火腿肠饵料对红火蚁引诱效果的对比研究
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摘要
从火腿肠种类、诱饵放置距离、诱集时间3方面,对比研究12种火腿肠饵料对红火蚁的引诱效果。结果表明,猪肉以及脂类物质含量较高的蘑菇风味香肠、孜然风味香肠、特级火腿肠和盐水方腿香肠对红火蚁诱集效果最好,鸡肉火腿肠、玉米热狗肠、椰果烤香肠、原味烤香肠和香辣烤香肠对红火蚁工蚁的引诱效果次之,鱼肉肠、芝士鳕鱼肠和原味鳕鱼肠对红火蚁诱集效果相对较差。在试验设置距离范围内,距蚁巢20 cm和30 cm处各种火腿肠饵料的引诱效果最强,之后随着距离的增大引诱效果呈现下降趋势。蘑菇风味香肠、孜然风味香肠、特级火腿肠和盐水方腿香肠对红火蚁的持续诱集时间短于鱼肉肠、芝士鳕鱼肠和原味鳕鱼肠等,但最大召集红火蚁量高于后者,且能较快达到最大召集量。综上,猪肉以及脂类物质较多且肉香味浓郁的蘑菇风味香肠、孜然风味香肠、特级火腿肠和盐水方腿香肠对红火蚁引诱效果最好,诱集范围广,召集速度快,可优先选作红火蚁疫情调查与监测的诱饵。
The attraction effect of 12 kinds of ham sausage baits on the worker ants of red imported fire ant(Solenopsis invicta Buren) was measured from 3 aspects including ham sausage kind, baits distance and attraction time. The results indicated that the attraction effects of baits with pork and high lipid content, i.e., mushroom flavored sausage, cumin flavored sausage, special grade ham sausage and saltwater square ham sausage were the best, and were followed by the chicken sausage, corn hot dog, coconut roast sausage, roast sausage, spicy roast sausage, while the effects of fish sausage, cheese cod sausage and original cod sausage were relatively poor. For the experimental setting distance, the attractive efficiency was the strongest at 20 cm and 30 cm from ant hills, and fell down with the distance increasing. Although mushroom flavored sausage, cumin flavored sausage, special grade ham sausage and saltwater square ham sausage had a shorter convened duration than fish sausage, cheese cod sausage, original cod sausage, the maximum number of workers convened by them were higher than the laters, and they reached the maximum convening amount faster. In summary, mushroom flavored sausage, cumin flavored sausage, special grade ham sausage and saltwater square ham sausage had the strongest attraction effect on red imported fire ant, with wider convened range and faster convened speed. They were the best choice in the view of investigation and monitoring on red imported fire ant.
The attraction effect of 12 kinds of ham sausage baits on the worker ants of red imported fire ant(Solenopsis invicta Buren) was measured from 3 aspects including ham sausage kind, baits distance and attraction time. The results indicated that the attraction effects of baits with pork and high lipid content, i.e., mushroom flavored sausage, cumin flavored sausage, special grade ham sausage and saltwater square ham sausage were the best, and were followed by the chicken sausage, corn hot dog, coconut roast sausage, roast sausage, spicy roast sausage, while the effects of fish sausage, cheese cod sausage and original cod sausage were relatively poor. For the experimental setting distance, the attractive efficiency was the strongest at 20 cm and 30 cm from ant hills, and fell down with the distance increasing. Although mushroom flavored sausage, cumin flavored sausage, special grade ham sausage and saltwater square ham sausage had a shorter convened duration than fish sausage, cheese cod sausage, original cod sausage, the maximum number of workers convened by them were higher than the laters, and they reached the maximum convening amount faster. In summary, mushroom flavored sausage, cumin flavored sausage, special grade ham sausage and saltwater square ham sausage had the strongest attraction effect on red imported fire ant, with wider convened range and faster convened speed. They were the best choice in the view of investigation and monitoring on red imported fire ant.
引文
[1] ASCUNCE M S, YANG C C, OAKEY J, et al. Global invasion history of the fire ant Solenopsis invicta[J]. Science, 2011, 331(6020): 1066-1068.
[2] ALLEN C R, LUTZ R S, DEMARAIS S. Red imported fire ant impacts on northern bobwhite populations[J]. Ecological Applications, 1995, 5(3): 632-638.
