摘要
在澳洲坚果园发现一种叶部病害,为明确该病害的病原菌种类,将采集病叶进行病原菌分离,并运用柯赫法则测定致病性,根据病原菌的形态学特征和rDNA-ITS序列分析对病原菌进行鉴定。结果表明,分离菌株的菌落形态和分生孢子形态都与小孢拟盘多毛孢Pestalotiopsis microspora一致,经分子生物学鉴定,其ITS序列与小孢拟盘多毛孢的ITS序列的同源性为99%,将引起澳洲坚果叶斑病的病原菌鉴定为小孢拟盘多毛孢。PDA培养基最有利于该病原菌生长,培养3d后,菌落直径达62.9mm,最佳碳源为葡萄糖,最佳氮源为硫酸铵;病原菌在15~30℃均能生长,最适生长温度28℃;病原菌在pH值4~11范围内均可生长,pH值7生长最佳,全光照有利于病原菌生长。首次报道Pestalotiopsis microspora引起澳洲坚果叶斑病。
A macadamia leaf disease was found in macadamiaplantation.In order to identify the pathogen,isolates were obtained by isolation and purification.The pathogenicity was tested using the Koch's Postulates,pathogenicity of isolates from the symptomatic leaf.Identification of pathogen was conducted according to the morphological characteristics and ITS sequence.The pathogen isolated from the macadamia is Pestalotiopsis microspora.Biological analysis showed that the PDA was the most conducive medium for the growth of pathogen.The colony diameters were up to 62.9 mm after incubation at 25℃ in dark for three days.The best carbon source for bacteria growth was dextrose,and the best nitrogen source was ammonia sulfate.Pathogenic bacteria could grow at 15~30 ℃,and the most suitable temperature was 28 ℃.Pathogenic bacteria could grow at pH value ranging from 4 to 11,and the most suitable pH value was 7.Continuous illumination was the most favorable for the growth of mycelium.This is the first report of Pestalotiopsis microspora causing diseases on macadamia.
引文
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