育王框位置对中华蜜蜂蜂王质量的影响
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摘要
蜂王质量的好坏决定了蜂群的群势和生产性能。培育优质的蜂王有利于蜂群的饲养管理及提高经济效益。在育王过程中,育王框所处位置对王台接受率以及蜂王质量均有所影响。本研究基于免移虫育王技术,以中华蜜蜂为研究对象,探究育王框在不同类型子脾之间的位置(封盖子脾之间、幼虫脾之间以及混合脾之间)对王台接受率、蜂王个体形态指标及蜂王卵巢卵黄原蛋白基因表达的影响。研究结果表明,育王框置于幼虫脾之间蜂王幼虫接受率和蜂王卵黄原蛋白表达量显著高于封盖子脾,但对蜂王个体指标无影响。
The quality of a queen enormously contributes to the power and performance of the whole honeybee colony.Rearing high quality queens dramatically benefits the beekeeping practice and increase the economy effect.In the process of artificial rearing queen,location of queen cell bar will affect the acceptance of queen cells and the quality of queens.A Queen-Rearing Without Larvae-Grafting technology was employed to rearing queens in Apis cerana cerana.The queen cell bar were placed in different locations(between frames with sealed brood,frames with larvae and frames with complex brood) within a colony to breed queens.Newly emerged queens from different breeding locations were sampled and analyzed for acceptance rate of queen cells,queen performance,number of ovarian tube and vitellogenin gene expression.The results showed that the acceptance of queen cells and the expression level of Vg are relatively higher when queen cell bar were located between the brood frames.
The quality of a queen enormously contributes to the power and performance of the whole honeybee colony.Rearing high quality queens dramatically benefits the beekeeping practice and increase the economy effect.In the process of artificial rearing queen,location of queen cell bar will affect the acceptance of queen cells and the quality of queens.A Queen-Rearing Without Larvae-Grafting technology was employed to rearing queens in Apis cerana cerana.The queen cell bar were placed in different locations(between frames with sealed brood,frames with larvae and frames with complex brood) within a colony to breed queens.Newly emerged queens from different breeding locations were sampled and analyzed for acceptance rate of queen cells,queen performance,number of ovarian tube and vitellogenin gene expression.The results showed that the acceptance of queen cells and the expression level of Vg are relatively higher when queen cell bar were located between the brood frames.
引文
Al-Fattah MAA,Mazeed AM,Al-Hady NA.Quality and quantity of honeybee queens as affected by the number and distribution of queen cells within queen rearing colonies[J].Journal of Apicultural Science,2011,55(2):31-41.
Amdam GV,Aase AL,Seehuus SC,et al.Social reversal of immune senescence in honey bee workers[J].Experimental Gerontology,2005,40(12):939.
Bi JL,Li ZY.The research of queen birth weight reared in different seasons[J].Journal of Bee,2003,11:5-6.[毕建璐,李志勇.不同季节培育蜂王初生重比较分析[J].蜜蜂杂志,2003,11:5-6]
Chen SB.Artificial Rearing Queen[M].Beijing:Agriculture Press,1989:7.[陈世壁.人工育王[M].北京:农业出版社,1989:7]
Doolittle GM.Scientific Queen-rearing[M].Northern Bee Books,1988.
Dedej S,Hartfelder K,Aumeier P,et al.Caste determination is a sequential process:Effect of larval age at grafting on ovariole number,hind leg size,and cephalic volatiles in the honey bee(Apis mellifera carnica)[J].Journal of Apicultural Research,1998,37:183-190.
Engels W.Occurrence and significance of Vitellogenins in female castes of social hymenoptera[J].American Zoologist,1974,14(4):1229-1237.
Fan Y,Yang S,Gong ZW,et al.The choice of larva's age in artificial rearing queen of Apis cerana cerana[J].Journal of Bee,2013,5:9-11.[樊莹,杨爽,龚志文,等.中华蜜蜂人工育王幼虫日龄的选择[J].蜜蜂杂志,2013,5:9-11]
Huang ZY,Otis GW.Inspection and feeding of larvae by worker honey bees(Hymenoptera:Apidae):Effect of starvation and food quantity[J].Journal of Insect Behavior,1991,4(3):305-317.
Kuan BY.Biology of Bee[M].Kunming:Yunnan Science and Technology Publishing Press,2003:45-46.[匡邦郁.蜜蜂生物学[M].昆明:云南科技出版社,2003:45-46]
Koywiwattrakul P,Sittipraneed S.Expression of Vitellogenin and Transferrin in activated ovaries of worker honey bees,Apis mellifera[J].Biochemical Genetics,2009,47(1/2):19-26.
