不同溶剂萃取对分蘖洋葱根系分泌物化感作用的影响
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摘要
以分蘖洋葱品种为"绥化"试材,研究了正丁醇、乙酸乙酯、乙醚和三氯甲烷4种不同极性有机溶剂萃取的分蘖洋葱根系分泌物组分对番茄种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,以研究不同溶剂萃取对分蘖洋葱根系分泌物化感作用的影响。结果表明:乙酸乙酯萃取条件下的分蘖洋葱根系分泌物组分的化感作用最强,能够显著降低番茄种子发芽率,明显抑制番茄根系及幼苗的生长。因此,乙酸乙酯能够较好的萃取分蘖洋葱根系分泌物的强活性化感组分,可以作为分蘖洋葱根系分泌物研究过程中的主要萃取相。
In order to study the allelopathy of different separation in potato onion root exudates,n-butyl alcohol,ethyl acetate,aether and chloroform were used to extract the potato onion root exudates,and the effect of the four different extractions on tomato′s seed germination and seedling growth was studied.The results showed that,the allelopathy of ethyl acetate separation component was the strongest,and it could suppress the seed germination and seedling growth of tomato.Therefore,ethyl acetate could separate the potato onion root exudates better and could be the extract phase when further study the component of potato onion root exudates.
In order to study the allelopathy of different separation in potato onion root exudates,n-butyl alcohol,ethyl acetate,aether and chloroform were used to extract the potato onion root exudates,and the effect of the four different extractions on tomato′s seed germination and seedling growth was studied.The results showed that,the allelopathy of ethyl acetate separation component was the strongest,and it could suppress the seed germination and seedling growth of tomato.Therefore,ethyl acetate could separate the potato onion root exudates better and could be the extract phase when further study the component of potato onion root exudates.
引文
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[2] GARLAND G,BNEMANN E K,OBERSON A,et al.Plant-mediated rhizospheric interactions in maize-pigeon pea intercropping enhance soil aggregation and organic phosphorus storage[J].Plant and Soil,2017,415(1-2):37-55.
[3] CARRUTHERS K,PRITHIVIRAJ B,FE Q,et al.Intercropping corn with soybean,lupin and forages:Yield component responses[J].European Journal of Agronomy,2000(12):103-115.
[4]赵杨景.植物化感作用在药用植物栽培中的重要性和应用前景[J].中草药,2000,31(8):1-4.
[5]姜丽,孙玉文,刘景安.分葱对黄瓜、萝卜和白菜的化感作用[J].中国农学通报,2007(2):263-266.
[6] EISENHAUER N,LANOUE A,STRECKER T,et al.Root biomass and exudates link plant diversity with soil bacterial and fungal biomass[J].Scientific Reports,2017(7):44641.
[7] HUANG X F,CHAPARRO J M,REARDON K F,et al.Rhizosphere interactions:Root exudates,microbes,and microbial communities[J].Botany,2014,92(4):267-275.
[8] PRITHIVIRAJ B,PASCHKE M W,VIVANCO J M.Root communication:The role of root exudates[J].Encyclopedia of Plant and Crop Science,2017(1):1-4.
[9] BAIS H P,VEPACHEDU R,GILROY S,et al.Allelopathy and exotic plant invasion:From molecules and genes to species interactions[J].Science,2003,301:1377-1380.
[10]WESTON L A,ALSADAWI I S,BAERSON S R.Sorghum allelopathy from ecosystem to molecule[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology,2013,39:142-153.
[11]HABIB N,IQBAL Z,HIRADATE S,et al.Allelopathic potential of Robinia pseudoacacia L[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology,2005,31:2179-2193.
[12]WU X,WU F,ZHOU X,et al.Effects of intercropping with potato onion on the growth of tomato and rhizosphere alkaline phosphatase genes diversity[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2016(7):846.
[13]吴瑕,吴凤芝,周新刚.分蘖洋葱伴生对番茄矿质养分吸收及灰霉病发生的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015(21):734-742.
[14]YU H,CHEN S,ZHOU X,et al.Root interactions and tomato growth in tomato/potato onion companion-cropping system under different phosphorus levels[J].Journal of Plant Interactions,2017(12):438-446.
[15]FU X,LI C,ZHOU X,et al.Physiological response and sulfur metabolism of the V.dahliae-infected tomato plants in tomato/potato onion companion cropping[J].Scientific Reports,2016(6):36445.
[16]LI M,LI S,ZHOU X,et al.Effects of cover crops on cucumber growth,soil microbial communities and soil phenolic content[J].Allelopathy Journal,2016,37(2):161-174.
[17]REN L,SU S,YANG X,et al.Intercropping with aerobic rice suppressed Fusarium wilt in watermelon[J].Soil Biol Biochem,2008,40:834-844.
[18]HAO W Y,REN L X,RAN W,et al.Allelopathic effects of root exudates from watermelon and rice plants on Fusarium oxysporumf.sp.niveum[J].Plant Soil,2010,336:485-497.
[19]郭修武,李娜,李坤,等.葡萄根系分泌物与腐解物不同萃取组分的化感效应[J].吉林农业大学学报,2012,34(6):634-638.
[20]王明道,陈红歌,刘新育,等.地黄对芝麻的化感作用及其化感物质的分离鉴定[J].植物生态学报,2009,33(6):1191-1198.
[21]周艳丽.大蒜(Allium sativum L.)根系分泌物的化感作用研究及化感物质鉴定[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2007.
[22]徐鹏,程智慧,梁静,等.百合根系分泌物中不同组分的化感作用[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(11):167-172.
[23]王璞,赵秀琴.几种化感物质对棉花种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2001(3):26-31.
[24]孔垂华,胡飞.植物化感(相生相克)作用及其应用[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001.
[25]梁斌,袁亚莉,谷文祥,等.薇甘菊化感作用的初步研究[J].杂草科学,2006(1).21-23.
[26]周艳丽,王艳,李金英,等.大蒜根系分泌物的化感作用[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(5):1368-1372.
[27]程智慧,耿广东,张素勤,等.辣椒对莴苣的化感作用及其成分分析[J].园艺学报,2005(1):100.
[28]王玉萍,赵杨景,邵迪,等.西洋参根系分泌物的初步研究[J].中国中药杂志,2005,30(3):229-231.