含锌电炉粉尘处理技术的研究进展
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摘要
随着我国含锌电炉粉尘排放量的不断增加,钢铁厂含锌电炉粉尘的处置利用应满足粉尘的资源高效利用和处置过程的环境保护要求。对目前国内外含锌电炉粉尘特性和处置技术进行综述和分析,发现固化和稳定化处置含锌粉尘不利于有价组成的资源回收;湿法处置含锌粉尘的工艺能耗低,但处理能力也较低,且处置工艺流程较长;火法处置含锌粉尘工艺的优点是处置能力大、锌脱除率高,缺点是能耗大,且对锌的含量有要求。随着未来我国废钢电弧炉炼钢比例的增大,采用火法工艺脱除高锌粉尘中的锌将成为电炉粉尘处置的重要方向。
With the continuous increase of Zn-containing electric arc furnaces dust(EAFD) emissions in China, treatment and utilization of Zn-containing EAFD in steel plants should ensure environmental protection during efficient utilization and disposal process of the dust resources. This paper summarized and analyzed the characteristics and treatment technologies of EAFD at home and abroad, and discovered that solidification and stabilization disposal of an-containing dust was not good for resource recovery of valuable composition;. hydrometallurgical process had not only lower energy consumption but also small disposing capacity, as well as long technological process; pyrometallurgical process had the advantages of large disposal capacity and higher removal efficiency of zinc, and had the shortcomings such as big energy consumption and certain requirements on the zinc content. With the increasing utilization of scrap steel in EAF smelting in the future, pyrometallurgical process of extracting zinc from high zinc dust will become an important direction for disposal of EAFD.
With the continuous increase of Zn-containing electric arc furnaces dust(EAFD) emissions in China, treatment and utilization of Zn-containing EAFD in steel plants should ensure environmental protection during efficient utilization and disposal process of the dust resources. This paper summarized and analyzed the characteristics and treatment technologies of EAFD at home and abroad, and discovered that solidification and stabilization disposal of an-containing dust was not good for resource recovery of valuable composition;. hydrometallurgical process had not only lower energy consumption but also small disposing capacity, as well as long technological process; pyrometallurgical process had the advantages of large disposal capacity and higher removal efficiency of zinc, and had the shortcomings such as big energy consumption and certain requirements on the zinc content. With the increasing utilization of scrap steel in EAF smelting in the future, pyrometallurgical process of extracting zinc from high zinc dust will become an important direction for disposal of EAFD.
引文
[1] 李士琦, 郁健, 李京社. 电弧炉炼钢技术进展[J]. 中国冶金, 2010, 20(4): 1-7, 16.
[2] 谭宇佳, 郭宇峰, 姜涛, 等. 含锌电炉粉尘处理工艺现状及发展[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2017(3): 44-50.
[3] Li C L, Tsai M S. Mechanism of spinel ferrite dust formation in electric arc furnace steelmaking[J]. ISIJ International, 1993, 33(2): 284-290.
[4] 杜光宝, 张梅, 郭敏. 电炉粉尘中锌金属回收的试验研究[J]. 钢铁研究学报, 2010, 22(10): 25-29.
[5] Xia D K, Pickles C A. Caustic roasting and leaching of electric arc furnace dust[J]. Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, 2013, 38(3): 175-186.
[6] Conner J R, Hoeffner S L. A critical review of stabilization/solidification technology[J]. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 1998, 28(4): 397-462.
[7] Andres A, Ortiz I, Viguri J R, et al. Long-term behaviour of toxic metals in stabilized steel foundry dusts[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 1995, 40(1): 31-42.
[8] ?Kvara F, Ka?tanek F, Pavelkova I, et al. Solidification of waste steel foundry dust with Portland cement[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2002, 89(1): 67-81.
[9] Park C K. Hydration and solidification of hazardous wastes containing heavy metals using modified cementitious materials[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2000, 30(3): 429-435.
