云南间作大豆耐荫性综合评价及鉴定指标筛选
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摘要
本文旨在探讨不同基因型大豆品种的耐荫特性,筛选出耐荫性鉴定指标,建立可用于耐荫性评价的数学模型。以44个大豆品种(系)为试验材料,在玉米-大豆间作下创设的自然荫蔽条件开展耐荫性鉴定,净种大豆作为对照。在各参试材料植株成熟期调查10个主要形态性状和产量性状,以各指标的耐荫系数为基础,采用多元统计方法对大豆的耐荫性进行综合评价。结果表明:与对照相比,受荫蔽胁迫后,参试材料的各性状变化趋势及幅度不同,各指标间都有不同程度的相关性。通过主成分分析,将10个单项指标转换为4个相互独立的综合指标,代表了全部数据79. 77%信息量。利用隶属函数法计算综合耐荫评价值(D),并对其进行系统聚类,将44个大豆品种(系)按照耐荫性强弱分为了强耐荫、中等耐荫和弱耐荫3大类。通过逐步回归建立了大豆耐荫性评价数学模型,并筛选出株高、主茎节数、有效分枝数、单株荚数、单株粒数、单株产量、每荚粒数和倒伏8个性状可作为云南省间作大豆耐荫性鉴定指标。
The main purpose of the present study was to explore the methods of evaluating shade tolerance,analyze the shade tolerance of different soybean genotypes,screen suitable evaluation indicators of shade tolerance,and establish a mathematical evaluation model of shade tolerance. 44 soybean cultivars( lines) were treated under shading and natural light conditions in a field experiment. Corn-soybean intercropping system created the shading conditions in the field,and soybean single planting was used as control. 10 major morphological and yield characteristics of soybean cultivars( lines) were investigated during the mature period,based on the coefficient of the shade tolerance in each index,the shade tolerance of soybeans was evaluated with multivariate statistical method.The results showed that compared with the control,the changing trend of each characteristic and amplitude were different,each index existed in varying degrees of correlation. 4 independent comprehensive components were obtained from 10 single index by principal component analysis,which reflected 79. 77% information of all traits information. The method of membership function was adopted to calculate comprehensive shade tolerance value( D) and make cluster analysis,and 44 soybean cultivars( lines) were divided into 3 shade tolerance types,Class I was the high shade tolerance type,and Class II was the medium shade tolerance type. Class III was the low shade tolerance type. A mathematical evaluation model for shade tolerance of soybean was established by stepwise regression analysis. Based on the model,8 index including plant height,main stem node number,effective branch,pods per plant,seeds per plant,yield per plant,seeds per pod and lodging could be used for identifing intercropping soybean varieties to shade tolerance in Yunnan Province.
The main purpose of the present study was to explore the methods of evaluating shade tolerance,analyze the shade tolerance of different soybean genotypes,screen suitable evaluation indicators of shade tolerance,and establish a mathematical evaluation model of shade tolerance. 44 soybean cultivars( lines) were treated under shading and natural light conditions in a field experiment. Corn-soybean intercropping system created the shading conditions in the field,and soybean single planting was used as control. 10 major morphological and yield characteristics of soybean cultivars( lines) were investigated during the mature period,based on the coefficient of the shade tolerance in each index,the shade tolerance of soybeans was evaluated with multivariate statistical method.The results showed that compared with the control,the changing trend of each characteristic and amplitude were different,each index existed in varying degrees of correlation. 4 independent comprehensive components were obtained from 10 single index by principal component analysis,which reflected 79. 77% information of all traits information. The method of membership function was adopted to calculate comprehensive shade tolerance value( D) and make cluster analysis,and 44 soybean cultivars( lines) were divided into 3 shade tolerance types,Class I was the high shade tolerance type,and Class II was the medium shade tolerance type. Class III was the low shade tolerance type. A mathematical evaluation model for shade tolerance of soybean was established by stepwise regression analysis. Based on the model,8 index including plant height,main stem node number,effective branch,pods per plant,seeds per plant,yield per plant,seeds per pod and lodging could be used for identifing intercropping soybean varieties to shade tolerance in Yunnan Province.
