARO A,KULESSA B.Diesel transport monitoring in simulated unconfined aquifers using miniature resistivity arrays[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2010,61(1):107-114.
[32]潘玉英,贾永刚,郭磊,等.LNAPL在砂质含水层中动态迁移的电阻率法监测试验研究[J].环境科学,2012,33(5):1 744-1 752.
[33]刘汉乐,张闪.非均质多孔介质中LNAPL污染过程的高密度电阻率成像法监测[J].地球物理学进展,2014,29(5):2 401-2 406.
[34]SLATER L,BINLEY A,VERSTEEG R,et al.A 3D ERT study of solute transport in a large experimental tank[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2002,49(4):211-229.