[3] STEWART J W, VINSON S B. Red imported fire ant damage to commercial cucumber and sunflower plants[J]. Southwestern Entomologist, 1991, 16(2): 168-176.
[4] KLOTZ J H, JETTER K M, GREENBERG L, et al. An insect pest of agricultural, urban, and wildlife areas: the red imported fire ant[M]//Exotic pests and diseases: biology and economics for biosecurity. Iowa, USA: Iowa State Press, 2008: 151-166.
[5] 曾玲, 陆永跃, 何晓芳, 等. 入侵中国大陆的红火蚁的鉴定及发生为害调查[J].昆虫知识, 2005, 42(2):144-148. ZENG L, LU Y Y, HE X F, et al. Identification of red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, to invade mainland China and infestation in Wuchuan, Guangdong[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology, 2005, 42(2): 144-148.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[6] 黄俊, 吕要斌. 重大外来有害生物红火蚁入侵杭州的风险分析及防控对策[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2017, 29(4): 676-682.HUANG J, LYU Y B. The invading risk analysis and control countermeasure of red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta(Hymenoptera: Formicidae) invaded Hangzhou,China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2017, 29(4): 676-682.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[7] 方栋栋, 余道坚, 杨伟东, 等. 红火蚁监测盒研制和在集装箱检疫中的应用研究[J]. 植物检疫, 2011, 25(2): 6-9.FANG D D, YU D J, YANG W D, et al. Development of Solenopsis invicta monitor and the application studies in container quarantine[J]. Plant Quarantine, 2011, 25(2): 6-9.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[8] 许益镌, 陆永跃, 曾玲, 等. 几种饵料对红火蚁觅食的引诱作用[J]. 昆虫知识, 2006, 43(6): 856-857.XU Y J, LU Y Y, ZENG L, et al. Attraction of several baits to workers of red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology, 2006, 43(6): 856-857. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[9] ALLEN C R, LUTZ R S, DEMARAIS S. Red imported fire ant impacts on northern bobwhite populations[J]. Ecological Applications, 1995, 5(3): 632-638.
[10] 黄俊, 陆永跃, 曾玲, 等. 不同放置方式的诱饵对红火蚁的诱集作用比较[J]. 华南农业大学学报, 2007, 28(4): 23-25.HUANG J, LU Y Y, ZENG L, et al. Attraction effect comparison of different setting forms of bait for Solenopsis invicta[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 2007, 28(4): 23-25.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[11] STRINGER L D, SUCKLING D M, BAIRD D, et al. Sampling efficacy for the red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta(Hymenoptera: Formicidae)[J]. Environmental Entomology, 2011, 40(5): 1276-1284. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[12] 钟平生, 赵瑾, 张颂声, 等. 6种饵料对红火蚁(Solenopsis invicta)引诱效果的测定[J]. 安徽农业大学学报, 2009, 36(1):22-25.ZHONG P S, ZHAO J, ZHANG S S, et al. Attraction of baits to the workers of red imported fire ants[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural University, 2009, 36(1): 22-25. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[13] GIBBONS L, SIMBERLOFF D. Interaction of hybrid imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta × S. richteri) with native ants at baits in southeastern Tennessee[J]. Southeastern Naturalist, 2005, 4(2): 303-320.
[14] HARVEY C T, EUBANKS M D. Effect of habitat complexity on biological control by the red imported fire ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in collards[J]. Biological Control, 2004, 29(3): 348-358.
[15] 梁小松, 张强, 庄永林,等. 红火蚁诱捕技术[J]. 应用生态学报, 2007, 18(6):1403-1406.LIANG X S, ZHANG Q, ZHUANG Y L, et al. Trapping techniques for Solenopsis invicta[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2007, 18(6): 1403-1406.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[16] 许益镌, 陆永跃, 曾玲,等. 华南地区典型生境中红火蚁觅食行为及工蚁召集规律[J]. 生态学报, 2007, 27(3): 855-861.XU Y J, LU Y Y, ZENG L, et al. Foraging behavior and recruitment of red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in typical habitats of South China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2007, 27(3): 855-861. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2] ALLEN C R, LUTZ R S, DEMARAIS S. Red imported fire ant impacts on northern bobwhite populations[J]. Ecological Applications, 1995, 5(3): 632-638.
