重庆市主城区农民工健康知识认知现状及其影响因素分析
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摘要
目的了解重庆市主城区农民工健康认知现状及影响因素,为制定健康干预措施提供决策依据。方法采用配额方便抽样方法抽取重庆市主城9区670名农民工进行问卷调查,其中重工业比较发达、农民工聚集度高的渝北区和九龙坡区各抽取90名,其他城区均抽取70名。结果被调查农民工健康基本知识素养水平为22.3%;具备6类健康问题素养分别为健康生活方式46. 9%、心理健康40. 3%、慢性病防治34. 4%、职业病防治32.0%、科学健康观29. 6%、传染病防治16.1%。Logistic多因素分析结果显示,新生代农民工、文化程度越高是农民工健康知识素养水平的保护因素(P<0.05),OR值分别为0.376 (95%CI:0.043～3.729)和0.024(95%CI:0.009～0. 065);建筑业、居民服务、修理和其他服务业和工作时间超时是农民工健康知识素养水平的危险因素(P<0.05), OR值分别为1.086 (95%CI:0.304～3.886)、1.488 (95%CI:0.343～6.458)和4.353(95%CI:1.231～12. 964)。结论农民工健康认知水平低,建议针对农民工群体特点和影响农民工健康认知水平的因素采取有力措施,并加大健康教育力度。
Objective To understand the level of health literacy and its influencing among rural migrant workers in Chongqing City, and to provide evidence for health intervention measures making. Methods Quota sampling method was used to collect 670 rural migrant workers in Chongqing as the survey objects, 70 participants were selected from each district, except Yubei District and Jiulongpo District which were heavy industry(90 participants each district). Results The level of health literacy among rural migrant workers in Chongqing was 22. 3%. 6 kinds of health literacy level were as blew:healthy lifestyle(46.9%), mental health(40.3%), chronic disease prevention(34.4%), occupational disease prevention(32. 0%), scientific view of health(29.6%), and infectious disease prevention(16.1%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the new generation of migrant workers(OR = 0. 376, 95% CI: 0. 043-3. 729) and higher educational level were protective factors( OR = 0. 024, 95% CI:0. 009-0. 065), industry included construction( OR =1.086, 95%CI: 0.304-3.886) and resident services, repairs and other services(OR = 1.488, 95% CI: 0.343-6.458) and working overtime(OR=4.353, 95%CI: 1.231-12.964) were risk factors. Conclusion The health literacy level of rural migrant workers in Chongqing City was low. It is suggested to strengthen health education and to take effective measures according to their characteristic and influence factors.
Objective To understand the level of health literacy and its influencing among rural migrant workers in Chongqing City, and to provide evidence for health intervention measures making. Methods Quota sampling method was used to collect 670 rural migrant workers in Chongqing as the survey objects, 70 participants were selected from each district, except Yubei District and Jiulongpo District which were heavy industry(90 participants each district). Results The level of health literacy among rural migrant workers in Chongqing was 22. 3%. 6 kinds of health literacy level were as blew:healthy lifestyle(46.9%), mental health(40.3%), chronic disease prevention(34.4%), occupational disease prevention(32. 0%), scientific view of health(29.6%), and infectious disease prevention(16.1%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the new generation of migrant workers(OR = 0. 376, 95% CI: 0. 043-3. 729) and higher educational level were protective factors( OR = 0. 024, 95% CI:0. 009-0. 065), industry included construction( OR =1.086, 95%CI: 0.304-3.886) and resident services, repairs and other services(OR = 1.488, 95% CI: 0.343-6.458) and working overtime(OR=4.353, 95%CI: 1.231-12.964) were risk factors. Conclusion The health literacy level of rural migrant workers in Chongqing City was low. It is suggested to strengthen health education and to take effective measures according to their characteristic and influence factors.
引文
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[6]张玲,支倩,谢莎丽,等.2016年重庆市主城区居民健康素养现状及其影响因素[J].中国健康教育,2018,34(3):227-231,235.
[7]杨维中,冯子健,金连梅.我国传染病流行现状与防治策略[C]//中华预防医学会.中华预防医学会第二届学术年会论文集.北京:中华预防医学会,2006:68-72.
[8]崔颖,杨丽,叶健莉.安徽、新疆两地农村居民健康知识知晓情况及其影响因素[J].中国健康教育,2009,25(3):175-177.
[9]潘泽泉,林婷婷.劳动时间、社会交往与农民工的社会融入研究:基于湖南省农民工“三融入”调查的分析[J].中国人口科学,2015(3):108-115,128.
[10]张宝津,沈旭娟,刘天娥.杭州市余杭区居民健康素养调查及影响因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2016,32(10):939-942.
[2]中华人民共和国国家统计局.2017年农民工监测调查报告[R/OL].(2018-04-28)[2018-07-20]. http://www. zgxxb. com.cn/xwzx/201804280025. shtml.
[3]曾思康.新生代农民工发展的经济学考察[D].福州:福建师范大学,2012.
[4]刘美彤.吉林省就业流动人口健康认知及健康教育情况研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2017.
[5]中华人民共和国国家统计局.新生代农民工的数量、结构和特点[EB/OL].(2011-03-11)[2018-07-20]. http://www. stats.gov. cn/ztjc/ztfx/fxbg/201103/t20110310_16148. html.
[6]张玲,支倩,谢莎丽,等.2016年重庆市主城区居民健康素养现状及其影响因素[J].中国健康教育,2018,34(3):227-231,235.
[7]杨维中,冯子健,金连梅.我国传染病流行现状与防治策略[C]//中华预防医学会.中华预防医学会第二届学术年会论文集.北京:中华预防医学会,2006:68-72.
[8]崔颖,杨丽,叶健莉.安徽、新疆两地农村居民健康知识知晓情况及其影响因素[J].中国健康教育,2009,25(3):175-177.
[9]潘泽泉,林婷婷.劳动时间、社会交往与农民工的社会融入研究:基于湖南省农民工“三融入”调查的分析[J].中国人口科学,2015(3):108-115,128.
[10]张宝津,沈旭娟,刘天娥.杭州市余杭区居民健康素养调查及影响因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2016,32(10):939-942.