Li ZY.Molecular Characteristic and Expression of Vitellogeningene in Apis cerana cerana[D].Northeast Normal University,2016.[李志勇.中华蜜蜂卵黄原蛋白基因的分子特征及表达研究[D].东北师范大学,2016]
Liu YW.Artificial rearing queen technology of Apis cerana cerana[J].Apiculture of China,1966,2:46-48.[刘仰文.中蜂的人工育王技术[J].中国养蜂,1966,2:46-48]
Liu GN,Wu XB,Zeng ZJ,et al.Effects of different methods for queen rearing on queen-cell accepted rate and queen quality in Apis mellifera ligustica[J].Shandong Agricultural Science,2011,3:106-108.[刘光楠,吴小波,曾志将,等.不同育王方式对意大利蜜蜂王台接受率和蜂王质量的影响[J].山东农业科学,2011,3:106-108]
Liao CH,Zou CB,Xie GX,et al.Effects of dietary crude protein level on quality of rearing queens for Apis cerana ceran[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2016,28(9):2998-3004.[廖春华,邹垂彬,谢国秀,等.饲粮粗蛋白质水平对中华蜜蜂育王质量的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(9):2998-3004]
Livak KJ,Schmittgen TD.Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T))Method[J].Methods,2001,25,4:402-408.
Louren9o AP,Mackert A,Cristino ADS,et al.Validation of reference genes for gene expression studies in the honey bee,Apis mellifera,by quantitative real-time RT-PCR[J].Apidologie,2008,39(3):372-385.
Pan QZ,Wu XB,Guan C,et al.A new method of queen rearing without grafting larvae[J].American Bee Journal,2013,11:1279-1280.
Pang Q,Shen F,Wang K,et al.Proteomic analysis of ovaries of queen bees(Apis mellifera)developed from larvae grafted at different instars[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,2017,60(7):760-771.
Pang Q,Shen F,YIN L,et al.Study on the effect of instar of the grafted larvae on the queen growth and development[J].Journal of Environmental Entomology,2017a,39(1):93-97.[庞倩,沈芳,殷玲,等.移虫日龄对蜂王生长发育的影响[J].环境昆虫学报,2017a,39(1):93-97]
Pang Q,Wang Y,Wang K,et al.Analysis on differential expression of hexamerin 110 and hexamerin 70b in the ovaries of queens reared from different instar of the grafted larvae[J].Journal of Environmental Entomology,2017b,39(1):62-67.[庞倩,王莹,王康,等.不同移虫日龄蜂王卵巢中hexamerin 110、hexamerin 70b的差异表达分析[J].环境昆虫学报,2017b,39(1):62-67]
Qin QH.Comparison of Learning and Memory of Apis cerana and Apis mellifera and Analysis of Related Molecular Mechanism of Learning and Memory in Honeybee[D].Jiangxi Agricultural University,2013.[秦秋红.东方蜜蜂与西方蜜蜂学习记忆比较及蜜蜂学习记忆相关分子机理分析[D].江西农业大学,2013]
Tarpy D,Keller J,Caren J,et al.Experimentally induced variation in the physical reproductive potential and mating success in honey bee queens[J].Insectes Sociaux,2011,58:569-574.
Wang RS.Artificial Rearing Queen Technology Research in Apis cerana cerana[D].Chongqing Normal University,2013.[王瑞生.中华蜜蜂蜂王人工培育技术研究[D].重庆师范大学,2013]
Woyke J.Correlations between the age at which honeybee brood was grafted,characteristics of the resultant queens,and results of insemination[J].Journal of Apicultural Research,1971,10(1):45-55.