[3] STEWART J W, VINSON S B. Red imported fire ant damage to commercial cucumber and sunflower plants[J]. Southwestern Entomologist, 1991, 16(2): 168-176.
[4] KLOTZ J H, JETTER K M, GREENBERG L, et al. An insect pest of agricultural, urban, and wildlife areas: the red imported fire ant[M]//Exotic pests and diseases: biology and economics for biosecurity. Iowa, USA: Iowa State Press, 2008: 151-166.
[5] 曾玲, 陆永跃, 何晓芳, 等. 入侵中国大陆的红火蚁的鉴定及发生为害调查[J].昆虫知识, 2005, 42(2):144-148. ZENG L, LU Y Y, HE X F, et al. Identification of red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, to invade mainland China and infestation in Wuchuan, Guangdong[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology, 2005, 42(2): 144-148.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[6] 黄俊, 吕要斌. 重大外来有害生物红火蚁入侵杭州的风险分析及防控对策[J]. 浙江农业学报, 2017, 29(4): 676-682.HUANG J, LYU Y B. The invading risk analysis and control countermeasure of red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta(Hymenoptera: Formicidae) invaded Hangzhou,China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis, 2017, 29(4): 676-682.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[7] 方栋栋, 余道坚, 杨伟东, 等. 红火蚁监测盒研制和在集装箱检疫中的应用研究[J]. 植物检疫, 2011, 25(2): 6-9.FANG D D, YU D J, YANG W D, et al. Development of Solenopsis invicta monitor and the application studies in container quarantine[J]. Plant Quarantine, 2011, 25(2): 6-9.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[8] 许益镌, 陆永跃, 曾玲, 等. 几种饵料对红火蚁觅食的引诱作用[J]. 昆虫知识, 2006, 43(6): 856-857.XU Y J, LU Y Y, ZENG L, et al. Attraction of several baits to workers of red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta[J]. Chinese Bulletin of Entomology, 2006, 43(6): 856-857. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[9] ALLEN C R, LUTZ R S, DEMARAIS S. Red imported fire ant impacts on northern bobwhite populations[J]. Ecological Applications, 1995, 5(3): 632-638.
[10] 黄俊, 陆永跃, 曾玲, 等. 不同放置方式的诱饵对红火蚁的诱集作用比较[J]. 华南农业大学学报, 2007, 28(4): 23-25.HUANG J, LU Y Y, ZENG L, et al. Attraction effect comparison of different setting forms of bait for Solenopsis invicta[J]. Journal of South China Agricultural University, 2007, 28(4): 23-25.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[11] STRINGER L D, SUCKLING D M, BAIRD D, et al. Sampling efficacy for the red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta(Hymenoptera: Formicidae)[J]. Environmental Entomology, 2011, 40(5): 1276-1284. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[12] 钟平生, 赵瑾, 张颂声, 等. 6种饵料对红火蚁(Solenopsis invicta)引诱效果的测定[J]. 安徽农业大学学报, 2009, 36(1):22-25.ZHONG P S, ZHAO J, ZHANG S S, et al. Attraction of baits to the workers of red imported fire ants[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural University, 2009, 36(1): 22-25. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[13] GIBBONS L, SIMBERLOFF D. Interaction of hybrid imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta × S. richteri) with native ants at baits in southeastern Tennessee[J]. Southeastern Naturalist, 2005, 4(2): 303-320.
[14] HARVEY C T, EUBANKS M D. Effect of habitat complexity on biological control by the red imported fire ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in collards[J]. Biological Control, 2004, 29(3): 348-358.
[15] 梁小松, 张强, 庄永林,等. 红火蚁诱捕技术[J]. 应用生态学报, 2007, 18(6):1403-1406.LIANG X S, ZHANG Q, ZHUANG Y L, et al. Trapping techniques for Solenopsis invicta[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2007, 18(6): 1403-1406.(in Chinese with English abstract)
[16] 许益镌, 陆永跃, 曾玲,等. 华南地区典型生境中红火蚁觅食行为及工蚁召集规律[J]. 生态学报, 2007, 27(3): 855-861.XU Y J, LU Y Y, ZENG L, et al. Foraging behavior and recruitment of red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in typical habitats of South China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2007, 27(3): 855-861. (in Chinese with English abstract)