柚子内皮热解改性及其吸油性能研究
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摘要
以柚子内皮为原料,采用热解制备吸油材料,研究了材料的化学结构和微观形貌,考察了不同温度下热解柚子内皮对机油、橄榄油和菜籽油的吸油性能﹒研究表明,随着温度不断升高,柚子内皮中的半纤维素、纤维素和木质素相继热解,微孔得到增大,但在500℃下热解微孔将坍塌;对于3种油品,400℃下处理3 h时内皮颗粒的吸油倍率最高,若再延长改性时间和升高温度均会降低吸油倍率;在循环使用10次后,未热解处理和400℃下处理5 h的内皮颗粒对机油、橄榄油和菜籽油的吸油倍率分别降低了43.04%、42.11%、33.05%以及41.36%、34.92%、28.54%,热解改性提高了内皮颗粒的循环使用能力﹒
The pomelo peel was used to prepare oil-absorbing material by pyrolysis modification, its chemical structure and micromorphology of oil absorbing materials were studied, and the absorption of engine oil, olive oil and rapeseed oil on grapefruit endothelium treated at different temperatures were investigated. The research shows that the hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin in the grapefruit endotherm will be pyrolyzed in succession, and the micropores in materials will increase with the temperature increases. But the micropores should be collapsed at 500 ℃. For three kinds of oils, the oil absorption rate of grapefruit endothelial particles treated at 400 ℃for 3 h was highest. If the pyrolysis time is prolonged or the modification temperature is increased, the oil absorption rate will be reduced. After repeated use of 10 times, the oil absorption rate of untreated pomelo endothelium on engine oil, olive oil, and rapeseed oil were declined by 43.04%, 42.11%, 33.05% respectively, while pomelo endothelium treated at 400 ℃for 5 h, declined by 41.36%, 34.92%, 28.54%, the recycling ability of pomelo peel by pyrolysis was enhanced.
The pomelo peel was used to prepare oil-absorbing material by pyrolysis modification, its chemical structure and micromorphology of oil absorbing materials were studied, and the absorption of engine oil, olive oil and rapeseed oil on grapefruit endothelium treated at different temperatures were investigated. The research shows that the hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin in the grapefruit endotherm will be pyrolyzed in succession, and the micropores in materials will increase with the temperature increases. But the micropores should be collapsed at 500 ℃. For three kinds of oils, the oil absorption rate of grapefruit endothelial particles treated at 400 ℃for 3 h was highest. If the pyrolysis time is prolonged or the modification temperature is increased, the oil absorption rate will be reduced. After repeated use of 10 times, the oil absorption rate of untreated pomelo endothelium on engine oil, olive oil, and rapeseed oil were declined by 43.04%, 42.11%, 33.05% respectively, while pomelo endothelium treated at 400 ℃for 5 h, declined by 41.36%, 34.92%, 28.54%, the recycling ability of pomelo peel by pyrolysis was enhanced.
引文
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[3]刘生鹏,高秋,胡仙林,等.吸油材料的研究进展[J].武汉工程大学学报,2013,35(12):27-34.
[4]杨武,郑艳萍,王琴琴,等.高吸油树脂的合成及其性能研究[J].西北师范大学学报:自然科学版,2012,48(3):69-73.
[5]蓝舟琳.玉米秸秆的生物改性及其对石油吸附性能的研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2013.
[6]王泉泉,徐广标,王府梅.蒲绒纤维的吸油性能[J].东华大学学报:自然科学版,2010,36(1):26-29.
[7]刘玉东,刘东方,黎文豪,等.木棉-猪毛复合材料的吸油性能研究[J].化工新型材料,2012,40(11):43-45.
[8]周小三.木棉及木棉基复合吸油材料的吸油性能研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2011.
[9]任鹏程.茶籽壳改性吸附剂制备及其吸附性能研究[D].合肥:安徽农业大学,2014.
[10]唐兴平,程捷,林冠烽,等.竹纤维吸油材料的制备[J].福建林学院学报,2007,27(1):57-60.
[11]杨锟.植物纤维原料改性制备吸油材料的研究[D].南京:南京林业大学,2007.
[12]陈学榕,黄彪,江茂生,等.生态型木纤维吸油材料的制备与研究[J].福州大学学报:自然科学版,2006,34(3):383-387.
[13]黄胡阔,李范霞,高源,等.落叶松树皮改性制备生物质吸油材料的研究[J].现代化工,2011,31(增1):275-278.
[14]SRINIVASAN A,VIRARAGHAVAN T.Removal of oil by walnut shell media[J].Bioresource Technology,2008,99(17):8217-8220.
[15]梁敏,潘英明,唐明明,等.从柚子皮中提取膳食纤维的研究[J].化工技术与开发,2003,32(06):20-22.
[16]张明,吴煜,朱文明.用柚子皮提取果胶的工艺优化研究[J].河北化工,2006(6):42-43.
[17]邹君臣.柚子皮改性吸油材料的制备和性能研究[D].上海:上海大学,2015.