南岭多时代花岗岩的钨锡成矿作用
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摘要
南岭成矿带以与多时代花岗岩有关的钨锡稀有金属成矿为特色,是我国19个重点成矿区带中5个重点矿产勘察地区之一,南岭花岗岩的基础研究和地质找矿实践不断取得重要进展.本文重点介绍近年来对南岭多时代花岗岩与钨锡成矿作用的主要新认识:(1)南岭地区存在加里东期、印支期和燕山期等多时代钨锡花岗岩.(2)南岭地区燕山期含锡(钨)花岗岩构成北东向分布的准铝质A型花岗岩带,延伸约350 km,暗色包体常见,为典型的磁铁矿型花岗岩.(3)燕山早期含锡花岗岩和含钨花岗岩具有不同的岩石学特征,大多含锡花岗岩以准铝质—弱过铝质(含角闪石)黑云母花岗岩为主,而含钨花岗岩则以二云母花岗岩及白云母花岗岩为主,含锡花岗岩锆石的Hf(t)集中在2~8,而含钨花岗岩中的锆石的Hf(t)集中在8~14,表明含锡花岗岩的物源中明显有地幔物质参与,而含钨花岗岩的物源则以地壳物质为主.(4)基于南岭钨、锡花岗岩的岩石学特征,研究表明榍石、磁铁矿和黑云母等常见矿物是含锡花岗岩成矿能力的有效标志,而黑钨矿等矿物可以作为含钨花岗岩的重要判别标志.本文认为,南岭复式岩体不同时代花岗岩之间的内在联系、南岭不同时代含钨锡花岗岩的成矿特征、南岭含矿长英质岩脉与岩浆演化关系、南岭花岗岩穹窿与成矿关系等应该是今后南岭花岗岩研究中需要重点关注的科学问题.
引文
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