基于小波变换和Hilbert变换的汽油机爆震边缘诊断
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摘要
基于振动信号检测是目前爆震诊断的主要应用形式和研究方向,而小波变换具有从信噪比较差的振动信号中有效提取出爆震边缘特征的显著优越性.利用具有瞬态冲击特性的爆震边缘特征实现发动机的自动爆震控制,是一个尚需解决的重要课题.提出了一种利用Hilbert变换将爆震瞬态冲击信号进行包络及拟合的方法,在此基础上定义了一种爆震边缘判定指标,并给出了该指标的计算公式.将所提出的爆震边缘诊断方法应用于试验数据,结果表明:爆震边缘指标的数值在爆震边缘燃烧和正常燃烧状态下存在明显的差异,即该指标能够有效准确地诊断出爆震边缘状态,而且实现了基于振动信号检测爆震边缘的自动化诊断.
Vibration signal detection is the main application and research area of the current knock diagnosis on gasoline engines.The wavelet transform has the remarkable advantage of effectively extracting the feature of the knock edge from a vibration signal that is of poor signal-to-noise ratio.However,how to make full use of the transient impact feature of knock edge to realize automatic knock control of the engine is an important issue to be explored and solved.A method of envelop and fitting the knocking transient impact signal using Hilbert transform was proposed.Based on this method,a knock edge index was defined and its calculation formula was given.The proposed knocking edge diagnosis method was applied to the experimental data.The results show that the value of the knock edge index is obviously different between the knock edge combustion state and the normal combustion state.This means that the index can effectively diagnose the knock edge state,so be used to realize the automatic knock edge diagnosis based on vibration signal detection.
Vibration signal detection is the main application and research area of the current knock diagnosis on gasoline engines.The wavelet transform has the remarkable advantage of effectively extracting the feature of the knock edge from a vibration signal that is of poor signal-to-noise ratio.However,how to make full use of the transient impact feature of knock edge to realize automatic knock control of the engine is an important issue to be explored and solved.A method of envelop and fitting the knocking transient impact signal using Hilbert transform was proposed.Based on this method,a knock edge index was defined and its calculation formula was given.The proposed knocking edge diagnosis method was applied to the experimental data.The results show that the value of the knock edge index is obviously different between the knock edge combustion state and the normal combustion state.This means that the index can effectively diagnose the knock edge state,so be used to realize the automatic knock edge diagnosis based on vibration signal detection.
引文
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[10]杨建国,刘晓峰,林波.基于DWT的汽油机爆震特征提取及爆震强度的判定[J].内燃机学报,2003,21(3):233-238.
[11]李宁,周瑞.基于非线性小波变换的汽油机爆震强度识别[J].内燃机学报,2018,36(1):83-89.
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[13]Hudson C,Gao X,Stone R.Knock measurement for fuel evaluation in spark ignition engines[J].Fuel,2001,80(3):395-407.
[14]Horner T G.Knock detection using spectral analysis techniques on a Texas instruments TMS320 DSP[J].News Letter,1996,20(1):72-76.
[15]韩璞,毕凤荣,张剑.基于振动的汽油机爆震始点识别与强度评价研究[J].内燃机工程,2016,37(5):134-139.
[16]Naber J,Blough J R,Frankowski D,et al.Analysis of combustion knock metrics in spark-ignition engines[C]//SAE Paper.Detroit,Michigan,USA,2006,2006-01-0400.
[17]杨文宏,王珂,刘成材,等.基于高阶累积量的点燃式发动机爆震检测及爆震强度判定[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2010,40(2):376-381.
[18]杨建国.小波分析及其工程应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005:27-36.
[19]张永生.基于Hilbert包络信号提取技术的LCR波超声应力检测系统研究[D].成都:电子科技大学机械电子工程学院,2013.
[20]曹展,王细洋,李耀祖.基于小波包能量谱和Hilbert包络分析的行星齿轮故障诊断[J].制造业自动化,2017,39(11):82-88.
[2]姚春德,姚安仁,续晗.内燃机爆震及其对燃烧室组件破坏的机理[M].北京:科学出版社,2015:32-65.
[3]Heywood J.Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals[M].New York:Mc Graw-Hill,1988:723.
[4]Liu Y,Li L,Lu H,et al.In-cycle knocking detection and feedback control based on in-cylinder pressure and ion current signal in a GDI engine[C]//SAE Paper.Detroit,Michigan,USA,2016,2016-01-0816.
[5]曹银波,张志永,白云,等.喷油策略对离子电流信号与HCCI燃烧相位相关性的影响[J].内燃机学报,2013,31(1):31-37.
[6]王彦岩.汽油机爆震诊断与控制策略的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学汽车工程学院,2010.
[7]Jong-Hwa L.A new knock-detection method using cylinder pressure,block vibration and sound pressure signals from a SI engine[C]//SAE Paper.Detroit,Michigan,USA,1998,981436.
[8]Pimenta C Q,Trevas I C,Navegantes W R,et al.Knock sensor background analysis and their relation with combustion pressure curve[C]//SAE Paper.Detroit,Michigan,USA,2016,2016-36-0403.
[9]Park S T,Yang J.Engine knock detection based on wavelet transform[C]//Russian-Korean International Symposium on Science and Technology.Ulsan,Korea,2004,3:80-83.
[10]杨建国,刘晓峰,林波.基于DWT的汽油机爆震特征提取及爆震强度的判定[J].内燃机学报,2003,21(3):233-238.
[11]李宁,周瑞.基于非线性小波变换的汽油机爆震强度识别[J].内燃机学报,2018,36(1):83-89.
[12]Siano D,D′agostino D.Knock detection in SI engines by using the discrete wavelet transform of the engine block vibrational signals[J].Energy Procedia,2015,81:673-688.
[13]Hudson C,Gao X,Stone R.Knock measurement for fuel evaluation in spark ignition engines[J].Fuel,2001,80(3):395-407.
[14]Horner T G.Knock detection using spectral analysis techniques on a Texas instruments TMS320 DSP[J].News Letter,1996,20(1):72-76.
[15]韩璞,毕凤荣,张剑.基于振动的汽油机爆震始点识别与强度评价研究[J].内燃机工程,2016,37(5):134-139.
[16]Naber J,Blough J R,Frankowski D,et al.Analysis of combustion knock metrics in spark-ignition engines[C]//SAE Paper.Detroit,Michigan,USA,2006,2006-01-0400.
[17]杨文宏,王珂,刘成材,等.基于高阶累积量的点燃式发动机爆震检测及爆震强度判定[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2010,40(2):376-381.
[18]杨建国.小波分析及其工程应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2005:27-36.
[19]张永生.基于Hilbert包络信号提取技术的LCR波超声应力检测系统研究[D].成都:电子科技大学机械电子工程学院,2013.
[20]曹展,王细洋,李耀祖.基于小波包能量谱和Hilbert包络分析的行星齿轮故障诊断[J].制造业自动化,2017,39(11):82-88.