陆相页岩含油性的化学动力学定量评价方法
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摘要
细粒岩石中含油性和烃类可动性评价是页岩油气勘探选区和目标评价的重要依据。实验室开放热解技术是常规烃源岩品质和油气资源量评价的主要手段。页岩油勘探开发重点为页岩储层中的可动资源,常规Rock-Eval热解法获得的主要参数不能直接用于页岩油气资源评价。通过常规热解法的改进和数据处理流程的优化,提出了一系列页岩含油性和可动性评价新方法,包括利用单一升温速率热解数据获取非均质页岩系统生烃化学动力学参数,利用热解数据判识和定量扣除富有机质页岩中运移烃,页岩总含油量的单步热解法及其与两步热解法的比较分析,以及利用常规热解曲线信息确定游离烃组分。将这些方法应用于济阳坳陷和潜江凹陷页岩含油性分析和运移烃识别等方面,大大地提高了页岩含油性定量评价结果的针对性,有利于准确圈定页岩油原地资源量和伴生的常规圈闭资源量。
Quantitative assessment of oil-bearing properties and oil mobility in fine-grained rocks was a prerequisite for the shale play selection and drilling target evaluation. In conventional exploration,laboratory-based open pyrolysis technique was commonly used to evaluate source rock quality and resource potential. Shale oil exploration and development focused on movable resources in shale reservoirs. Routine parameters obtained by Rock-Eval pyrolysis could not be applied directly to shale resource assessment. Through the improvement of conventional pyrolysis analysis methods and the optimization of data processing flow,a series of new evaluation methods of oil-bearing and movability of shale were proposed. The methods included chemical kinetic parameters of hydrocarbon generation in heterogeneous shale system obtained by using pyrolysis data of a single heating rate,identifying and quantitatively deducting hydrocarbon migration in organic-rich shale using pyrolysis data,"one-step"pyrolysis method of total oil content in shale and its comparison with two-step pyrolysis,and determining composition of free hydrocarbons by using conventional pyrolysis curve information. These methods have been applied to shale oil-bearing analysis and hydrocarbon migration identification in Jiyang Depression and Qianjiang Sag and the pertinence of quantitative evaluation results of shale oil-bearing is obviously improved,which are conducive to accurately delineating in-situ shale oil resources and associated conventional trap resources.
Quantitative assessment of oil-bearing properties and oil mobility in fine-grained rocks was a prerequisite for the shale play selection and drilling target evaluation. In conventional exploration,laboratory-based open pyrolysis technique was commonly used to evaluate source rock quality and resource potential. Shale oil exploration and development focused on movable resources in shale reservoirs. Routine parameters obtained by Rock-Eval pyrolysis could not be applied directly to shale resource assessment. Through the improvement of conventional pyrolysis analysis methods and the optimization of data processing flow,a series of new evaluation methods of oil-bearing and movability of shale were proposed. The methods included chemical kinetic parameters of hydrocarbon generation in heterogeneous shale system obtained by using pyrolysis data of a single heating rate,identifying and quantitatively deducting hydrocarbon migration in organic-rich shale using pyrolysis data,"one-step"pyrolysis method of total oil content in shale and its comparison with two-step pyrolysis,and determining composition of free hydrocarbons by using conventional pyrolysis curve information. These methods have been applied to shale oil-bearing analysis and hydrocarbon migration identification in Jiyang Depression and Qianjiang Sag and the pertinence of quantitative evaluation results of shale oil-bearing is obviously improved,which are conducive to accurately delineating in-situ shale oil resources and associated conventional trap resources.
引文
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[15]ABRAMS Michael A,GONG Changrui,GARNIER Carole,et al.Anew thermal extraction protocol to evaluate liquid rich unconventional oil in place and in-situ fluid chemistry[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2017,88:659-675.
[16]BUMHAM A K,BRAUN R L.Global kinetic analysis of complex materials[J].Energy Fuel,1999,13(1):1-22.
[17]BUMHAM A.Global chemical kinetics of fossil fuels,how to model maturation and pyrolysis[M].[S.l.]:Springer,2017:145-147.
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[19]BRAUN R L,BURNHAM A K.Analysis of chemical reaction kinetics using a distribution of activation energies and simpler models[J].Energy&Fuels,1987,1(2):153-161.
