模块化多电平换流器电容电压优化均衡法研究
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摘要
在模块化多电平换流器的传统子模块电容电压排序均衡方法中,算法排序在子模块数目较多的情况下存在运算量大、开关动作频繁等缺陷。因此,为了减少子模块排序运算量,降低开关频率,该文提出了基于改进归并排序的MMC电容电压均衡法。首先,对引入的归并排序算法均衡工作机理展开了简要叙述,在此基础上,针对算法单次排序比较次数高对算法进行优化处理,进而减少了单次排序运算过程中算法所需的比较次数;并立足于简化后的归并排序算法,引入子模块之间的最大电压偏差比例值,实现降低排序频率与开关损耗,从而形成了具有优越性能的改进归并排序均压控制方法。最后,运用Matlab/Simulink仿真平台搭建了模块化多电平换流器的直流侧电容电压均压控制模型验证所提改进归并排序均压方法的可行性与有效性。
In the traditional sorting equalization method of sub-module capacitor voltage for the modular multi-level converter, the algorithm sorting has many disadvantages such as the large calculation and frequent switching action when the number of sub-modules is large. Therefore, an MMC capacitor voltage equalization method is proposed on the basis of the improved merge sorting in order to reduce the sub-module sorting operation and also reduce the switching frequency. Firstly, this paper briefly introduces the equilibrium working mechanism of the merged sorting algorithm. Then, the algorithm for the single-order sorting comparison is optimized to reduce the times of comparison in the single sorting process. Based on the simplified merge sort algorithm, the maximum voltage deviation ratio among sub-modules is introduced to reduce the sorting frequency and switching loss. Thus an improved control method based on the merge sorting equalization is then formed with superior performance. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of modified merging and equalizing method for capacitor voltage equalization control model at the DC-side of modular multilevel converter are verified by using the Matlab/Simulink simulation platform.
In the traditional sorting equalization method of sub-module capacitor voltage for the modular multi-level converter, the algorithm sorting has many disadvantages such as the large calculation and frequent switching action when the number of sub-modules is large. Therefore, an MMC capacitor voltage equalization method is proposed on the basis of the improved merge sorting in order to reduce the sub-module sorting operation and also reduce the switching frequency. Firstly, this paper briefly introduces the equilibrium working mechanism of the merged sorting algorithm. Then, the algorithm for the single-order sorting comparison is optimized to reduce the times of comparison in the single sorting process. Based on the simplified merge sort algorithm, the maximum voltage deviation ratio among sub-modules is introduced to reduce the sorting frequency and switching loss. Thus an improved control method based on the merge sorting equalization is then formed with superior performance. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of modified merging and equalizing method for capacitor voltage equalization control model at the DC-side of modular multilevel converter are verified by using the Matlab/Simulink simulation platform.
引文
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[19]林楚乔,江守其,陈厚合.MMC-HVDC数模混合仿真功率接口算法研究[J].东北电力大学学报,2016,36(2):1-6.LIN Chu-qiao,JIANG Shou-qi,CHEN Hou-he.An improved interface algorithm of power hardware-in-the-loop simulation for MMC-HVDC [J].Journal of Northeast Electric Power University,2016,36(2):1-6.
[20]张建坡,赵成勇,孙一莹,等.基于电压源换流器型直流输电拓扑结构和调制策略[J].电网技术,2013,37(6):1 732-1 738.ZHANG Jian-bo,ZHAO Cheng-yong,SUN Yi-ying,et al.Research on topological structure and control strategy for voltage source converter-based direct curent power transmission [J],Power System Technology,2013,37(6):1 732-1 738.
[21]涂小刚,李海峰,刘崇茹,等.模块化多电平换流器调制策略对比[J].中国电力,2014,47(2):48-52.TU Xiao-gang,LI Hai-feng,LIU Chong-ru,et al.Comparison of different modulation methods for modular multilevel converter [J],Electric Power,2014,47(2):48-52.
[2]徐政,屠卿瑞,管敏渊,等.柔性直流输电系统[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2012.
[3]王广柱,孙常鹏,刘汝峰,等.基于桥臂电流控制的模块化多电平变换器综合控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(2):458-464.WANG Guang-zhu,SUN Chang-peng,LIU Ru-feng,et al.Modular multilevel converter control strategy based on arm current control [J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(2):458-464.
[4]丁冠军,丁明,汤广福,等.新型多电平VSC子模块电容参数与均压策略[J],中国电机工程学报,2009,29(30):1-6.DING Guan-jun,DING Ming,TANG Guang-fu,et al.Sub module capacitance parameter and voltage balancing scheme of a new multilevel VSC modular[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(30):1-6.
[5]何英杰,付亚斌,段文岩.一种星接H桥级联型SVG直流侧电压均衡控制方法研究[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(11):13-21.HE Ying-jie,FU Ya-bin,DUAN Wen-yan.Research on DC voltage balancing control method of star connection cascaded h Bridge static var generator[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(11):13-21.