[10] Pelino M, Karamanov A, Pisciella P, et al. Vitrification of electric arc furnace dusts[J]. Waste Management, 2002, 22(8): 945-949.
[11] Pisciella P, Crisucci S, Karamanov A, et al. Chemical durability of glasses obtained by vitrification of industrial wastes[J]. Waste Management, 2001, 21(1): 1-9.
[12] Andres A, Irabien J A. The influence of binder/waste ratio on leaching characteristics of solidified/stabilized steel foundry dusts[J]. Environmental Technology, 1994, 15(4): 343-351.
[13] Jones L. Interference mechanisms in waste stabilization solidification processes[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 1990, 24(1): 83-88.
[14] Hamilton I W, Sammes N M. Encapsulation of steel foundry bag house dusts in cement mortar[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 1999, 29(1): 51-56.
[15] Andres A, Irabien J A. Solidification stabilization process for steel foundry dust using cement based binders influence of processing variables[J]. Waste Management & Research, 1994, 12(5): 405-415.
[16] Mikhail S A, Turcotte A M, Aota J. Thermoanalytical study of EAF dust and its vitrification product[J]. Thermochimica Acta, 1996, 287(1): 71-79.
[17] 彭兵, 张传福, 彭及. 电弧炉粉尘的治理[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2000, 4: 33-37.
[18] Grieshaber K W, Philipp C T, Bennett G F. Process for recycling spent potliner and electric arc furnace dust into commercial products using oxygen enrichment[J]. Waste Management, 1994, 14(3/4): 267-276.
[19] 彭兵, 张传福, 彭及. 电弧炉炼钢粉尘的固化处理[J]. 中南工业大学学报, 2000, 31(2): 124-126.
[20] 高仑, 锌的回收与再生技术[M]. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2013:24-27.
[21] 李明阳. 电炉粉尘综合利用的研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2006:13-18.
[22] 任茂胜. 电弧炉烟尘的循环利用[J]. 工业加热, 2008, 37(5): 56-60.
[23] 庞文杰, 曾子高, 刘卫平, 等. 国外电弧炉烟尘处理技术现状及发展[J]. 矿冶工程, 2004, 24(4): 41-46.
[24] 张丙怀, 李明阳, 刁岳川, 等. 电炉粉尘高效利用的实验室研究[J]. 安全与环境学报, 2005, 5(6): 16-19.
[25] Caravaca C, Cobo A, Alguacil F J. Considerations about the recycling of EAF flue dusts as source for the recovery of valuable metals by hydrometallurgical processes[J]. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 1994, 10(1/2): 35-41.
[26] Hilber T, Marr R, Siebenhofer M, et al. Solid/liquid extraction of zinc from Eaf-dust[J]. Separation Science and Technology, 2001, 36(5/6): 1323-1333.
[27] Youcai Z, Stucki S, Ludwig C, et al. Impact of moisture on volatility of heavy metals in municipal solid waste incinerated in a laboratory scale simulated incinerator[J]. Waste management, 2004, 24(6): 581-587.
[28] Dutra A J B, Paiva P R P, Tavares L M. Alkaline leaching of zinc from electric arc furnace steel dust[J]. Minerals Engineering, 2006, 19(5): 478-485.
[2] 谭宇佳, 郭宇峰, 姜涛, 等. 含锌电炉粉尘处理工艺现状及发展[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2017(3): 44-50.
[3] Li C L, Tsai M S. Mechanism of spinel ferrite dust formation in electric arc furnace steelmaking[J]. ISIJ International, 1993, 33(2): 284-290.
[4] 杜光宝, 张梅, 郭敏. 电炉粉尘中锌金属回收的试验研究[J]. 钢铁研究学报, 2010, 22(10): 25-29.
[5] Xia D K, Pickles C A. Caustic roasting and leaching of electric arc furnace dust[J]. Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, 2013, 38(3): 175-186.