引文
[1]付景,李潮海,赵久然,等.玉米品种耐阴性指标的筛选与评价[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(11):2 705-2 709.
[2]王一,杨文钰,张霞,等.不同生育时期遮阴对大豆形态性状和产量的影响[J].作物学报,2013,39(10):1 871-1 879.
[3] Bedhairy T G. Effect of intercropping patterns on soybeangrowth and photosynthetic apparatus[J]. Egypt J PhysiolSci,1994,18(1):168-178.
[4] Sharma K,Walia N,Sharma K. Growth and yield of soy-bean Glycine max(L.)Merrill. as influenced by lightintensity and cytokinin[J]. Environ Ecol,1996,14(2):307-310.
[5]于晓波,张明荣,吴海英,等.净套作下不同耐荫性大豆品种农艺性状及产量分布的研究[J].大豆科学,2012,31(5):757-761.
[6]李初英,孙祖东,陈怀珠,等.不同时期接受遮光胁迫对大豆产量性状及产量的影响[J].西南农业学报,2006,19(2):265-269.
[7]武晓玲,谭千军,陈钒杰,等.大豆苗期茎秆相关性状对荫蔽的响应.植物遗传资源学报[J]. 2015,16(5):1 111-1 116.
[8]刘卫国,邹俊林,袁晋,等.套作大豆农艺性状研究[J].中国油料作物学报,2014,36(2):219-223.
[9]罗玲,于晓波,万燕,等.套作大豆苗期倒伏与茎秆内源赤霉素代谢的关系[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(13):2 528-2 537.
[10]陈怀珠,孙祖东,杨守臻,等.荫蔽对大豆主要性状的影响及大豆耐荫性鉴定方法研究初报[J].中国油料作物学报,2003,25(4):78-82.
[11]黄其椿,李初英,赵洪涛,等.菜用大豆种质资源遮光胁迫下的耐阴性研究[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(6):2 212-2 217.
[12]李春红,姚兴东,鞠宝韬,等.不同基因型大豆耐荫性分析及其鉴定指标的筛选[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(15):2 927-2 939.
[13]武晓玲,梁海媛,杨峰,等.大豆苗期耐荫性综合评价及其鉴定指标的筛选[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(13):2 497-2 507.
[14]孙祖东,张志鹏,蔡昭艳,等.大豆耐荫性评价体系的建立与中国南方大豆资源耐荫性变异[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(5):792-801.
[15]盖钧镒,汪越胜.中国大豆品种生态区域划分的研究[J].中国农业科学,2001,34(2):139-145.
[16]邱丽娟,常汝镇,刘章雄,等.大豆种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006,60-61.
[17]谢志坚.农业科学中的模糊数学方法[M].武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1983,99-193.
[18]唐启义. DPS数据处理系统第二卷现代统计及数据挖掘[M].北京:科技出版社,2013,576-582.
[19]董钻.大豆产量生理[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000,56. DONG Z.
[20]韩天富,盖钧镒,王金陵,等.大豆开花逆转现象的发现[J].作物学报,1998,24(2):168-171.
[21]王竹,杨文钰,吴其林.玉/豆套作荫蔽对大豆光合特性与产量的影响[J].作物学报,2007,33(9):1 502-1 507.
[22]范元芳,刘沁林,王锐,等.玉米-大豆带状间作对大豆生长、光合荧光特性及产量的影响[J].核农学报,2017,31(5):972-978.
[23]殷东生,沈海龙.森林植物耐荫性及其形态和生理适应性研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(8):2 687-2 698.
[24]武辉,侯丽丽,周艳飞,等.不同棉花基因型幼苗耐寒性分析及其鉴定指标筛选[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(9):1 703-1 713.
[25]罗俊杰,欧巧明,叶春雷,等.重要胡麻栽培品种的抗旱性综合评价及指标筛选[J].作物学报,2014,40(7):1 259-1 273.
[26]赵银月,黄国贤,詹和明,等.云南省适宜与玉米间作大豆品种的筛选与鉴定[J].大豆科学,2018,37(1):75-80.