[6]管敏渊,徐政,等.模块化多电平换流器型直流输电的调制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(2):48-52.GUAN Min-yuan,XU Zheng.Nearest level modulation for modular multilevel converters in HVDC transmission[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(2):48-52.
[7]辛业春,王朝斌,李国庆,等.模块化多电平换流器子模块电容电压平衡改进控制方法[J].电网技术,2014,38(5):1 291-1 296.XIN Ye-chun,WANG Chao-bin,LI Guo-qing,et al.An improved balance control for sun-module capacitor voltage of modular multilevel converter[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(5):1 291-1 296.
[8]陆翌,王朝亮,等.一种模块化多电平换流器的子模块优化均压方法[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(3):52-58.LU Yi,WANG Chao-liang,et al.An optimized method for balancing sub-module voltages in modular multilevel converts[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(3):52-58.
[9]彭茂兰,赵成勇,刘兴华,等.采用质因子分解法的模块流器电容电压平衡优化算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(33):5 846-5 853.PENG Mao-lan,ZHAO Cheng-yong,LIU Xing-hua,et al.An optimized capacitor voltage balancing control algorithm for modular multilevel converter employing prime factorization method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(33):5 846-5 853.
[10]林周宏,刘崇茹,等.模块化多电平换流器的子模块电容电压分层均压控制法[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(7):175-181.LIN Hong-zhou,LIU Chong-ru,et al.A stratified voltage balancing control method of sub-module capacitor voltage for modular multilevel converter[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(7):175-181.
[11]何智鹏,许建中,等.采用质因子分解法与希尔排序算法的MMC电容均压策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(12):2 980-2 988.HE Zhi-peng,XU Jian-zhong,et al.A capacitor voltage balancing strategy adopting prime factorization method and shell sorting algorithm for modular multilevel converter[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(12):2 980-2 988.
[12]科曼.算法导论[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006.
[13]谭浩强.C程序设计教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2013.
[14]翁汉琍,李雪华,潘本仁,等.HVDC换流站换流器桥差保护动作行为的仿真分析[J].电力科学与技术学报,2015,30(4):34-39.WENG Han-li,LI Xue-hua,PAN Ben-ren,et al.Simulation analysis of action behaviors for bridge differential protection in HVDC converter station[J].Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology,2015,30(4):34-39.
[15]陈世和,张曦,潘凤萍,等.VSC-HVDC供电无源电网的频率控制策略[J].电力科学与技术学报,2015,30(2):87-91.CHEN Shi-he,ZHANG Xi,PAN Feng-ping,et al.Frequency control of passive power grid with VSC-HVDC supply [J].Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology,2015,30(2):87-91.
[16]刘正茂,唐欣,肖茂.连接VSC-HVDC的弱电网低频振荡研究[J].电力科学与技术学报,2016,31(1):34-40.LIU Zheng-mao,TANG Xin,XIAO Mao.Study on low frequency ascillation of weak grid connected to VSC-HVDC[J].Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology,2016,31(1):34-40.
[17]刘长富,张玉龙,竺炜,等.基于MMC的多端直流输电系统下垂控制策略[J].电力科学与技术学报,2017,32(2):47-53.LIU Chang-fu,ZHANG Yu-long,ZHU Wei,et al.Improved droop control strategy for MMC-MTDC system[J].Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology,2017,32(2):47-53.
[18]孙黎,胡峰,马成廉,等.基于载波移相的MMC逆变器调制方法研究[J].电网与清洁能源,2017,33(10):56-62.SUN Li,HU Feng,MA Cheng-lian,et al.Research on carrier phase shift modulation mode of the MMC inverter [J].Power System and Clean Energy,2017,33(10):56-62.
[19]林楚乔,江守其,陈厚合.MMC-HVDC数模混合仿真功率接口算法研究[J].东北电力大学学报,2016,36(2):1-6.LIN Chu-qiao,JIANG Shou-qi,CHEN Hou-he.An improved interface algorithm of power hardware-in-the-loop simulation for MMC-HVDC [J].Journal of Northeast Electric Power University,2016,36(2):1-6.
[20]张建坡,赵成勇,孙一莹,等.基于电压源换流器型直流输电拓扑结构和调制策略[J].电网技术,2013,37(6):1 732-1 738.ZHANG Jian-bo,ZHAO Cheng-yong,SUN Yi-ying,et al.Research on topological structure and control strategy for voltage source converter-based direct curent power transmission [J],Power System Technology,2013,37(6):1 732-1 738.
[21]涂小刚,李海峰,刘崇茹,等.模块化多电平换流器调制策略对比[J].中国电力,2014,47(2):48-52.TU Xiao-gang,LI Hai-feng,LIU Chong-ru,et al.Comparison of different modulation methods for modular multilevel converter [J],Electric Power,2014,47(2):48-52.