[20]BEHAR F,BEAUMONT V,PENTEADO H L De B.Rock-Eval6technology:performances and developments[J].Oil&Gas Science and Technology,2001,56(2):111-134.
[21]JIANG Qigui,LI Maowen,QIAN Menhui,et al.Quantitative characterization of shale oil in different occurrence states and its application[J].Petroleum Geology&Exploration,2016,38(6):843-848.
[22]LOUCKS R G,REED R M,RUPPEL S C,et al.Spectrum of pore types and networks in mudrocks and a descriptive classification for matrix-related mudrock pores[J].AAPG Bulletin,2012,96(6):1 071-1 098.
[23]JARVIE D M.Shale resource systems for oil and gas:part2-shaleoil resource systems[M]//Breyer,J A,ed.Shale Reservoirs-Giant Resources for the 21st Century:AAPG Memoir97.Tulsa:American Association of Petroleum Geologists,2012:89-119.
[24]SANDVIK E I,YOUNG W A,CURRY D J.Expulsion from hydrocarbon sources:The role of organic absorption[J].Organic Geochemistry,1992,19(1-3):77-87.
[25]ZINK K G,SCHEEDER G,STUECK H L,et al.Total shale oil inventory from an extended Rock-Eval approach on non-extracted and extracted source rocks from Germany[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2016,163:186-194.
[26]李志明,钱门辉,黎茂稳,等.中-低成熟湖相富有机质泥页岩含油性及赋存形式--以渤海湾盆地渤南洼陷罗63井和义21井沙河街组一段为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(3):448-456.LI Zhiming,QIAN Menhui,LI Maowen,et al.Oil content and occurrence in low-medium mature organic-rich lacustrine shales:Acase from the 1stmember of Eocence-Oligocene Shehejie Formation in Well Luo-63 and Yi-21,Bonan Subsag,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2017,38(3):448-456.
[27]LI Maowen,CHEN Zhuoheng,MA Xiaoxiao,et al.A numerical method for calculating total oil yield using a single routine RockEval program:A case study of the Eocene Shahejie Formation in Dongying Depression,Bohai Bay Basin,China[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2018,191:49-65.
[28]PENNER S S.On the kinetics of evaporation[J].Journal of Physical Chemistry,1952,56 457:475-479.
[2]CHEN Zhuoheng,LAVOIE Denis,MALO Michel,et al.A dual porosity model for evaluating petroleum resource potential in unconventional tight shale plays with application to Utica Shale in Quebec,Canada[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2017,80:333-348.
[3]CHEN Zhuoheng,LIU Xiaojun,JIANG Chunqing.Quick evaluation of source rock kerogen kinetics using hydrocarbon pyrograms from regular Rock-Eval analysis[J].Energy Fuel,2017,31(2):1 832-1 841.
[4]KING R R,JARVIE D M,CANNON D,et al.Addressing the caveats of source rock pyrolysis in the unconventional world:modified methods and interpretative ideas[C].San Antonio:Unconventional Resources Technology Conference,2015:20-22,919-934.
[5]ROMERO-SARMIENTO M F,PILLOT D,LETORT G,et al.New Rock-Eval method for characterization of unconventional shale resource systems[J].Oil&Gas Science and Technology-Revue d'IFP Energies Nouvelles,2016,71(3):37.
[6]LI Maowen,CHEN Zhuoheng,CAO Tingting,et al.Expelled oils and their impacts on Rock-Eval data interpretation,Eocene Qianjiang Formation in Jianghan Basin,China[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2018,191:37-48.
[7]MA Yuanyuan,CAO Tingting,SNOWDON Lloyd,et al.Impact of different experimental heating rates on calculated hydrocarbon generation kinetics[J].Energy&Fuels,2017,31(10):10 378-10 392.
[8]BEHAR F,LEWAN M D,LORANT F,et al.Comparison of artificial maturation of lignite in hydrous and nonhydrous conditions[J].Organic Geochemistry,2003,34(4):575-600.
[9]JARVIE D M.Shale resource systems for oil and gas:part1-shalegas resource systems[M]//BREYER J A.Shale reservoirs-Giant resources for the 21st Century:AAPG Memoir97.Tulsa:American Association of Petroleum Geologists,2012:69-87.