[2]王一,杨文钰,张霞,等.不同生育时期遮阴对大豆形态性状和产量的影响[J].作物学报,2013,39(10):1 871-1 879.
[3] Bedhairy T G. Effect of intercropping patterns on soybeangrowth and photosynthetic apparatus[J]. Egypt J PhysiolSci,1994,18(1):168-178.
[4] Sharma K,Walia N,Sharma K. Growth and yield of soy-bean Glycine max(L.)Merrill. as influenced by lightintensity and cytokinin[J]. Environ Ecol,1996,14(2):307-310.
[5]于晓波,张明荣,吴海英,等.净套作下不同耐荫性大豆品种农艺性状及产量分布的研究[J].大豆科学,2012,31(5):757-761.
[6]李初英,孙祖东,陈怀珠,等.不同时期接受遮光胁迫对大豆产量性状及产量的影响[J].西南农业学报,2006,19(2):265-269.
[7]武晓玲,谭千军,陈钒杰,等.大豆苗期茎秆相关性状对荫蔽的响应.植物遗传资源学报[J]. 2015,16(5):1 111-1 116.
[8]刘卫国,邹俊林,袁晋,等.套作大豆农艺性状研究[J].中国油料作物学报,2014,36(2):219-223.
[9]罗玲,于晓波,万燕,等.套作大豆苗期倒伏与茎秆内源赤霉素代谢的关系[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(13):2 528-2 537.
[10]陈怀珠,孙祖东,杨守臻,等.荫蔽对大豆主要性状的影响及大豆耐荫性鉴定方法研究初报[J].中国油料作物学报,2003,25(4):78-82.
[11]黄其椿,李初英,赵洪涛,等.菜用大豆种质资源遮光胁迫下的耐阴性研究[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(6):2 212-2 217.
[12]李春红,姚兴东,鞠宝韬,等.不同基因型大豆耐荫性分析及其鉴定指标的筛选[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(15):2 927-2 939.
[13]武晓玲,梁海媛,杨峰,等.大豆苗期耐荫性综合评价及其鉴定指标的筛选[J].中国农业科学,2015,48(13):2 497-2 507.
[14]孙祖东,张志鹏,蔡昭艳,等.大豆耐荫性评价体系的建立与中国南方大豆资源耐荫性变异[J].中国农业科学,2017,50(5):792-801.
[15]盖钧镒,汪越胜.中国大豆品种生态区域划分的研究[J].中国农业科学,2001,34(2):139-145.
[16]邱丽娟,常汝镇,刘章雄,等.大豆种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006,60-61.
[17]谢志坚.农业科学中的模糊数学方法[M].武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1983,99-193.
[18]唐启义. DPS数据处理系统第二卷现代统计及数据挖掘[M].北京:科技出版社,2013,576-582.
[19]董钻.大豆产量生理[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000,56. DONG Z.
[20]韩天富,盖钧镒,王金陵,等.大豆开花逆转现象的发现[J].作物学报,1998,24(2):168-171.
[21]王竹,杨文钰,吴其林.玉/豆套作荫蔽对大豆光合特性与产量的影响[J].作物学报,2007,33(9):1 502-1 507.
[22]范元芳,刘沁林,王锐,等.玉米-大豆带状间作对大豆生长、光合荧光特性及产量的影响[J].核农学报,2017,31(5):972-978.
[23]殷东生,沈海龙.森林植物耐荫性及其形态和生理适应性研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(8):2 687-2 698.
[24]武辉,侯丽丽,周艳飞,等.不同棉花基因型幼苗耐寒性分析及其鉴定指标筛选[J].中国农业科学,2012,45(9):1 703-1 713.
[25]罗俊杰,欧巧明,叶春雷,等.重要胡麻栽培品种的抗旱性综合评价及指标筛选[J].作物学报,2014,40(7):1 259-1 273.
[26]赵银月,黄国贤,詹和明,等.云南省适宜与玉米间作大豆品种的筛选与鉴定[J].大豆科学,2018,37(1):75-80.