异步电机定子绕组匝间短路故障诊断研究
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摘要
将负序电流作为异步电机定子绕组匝间短路的故障特征量,在提取时易受谐波、噪声等因素的影响,而频谱分析也较为复杂,故障诊断的可靠性和高效性难以兼顾。为可靠高效地诊断异步电机定子绕组匝间短路,在多次派克变换的基础上,提出故障特征量I~z_(pg)以反映故障。首先根据故障后的电机磁场推导出故障后定子中存在的电流频次;然后得到非理想工况下,利用多次派克变换提取故障特征量I~z_(pg)的表达式;最后建立故障后异步电机的多回路数学模型,对理想工况和非理想工况下定子不同严重程度的匝间短路进行仿真。分析结果表明,I~z_(pg)和故障严重程度正相关且对电压源不平衡这类非理想工况呈现鲁棒性,用I~z_(pg)诊断异步电机定子匝间短路具有高灵敏性与高可靠性。
When the negative sequence current is taken as the fault characteristic quantity of inter-turn faults in stator windings of asynchronous motor, its extraction is easily affected by harmonics and noises and the spectrum analysis is rather complicated, so it is difficult to balance the reliability and efficiency of fault diagnosis. In order to diagnose inter-turn faults in stator windings of asynchronous motor reliably and efficiently, on the basis of multiple Park's transformations, the fault characteristic quantity I~z_(pg) was put forward to reflect the fault. The current frequency in the stator after the fault was deduced according to the motor magnetic field after the fault firstly. Then the expression of fault characteristic quantity I~z_(pg) extracted by multiple Park's transformations was obtained under non-ideal working conditions. Finally, the multi-loop mathematical model of asynchronous motor after fault was established, and the inter-turn fault of stator with different severity under ideal and non-ideal conditions was simulated. The analysis results showed that the I~z_(pg) was positively correlated with the severity of the fault and had robustness to non-ideal conditions such as voltage source imbalance, and it was highly sensitive and reliable to diagnose the stator inter-turn fault of asynchronous motor by I~z_(pg).
When the negative sequence current is taken as the fault characteristic quantity of inter-turn faults in stator windings of asynchronous motor, its extraction is easily affected by harmonics and noises and the spectrum analysis is rather complicated, so it is difficult to balance the reliability and efficiency of fault diagnosis. In order to diagnose inter-turn faults in stator windings of asynchronous motor reliably and efficiently, on the basis of multiple Park's transformations, the fault characteristic quantity I~z_(pg) was put forward to reflect the fault. The current frequency in the stator after the fault was deduced according to the motor magnetic field after the fault firstly. Then the expression of fault characteristic quantity I~z_(pg) extracted by multiple Park's transformations was obtained under non-ideal working conditions. Finally, the multi-loop mathematical model of asynchronous motor after fault was established, and the inter-turn fault of stator with different severity under ideal and non-ideal conditions was simulated. The analysis results showed that the I~z_(pg) was positively correlated with the severity of the fault and had robustness to non-ideal conditions such as voltage source imbalance, and it was highly sensitive and reliable to diagnose the stator inter-turn fault of asynchronous motor by I~z_(pg).
引文
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[16] NANDI S.Detection of stator faults in induction machines using residual saturation harmonics[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2006,42(5):1201.
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[19] 陈众.电机模型分析及拖动仿真——基于MATLAB的现代方法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2017.
[2] GANDHI A,CORRIGAN T,PARSA L.Recent advances in modeling and online detection of stator inter-turn faults in electrical motors[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2011,58(5):1564.
[3] 魏书荣,张路,符杨,等.基于拟序阻抗的海上双馈电机定子绕组匝间短路早期故障辨识[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(1):273.
[4] SINGH G,NAIKAN V N A.Infrared thermography based diagnosis of inter-turn fault and cooling system failure in three phase induction motor[J].Infrared Physics and Technology,2017,87:134.
[5] SOTTILE J,KOHLER J L.An on-line method to detect incipient failure of turn insulation in random wound motors[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,1993,8(4):762.
[6] 许伯强,李和明,孙丽玲,等.异步电动机定子绕组匝间短路故障检测方法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(7):181.
[7] CHENG S W,ZHANG P J,HABETLER T G.An impedance identification approach to sensitive detection and location of stator turn-to-turn faults in a closed-loop multiple-motor drive[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2011,58(5):1545.
[8] LEE S B,TALLAM R M,HABETLER T G.A robust,on-line turn-fault detection technique for induction machines based on monitoring the sequence component impedance matrix[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2003,18(3):865.
[9] 方芳,杨士元,侯新国,等.派克矢量旋转变换在感应电机定子故障诊断中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(12):99.
[10] 马宏忠,张志艳,张志新,等.双馈异步发电机定子匝间短路故障诊断研究[J].电机与控制学报,2011,15(11):50.
[11] 王攀攀,史丽萍.利用微粒群算法提取的正负序相量检测感应电机定子故障[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(2):91.
[12] STAVROU A,SEDDING H G,PENMAN J.Current monitoring for detecting inter-turn short circuits in induction motors[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2001,16(1):32.
[13] 李俊卿,王栋.双馈感应发电机转子匝间短路时定子电流谐波分析[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(21):71.
[14] 王志兴.双馈风力发电机绕组匝间短路故障的建模与分析[D].北京:华北电力大学,2016.
[15] 李俊卿,李忠徽,仝宗义.基于信息融合的双馈风机定子匝间短路故障诊断[J].电机与控制应用,2017,44(8):99.
[16] NANDI S.Detection of stator faults in induction machines using residual saturation harmonics[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2006,42(5):1201.
[17] 马宏忠,张艳,魏海增,等.基于转子平均瞬时功率的双馈异步发电机定子绕组匝间短路故障诊断[J].电力自动化设备,2018,38(4):151.
[18] 方红伟,夏长亮,修杰.定子绕组匝间短路时发电机电磁转矩分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(15):83.
[19] 陈众.电机模型分析及拖动仿真——基于MATLAB的现代方法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2017.