[10]SNOWDON L R.Rock-Eval Tmaxsuppression:documentation and amelioration[J].AAPG Bulletin,1995,79(9):1 337-1 348.
[11]CORNFORD C.Source rocks and hydrocarbons of the North Sea[M]//Glennie K W.Petroleum Geology of the North Sea:Basic Concepts and Recent Advance.Aberdeen:Blackwell Science Ltd,1998:376-462.
[12]RAJI M,GR?CKE D R,GREENWELL H C,et al.The effect of interbedding on shale reservoir properties[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2015,67:154-169.
[13]CHEN Zhuoheng,LI Maowen,MA Xiaoxiao,et al.Generation kinetics based method for correcting effects of migrated oil on RockEval data-An example from the Eocene Qianjiang Formation,Jianghan Basin,China[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2018,195:84-101.
[14]DELVEAUX D,MARTIN H,LEPLAT P,et al.Comparitive RockEval pyrolysis as an improved tool for sedimentary organic matter analysis[J].Organic Geochemistry,1990,16(4-6):1 221-1 229.
[15]ABRAMS Michael A,GONG Changrui,GARNIER Carole,et al.Anew thermal extraction protocol to evaluate liquid rich unconventional oil in place and in-situ fluid chemistry[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2017,88:659-675.
[16]BUMHAM A K,BRAUN R L.Global kinetic analysis of complex materials[J].Energy Fuel,1999,13(1):1-22.
[17]BUMHAM A.Global chemical kinetics of fossil fuels,how to model maturation and pyrolysis[M].[S.l.]:Springer,2017:145-147.
[18]CHEN Zhuoheng,LIU Xiaojun,GUO Qiulin,et al.Inversion of source rock hydrocarbon generation kinetics from rock-Eval data[J].Fuel,2017,194:91-101.
[19]BRAUN R L,BURNHAM A K.Analysis of chemical reaction kinetics using a distribution of activation energies and simpler models[J].Energy&Fuels,1987,1(2):153-161.
[20]BEHAR F,BEAUMONT V,PENTEADO H L De B.Rock-Eval6technology:performances and developments[J].Oil&Gas Science and Technology,2001,56(2):111-134.
[21]JIANG Qigui,LI Maowen,QIAN Menhui,et al.Quantitative characterization of shale oil in different occurrence states and its application[J].Petroleum Geology&Exploration,2016,38(6):843-848.
[22]LOUCKS R G,REED R M,RUPPEL S C,et al.Spectrum of pore types and networks in mudrocks and a descriptive classification for matrix-related mudrock pores[J].AAPG Bulletin,2012,96(6):1 071-1 098.
[23]JARVIE D M.Shale resource systems for oil and gas:part2-shaleoil resource systems[M]//Breyer,J A,ed.Shale Reservoirs-Giant Resources for the 21st Century:AAPG Memoir97.Tulsa:American Association of Petroleum Geologists,2012:89-119.
[24]SANDVIK E I,YOUNG W A,CURRY D J.Expulsion from hydrocarbon sources:The role of organic absorption[J].Organic Geochemistry,1992,19(1-3):77-87.
[25]ZINK K G,SCHEEDER G,STUECK H L,et al.Total shale oil inventory from an extended Rock-Eval approach on non-extracted and extracted source rocks from Germany[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2016,163:186-194.
[26]李志明,钱门辉,黎茂稳,等.中-低成熟湖相富有机质泥页岩含油性及赋存形式--以渤海湾盆地渤南洼陷罗63井和义21井沙河街组一段为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(3):448-456.LI Zhiming,QIAN Menhui,LI Maowen,et al.Oil content and occurrence in low-medium mature organic-rich lacustrine shales:Acase from the 1stmember of Eocence-Oligocene Shehejie Formation in Well Luo-63 and Yi-21,Bonan Subsag,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2017,38(3):448-456.
[27]LI Maowen,CHEN Zhuoheng,MA Xiaoxiao,et al.A numerical method for calculating total oil yield using a single routine RockEval program:A case study of the Eocene Shahejie Formation in Dongying Depression,Bohai Bay Basin,China[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2018,191:49-65.
[28]PENNER S S.On the kinetics of evaporation[J].Journal of Physical Chemistry,1952,56 457:475-479.