[6] Conner J R, Hoeffner S L. A critical review of stabilization/solidification technology[J]. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 1998, 28(4): 397-462.
[7] Andres A, Ortiz I, Viguri J R, et al. Long-term behaviour of toxic metals in stabilized steel foundry dusts[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 1995, 40(1): 31-42.
[8] ?Kvara F, Ka?tanek F, Pavelkova I, et al. Solidification of waste steel foundry dust with Portland cement[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2002, 89(1): 67-81.
[9] Park C K. Hydration and solidification of hazardous wastes containing heavy metals using modified cementitious materials[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2000, 30(3): 429-435.
[10] Pelino M, Karamanov A, Pisciella P, et al. Vitrification of electric arc furnace dusts[J]. Waste Management, 2002, 22(8): 945-949.
[11] Pisciella P, Crisucci S, Karamanov A, et al. Chemical durability of glasses obtained by vitrification of industrial wastes[J]. Waste Management, 2001, 21(1): 1-9.
[12] Andres A, Irabien J A. The influence of binder/waste ratio on leaching characteristics of solidified/stabilized steel foundry dusts[J]. Environmental Technology, 1994, 15(4): 343-351.
[13] Jones L. Interference mechanisms in waste stabilization solidification processes[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 1990, 24(1): 83-88.
[14] Hamilton I W, Sammes N M. Encapsulation of steel foundry bag house dusts in cement mortar[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 1999, 29(1): 51-56.
[15] Andres A, Irabien J A. Solidification stabilization process for steel foundry dust using cement based binders influence of processing variables[J]. Waste Management & Research, 1994, 12(5): 405-415.
[16] Mikhail S A, Turcotte A M, Aota J. Thermoanalytical study of EAF dust and its vitrification product[J]. Thermochimica Acta, 1996, 287(1): 71-79.
[17] 彭兵, 张传福, 彭及. 电弧炉粉尘的治理[J]. 矿产综合利用, 2000, 4: 33-37.
[18] Grieshaber K W, Philipp C T, Bennett G F. Process for recycling spent potliner and electric arc furnace dust into commercial products using oxygen enrichment[J]. Waste Management, 1994, 14(3/4): 267-276.
[19] 彭兵, 张传福, 彭及. 电弧炉炼钢粉尘的固化处理[J]. 中南工业大学学报, 2000, 31(2): 124-126.
[20] 高仑, 锌的回收与再生技术[M]. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2013:24-27.
[21] 李明阳. 电炉粉尘综合利用的研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2006:13-18.
[22] 任茂胜. 电弧炉烟尘的循环利用[J]. 工业加热, 2008, 37(5): 56-60.
[23] 庞文杰, 曾子高, 刘卫平, 等. 国外电弧炉烟尘处理技术现状及发展[J]. 矿冶工程, 2004, 24(4): 41-46.
[24] 张丙怀, 李明阳, 刁岳川, 等. 电炉粉尘高效利用的实验室研究[J]. 安全与环境学报, 2005, 5(6): 16-19.
[25] Caravaca C, Cobo A, Alguacil F J. Considerations about the recycling of EAF flue dusts as source for the recovery of valuable metals by hydrometallurgical processes[J]. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 1994, 10(1/2): 35-41.
[26] Hilber T, Marr R, Siebenhofer M, et al. Solid/liquid extraction of zinc from Eaf-dust[J]. Separation Science and Technology, 2001, 36(5/6): 1323-1333.
[27] Youcai Z, Stucki S, Ludwig C, et al. Impact of moisture on volatility of heavy metals in municipal solid waste incinerated in a laboratory scale simulated incinerator[J]. Waste management, 2004, 24(6): 581-587.
[28] Dutra A J B, Paiva P R P, Tavares L M. Alkaline leaching of zinc from electric arc furnace steel dust[J]. Minerals Engineering, 2006, 19(5): 478-485.