Xu SY,Xiao HL,Li GX.Dissection and simple counting method of queen ovariole[J].Apiculture of China,1984,4:18-19.[许少玉,肖洪良,李桂仙.蜂王卵巢管的解剖和简便计数法[J].中国养蜂,1984,4:18-19]
Xie DK.The study of queen born weight and quality[J].Apiculture of China,1983,2:13-14.[谢代癸.对蜂王初生体重与质量的研究[J].中国蜂业,1983,2:13-14]
Yang GH.The function of Apis cerana cerana in forests ecosystem of china[J].Apiculture of China,2009,60(4):5-7,10.[杨冠煌.中华蜜蜂在我国森林生态系统中的作用[J].中国蜂业,2009,60(4):5-7,10]
Yu LS.Study on Population Dynamics and Colony Diversity of Apis cerana cerana in Southern Anhui[D].Anhui Agricultural University,2007.[余林生.皖南中华蜜蜂种群数量动态及群体多样性研究[D].安徽农业大学,2007]
Zhang F,Gan HY,Li SY,et al.Preliminary study on the bionic technology of rearing queen bees without transferring larvae[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine(Science and Technology Edition),2013,10:144-146.[张飞,甘海燕,李淑云,等.蜜蜂仿生免移虫育王技术的初步研究[J].黑龙江畜物兽医(科技版),2013,10:144-146]
Zhang JG.The best location to rearing queen in Apis cerana cerana[J].Apiculture of China,2006,57(12):22.[张建国.中蜂群最佳育王位置探究[J].中国蜂业,2006,57(12):22]
Zhang WX,Xu BH.Overview of vitellogenin of honeybee[J].Journal of Bee,2014,34(5):5-7.[张卫星,胥保华.蜜蜂卵黄原蛋白的研究进展[J].蜜蜂杂志,2014,34(5):5-7]
Zou CB,Zhou LB,Hu JH,et al.Effects of queen-rearing without larvae-grafting and two esters of brood pheromone on the queen quality of Apis cerana cerana[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2016a,18:3662-3670.[邹垂彬,周林斌,胡景华,等.免移虫育王和两种酯类幼虫信息素对中华蜜蜂蜂王质量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016a,18:3662-3670]
Zou CB,Wu TB,Hu JH,et al.Research on the non-grafting queen rearing technology of Apis cerana cerana[J].Journal of Bee,2016b,1:8-10.[邹垂彬,吴天宝,胡景华,等.中华蜜蜂免移虫育王技术研究[J].蜜蜂杂志,2016b,1:8-10]
Amdam GV,Aase AL,Seehuus SC,et al.Social reversal of immune senescence in honey bee workers[J].Experimental Gerontology,2005,40(12):939.
Bi JL,Li ZY.The research of queen birth weight reared in different seasons[J].Journal of Bee,2003,11:5-6.[毕建璐,李志勇.不同季节培育蜂王初生重比较分析[J].蜜蜂杂志,2003,11:5-6]
Chen SB.Artificial Rearing Queen[M].Beijing:Agriculture Press,1989:7.[陈世壁.人工育王[M].北京:农业出版社,1989:7]
Doolittle GM.Scientific Queen-rearing[M].Northern Bee Books,1988.
Dedej S,Hartfelder K,Aumeier P,et al.Caste determination is a sequential process:Effect of larval age at grafting on ovariole number,hind leg size,and cephalic volatiles in the honey bee(Apis mellifera carnica)[J].Journal of Apicultural Research,1998,37:183-190.
Engels W.Occurrence and significance of Vitellogenins in female castes of social hymenoptera[J].American Zoologist,1974,14(4):1229-1237.
Fan Y,Yang S,Gong ZW,et al.The choice of larva's age in artificial rearing queen of Apis cerana cerana[J].Journal of Bee,2013,5:9-11.[樊莹,杨爽,龚志文,等.中华蜜蜂人工育王幼虫日龄的选择[J].蜜蜂杂志,2013,5:9-11]
Huang ZY,Otis GW.Inspection and feeding of larvae by worker honey bees(Hymenoptera:Apidae):Effect of starvation and food quantity[J].Journal of Insect Behavior,1991,4(3):305-317.
Kuan BY.Biology of Bee[M].Kunming:Yunnan Science and Technology Publishing Press,2003:45-46.[匡邦郁.蜜蜂生物学[M].昆明:云南科技出版社,2003:45-46]
Koywiwattrakul P,Sittipraneed S.Expression of Vitellogenin and Transferrin in activated ovaries of worker honey bees,Apis mellifera[J].Biochemical Genetics,2009,47(1/2):19-26.
Li ZY.Molecular Characteristic and Expression of Vitellogeningene in Apis cerana cerana[D].Northeast Normal University,2016.[李志勇.中华蜜蜂卵黄原蛋白基因的分子特征及表达研究[D].东北师范大学,2016]
Liu YW.Artificial rearing queen technology of Apis cerana cerana[J].Apiculture of China,1966,2:46-48.[刘仰文.中蜂的人工育王技术[J].中国养蜂,1966,2:46-48]
Liu GN,Wu XB,Zeng ZJ,et al.Effects of different methods for queen rearing on queen-cell accepted rate and queen quality in Apis mellifera ligustica[J].Shandong Agricultural Science,2011,3:106-108.[刘光楠,吴小波,曾志将,等.不同育王方式对意大利蜜蜂王台接受率和蜂王质量的影响[J].山东农业科学,2011,3:106-108]
Liao CH,Zou CB,Xie GX,et al.Effects of dietary crude protein level on quality of rearing queens for Apis cerana ceran[J].Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2016,28(9):2998-3004.[廖春华,邹垂彬,谢国秀,等.饲粮粗蛋白质水平对中华蜜蜂育王质量的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(9):2998-3004]
Livak KJ,Schmittgen TD.Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T))Method[J].Methods,2001,25,4:402-408.
Louren9o AP,Mackert A,Cristino ADS,et al.Validation of reference genes for gene expression studies in the honey bee,Apis mellifera,by quantitative real-time RT-PCR[J].Apidologie,2008,39(3):372-385.
