高温老化对CFRP/铝合金粘接接头失效的影响
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摘要
为了揭示碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)/铝合金粘接接头在高温环境中的老化失效规律,加工了处于剪应力、拉应力和拉剪组合应力状态的粘接接头,在高温(80℃)环境中分别进行了10、20、30、40、50天的老化测试,分析了失效强度、失效模式的变化规律,建立了失效准则响应面。结果表明:随着拉应力比例的增加,失效强度下降更明显,下降趋势由二次多项式向线性转变,失效模式由内聚失效转变为内聚、纤维撕裂和界面失效的混合失效模式,这主要是由CFRP老化引起的;失效准则响应面平均误差为3.0%,能够对不同应力状态下的接头进行失效预测。因此,在粘接结构中降低拉应力比例能够提高承载能力,同时在失效预测时需要考虑不同应力状态的影响。
To reveal the degradation rules of adhesively bonded Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic(CFRP)/aluminum alloy subjected to high temperature environment,adhesive joints under shear,normal and combined shear and normal stress states were manufactured,and degraded at 80 ℃(high temperature)for10,20,30,40,50 days. The failure strength and failure mode were analyzed,and a response surface of failure criterion was built for the failure prediction. Results show that with increasing proportion of normal stress,the failure strength decreases more obviously and the failure mode changes from cohesive failure to mixed failure of fiber tear,interface and cohesive,which is mainly caused by the degradation of CFRP.The average relative errors of the response surface of failure criterion is about 3.0%,which can be used to predict the failure of adhesive joints under different stress states. Therefore,it is necessary to reduce the proportion of normal stress in adhesively bonded CFRP/aluminum alloy joints to improve the load capacity.Besides,the effect of fiber tear has to be taken into consideration in the failure prediction of CFRP/aluminum alloy joints.
To reveal the degradation rules of adhesively bonded Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic(CFRP)/aluminum alloy subjected to high temperature environment,adhesive joints under shear,normal and combined shear and normal stress states were manufactured,and degraded at 80 ℃(high temperature)for10,20,30,40,50 days. The failure strength and failure mode were analyzed,and a response surface of failure criterion was built for the failure prediction. Results show that with increasing proportion of normal stress,the failure strength decreases more obviously and the failure mode changes from cohesive failure to mixed failure of fiber tear,interface and cohesive,which is mainly caused by the degradation of CFRP.The average relative errors of the response surface of failure criterion is about 3.0%,which can be used to predict the failure of adhesive joints under different stress states. Therefore,it is necessary to reduce the proportion of normal stress in adhesively bonded CFRP/aluminum alloy joints to improve the load capacity.Besides,the effect of fiber tear has to be taken into consideration in the failure prediction of CFRP/aluminum alloy joints.
引文
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[17]Qin Guofeng,Na Jingxin,Mu Wenlong,et al.Effect of continuous high temperature exposure on the adhesive strength of epoxy adhesive,CFRP and adhesively bonded CFRPaluminum alloy joints[J].Composites Part B:Engineering,2018,154:4355.
[18]Da S L F M,Adams R D.Joint strength predictions for adhesive joints to be used over a wide temperature range[J].International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives 2007,27(5):362379.
[19]Lee M,Yeo E,Black Lock M,et al.Predicting the strength of adhesively bonded joints of variable thickness using a cohesive element approach[J].International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives,2015,58(1):4452.
[2]Elmarakbi A.Advanced Composite Materials for Automotive Applications:Structural Integrity and Crashworthiness[M].New York:Wiley,2013.
[3]Sakundarini N,Taha Z,AbdulRashid S H,et al.Optimal multi/material selection for lightweight design of automotive body assembly incorporating recyclability[J].Materials and Design,2013,50:846857.
[4]Silva L F M D,?chsner A,Adams R D.Handbook of Adhesion Technology NOVA[M].Newcastle:The University of Newcastle's Digital Repository,2011.
[5]Viana G,Costa M,Banea M D,et al.A review on the temperature and moisture degradation of adhesive joints[J].Journal of Materials:Design and Applications,2017,231(5):488501.
[6]Marques E A S,Da Silva L F M,Banea M D,et al.Adhesivejointsforlowandhightemperatureuse:anoverview[J].JournalofAdhesion,2014,91(7):556585.
[7]Plazek D J,Frund Z N,Frund J Z N,et al.Epoxy resins(DGEBA):the curing and physical aging process[J].Journal of Polymer Science Part A:Polymer Chemistry,1990,28(4):431448
[8]Buch X,Shanahan M E R.Influence of the gaseous environment on the thermal degradation of a structural epoxy adhesive[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2000,76(7):987992.
[9]Hancox N L.Thermal effects on polymer matrix composites:part 2.thermal degradation[J].Materials and Design,1998,19(3):9397.
[10]Li M.Temperature and moisture effects on composite materials for wind turbine blades[D].Bozeman:Montana State University,2000.
[11]Skourlis T P,Mccullough R L.The effect of temperature on the behavior of the interphase in polymeric composites[J].Composites Science and Technology,1993,49(4):363368.
[12]Ng S J,Cramer R J,Mehrkam P.Characterization of IM 7/8552 polymer composites subjected to heat damage[C]∥International SAMPE Technical Conference,London,UK,1997,29:776786.
[13]Wolfrum J,Eibl S,Lietch L.Rapid evaluation of longterm thermal degradation of carbon fibre epoxy composites[J].Composites Science and Technology,2009,69(3):523530.
[14]Marques E A S,Da Silva L F M,Banea M D,et al.Adhesive joints for lowand hightemperature use:an overview[J].The Journal of Adhesion,2015,91(7):556585.
[15]Khalili S M R,Sharafi M,EslamiFarsani R,et al.Effect of thermal cycling on tensile properties of degraded FML to metal hybrid joints exposed to sea water[J].International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives,2017,79(2):95101.
[16]Banea M D,Da S L F M.The effect of temperature on the mechanical properties of adhesives for the automotive industry[J].Journal of Materials:Design and Applications,2010,224(2):5162.
[17]Qin Guofeng,Na Jingxin,Mu Wenlong,et al.Effect of continuous high temperature exposure on the adhesive strength of epoxy adhesive,CFRP and adhesively bonded CFRPaluminum alloy joints[J].Composites Part B:Engineering,2018,154:4355.
[18]Da S L F M,Adams R D.Joint strength predictions for adhesive joints to be used over a wide temperature range[J].International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives 2007,27(5):362379.
[19]Lee M,Yeo E,Black Lock M,et al.Predicting the strength of adhesively bonded joints of variable thickness using a cohesive element approach[J].International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives,2015,58(1):4452.