Pan QZ,Wu XB,Guan C,et al.A new method of queen rearing without grafting larvae[J].American Bee Journal,2013,11:1279-1280.
Pang Q,Shen F,Wang K,et al.Proteomic analysis of ovaries of queen bees(Apis mellifera)developed from larvae grafted at different instars[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,2017,60(7):760-771.
Pang Q,Shen F,YIN L,et al.Study on the effect of instar of the grafted larvae on the queen growth and development[J].Journal of Environmental Entomology,2017a,39(1):93-97.[庞倩,沈芳,殷玲,等.移虫日龄对蜂王生长发育的影响[J].环境昆虫学报,2017a,39(1):93-97]
Pang Q,Wang Y,Wang K,et al.Analysis on differential expression of hexamerin 110 and hexamerin 70b in the ovaries of queens reared from different instar of the grafted larvae[J].Journal of Environmental Entomology,2017b,39(1):62-67.[庞倩,王莹,王康,等.不同移虫日龄蜂王卵巢中hexamerin 110、hexamerin 70b的差异表达分析[J].环境昆虫学报,2017b,39(1):62-67]
Qin QH.Comparison of Learning and Memory of Apis cerana and Apis mellifera and Analysis of Related Molecular Mechanism of Learning and Memory in Honeybee[D].Jiangxi Agricultural University,2013.[秦秋红.东方蜜蜂与西方蜜蜂学习记忆比较及蜜蜂学习记忆相关分子机理分析[D].江西农业大学,2013]
Tarpy D,Keller J,Caren J,et al.Experimentally induced variation in the physical reproductive potential and mating success in honey bee queens[J].Insectes Sociaux,2011,58:569-574.
Wang RS.Artificial Rearing Queen Technology Research in Apis cerana cerana[D].Chongqing Normal University,2013.[王瑞生.中华蜜蜂蜂王人工培育技术研究[D].重庆师范大学,2013]
Woyke J.Correlations between the age at which honeybee brood was grafted,characteristics of the resultant queens,and results of insemination[J].Journal of Apicultural Research,1971,10(1):45-55.
Xu SY,Xiao HL,Li GX.Dissection and simple counting method of queen ovariole[J].Apiculture of China,1984,4:18-19.[许少玉,肖洪良,李桂仙.蜂王卵巢管的解剖和简便计数法[J].中国养蜂,1984,4:18-19]
Xie DK.The study of queen born weight and quality[J].Apiculture of China,1983,2:13-14.[谢代癸.对蜂王初生体重与质量的研究[J].中国蜂业,1983,2:13-14]
Yang GH.The function of Apis cerana cerana in forests ecosystem of china[J].Apiculture of China,2009,60(4):5-7,10.[杨冠煌.中华蜜蜂在我国森林生态系统中的作用[J].中国蜂业,2009,60(4):5-7,10]
Yu LS.Study on Population Dynamics and Colony Diversity of Apis cerana cerana in Southern Anhui[D].Anhui Agricultural University,2007.[余林生.皖南中华蜜蜂种群数量动态及群体多样性研究[D].安徽农业大学,2007]
Zhang F,Gan HY,Li SY,et al.Preliminary study on the bionic technology of rearing queen bees without transferring larvae[J].Heilongjiang Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine(Science and Technology Edition),2013,10:144-146.[张飞,甘海燕,李淑云,等.蜜蜂仿生免移虫育王技术的初步研究[J].黑龙江畜物兽医(科技版),2013,10:144-146]
Zhang JG.The best location to rearing queen in Apis cerana cerana[J].Apiculture of China,2006,57(12):22.[张建国.中蜂群最佳育王位置探究[J].中国蜂业,2006,57(12):22]
Zhang WX,Xu BH.Overview of vitellogenin of honeybee[J].Journal of Bee,2014,34(5):5-7.[张卫星,胥保华.蜜蜂卵黄原蛋白的研究进展[J].蜜蜂杂志,2014,34(5):5-7]
Zou CB,Zhou LB,Hu JH,et al.Effects of queen-rearing without larvae-grafting and two esters of brood pheromone on the queen quality of Apis cerana cerana[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2016a,18:3662-3670.[邹垂彬,周林斌,胡景华,等.免移虫育王和两种酯类幼虫信息素对中华蜜蜂蜂王质量的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016a,18:3662-3670]
Zou CB,Wu TB,Hu JH,et al.Research on the non-grafting queen rearing technology of Apis cerana cerana[J].Journal of Bee,2016b,1:8-10.[邹垂彬,吴天宝,胡景华,等.中华蜜蜂免移虫育王技术研究[J].蜜蜂杂志,2016b,1:8-10]