乳源木莲树冠形态与生长形质通径分析
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摘要
为了解乳源木莲人工林分树冠形态特征对生长形质的影响规律,利用多目标决策方法进行生长形质综合表现评价,采用通径分析法研究福建32年生乳源木莲人工林的冠幅、冠形率和树冠率与单株材积、胸径、枝下高、尖削度、胸高形数以及生长形质综合得分6个因子之间的关系。结果表明:冠幅、冠形率对单株材积、胸径、枝下高等生长形质特征有极显著的正向作用,而树冠率对其有显著性负向作用。冠形率对胸高形数等形质特征有极显著负向作用,对树干尖削度无显著性作用。树冠率对树干尖削度有极显著正向作用,对胸高形数无显著性作用。冠幅对树干尖削度有极显著正向作用,对胸高形数有极显著负向作用。树冠形态特征因子对乳源木莲生长形质性状影响作用与重要性排序不尽相同,其中冠幅、冠形率对生长形质综合表现有极显著的正向作用,但树冠率对生长形质综合表现有极显著的负向作用,因子相对重要性大小排序为冠幅>树冠率>冠形率。乳源木莲理想冠形应为宽大冠幅、具有较小树冠率,以及在此前提下形成狭长冠形的树冠结构,树冠形态调控的重点与方向是促进冠幅宽大。
In order to understand the influence of morphological characteristics of crowns on growth morphology of Manglietia yuyuanensis. Using multi-objective decision-making methods to evaluate the overall performance of growth morphology. Using the path analysis method to study the relationships among crown width, coronal rate and canopy rate of single-planted wood, the diameter of the breast, the height of the branch, the sharpness,the height of the chest, and the comprehensive score of the growth shape of the 32-year-old M. yuyuanensis plantation in Fujian. The results show that crown width, crown shape rate have significant and positive impacts on growth and stem-form characteristics including individual volume, DBH and height under branches, but crown rate has significant negative effects. Crown shape rate has significant and negative impacts on breast height form factor, but has no significant impacts on taperingness. Crown rate had significant and positive on taperingness, but had no significant impacts on breast height form factor. Crown width has significant positive impact on taperingness and significant negative impact on breast height form factor. The influence and the order of relative importance of canopy characteristics on those growth and stem form quality indicators of M. yuyuanensis are different.Crown width, crown shape rate have significant and positive impacts on the growth and stem-form comprehensive performance, but crown rate has significant negative and impacts on the growth and stem-form comprehensive performance, the order of relative importance of factors is crown width > crown rate > crown shape rate. The ideal crown shape for M. yuyuanensis is a larger crown width for the first time, followed by relatively small crown rate, long and narrow crown under the premise,the key points and directions of crown morphology regulation should be to promote crown width.
In order to understand the influence of morphological characteristics of crowns on growth morphology of Manglietia yuyuanensis. Using multi-objective decision-making methods to evaluate the overall performance of growth morphology. Using the path analysis method to study the relationships among crown width, coronal rate and canopy rate of single-planted wood, the diameter of the breast, the height of the branch, the sharpness,the height of the chest, and the comprehensive score of the growth shape of the 32-year-old M. yuyuanensis plantation in Fujian. The results show that crown width, crown shape rate have significant and positive impacts on growth and stem-form characteristics including individual volume, DBH and height under branches, but crown rate has significant negative effects. Crown shape rate has significant and negative impacts on breast height form factor, but has no significant impacts on taperingness. Crown rate had significant and positive on taperingness, but had no significant impacts on breast height form factor. Crown width has significant positive impact on taperingness and significant negative impact on breast height form factor. The influence and the order of relative importance of canopy characteristics on those growth and stem form quality indicators of M. yuyuanensis are different.Crown width, crown shape rate have significant and positive impacts on the growth and stem-form comprehensive performance, but crown rate has significant negative and impacts on the growth and stem-form comprehensive performance, the order of relative importance of factors is crown width > crown rate > crown shape rate. The ideal crown shape for M. yuyuanensis is a larger crown width for the first time, followed by relatively small crown rate, long and narrow crown under the premise,the key points and directions of crown morphology regulation should be to promote crown width.
引文
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[14]欧建德.造林密度对峦大杉生长形质及林分分化的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(1):7-11.
[15]曹永慧,李生,陈存及,等.乳源木莲杉木混交林生长及其竞争关系分析[J].林业科学,2005(5):201-206.
[16]康永武.乳源木莲毛竹混交林生长及土壤肥力研究[J].西南林业大学学报,2014,34(1):14-20.
[17]曹永慧,陈存及,李生.间伐对杉莲混交林中乳源木莲树冠结构的影响[J].林业科学研究,2004(5):646-653.
[18]周东雄.杉木乳源木莲混交林林分生产力研究[J].林业科技开发,2004(5):23-25.
[19]谢芳.乳源木莲优质干材混交培育的研究[J].林业科学,2003(2):84-90.
[20]康永武,欧建德,吴志庄.乳源木莲生长形质的地形效应及微生境配置优化研究[J].西南林业大学学报(自然科学),2018,38(6):19-26.
[21]欧建德.观赏型南方红豆杉地理种源试验及优良地理种源的选择初步研究[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(4):134-140.
[22]欧建德.基于多元统计分析的南方红豆杉幼林修枝技术[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,40(3):183-187.
[23]欧建德.闽楠优良家系和单株的早期综合选择研究[J].西南林业大学学报,2015,35(1):33-37.
[24]欧建德,吴志庄,康永武.峦大杉与杉木人工林的生长形质、林分分化和空间利用比较[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(7):7-11.
[25]李肇锋.风藤优良地理种源的选择[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2015,44(1):34-39.
[26]Wright S.Correlation and causation[J].Joural of Agricultural Research,1921,7(3):557-584.
[27]张琪,丛鹏,彭励.通径分析在Excel和SPSS中的实现[J].农业网络信息,2007(3):109-110.
[28]欧建德,吴志庄,康永武.峦大杉树冠特征与生长形质通径分析[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(11):8-11,40.
[2]曹子林,肖智勇,高辉,等.毛乌素沙地土壤理化性质对中国沙棘人工林生长的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2015,30(2):22-26.
[3]张地,张育新,曲来叶,等.坡位对东灵山辽东栎林土壤微生物量的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(20):6412-6421.
[4]李生英,兰荣光,许童羽,等.不同杨树品种生理生态特性及其与生长的关系[J].沈阳农业大学学报,1998(1):47-52.
[5]刘广路,范少辉,官凤英,等.不同劈草时间毛竹林的生长特征[J].四川农业大学学报,2011,29(3):322-326.
[6]李火根,黄敏仁.杨树新无性冠层特性与生长关系的研究[J].林业科学,1999,35(5):34-37.
[7]李生,陈存及.混交林分中乳源木莲冠层特性与生长的通径分析[J].林业科学研究,2005(3):310-314.
[8]卢妮妮,王新杰,张鹏,等.不同林龄杉木胸径树高与冠幅的通径分析[J].东北林业大学学报,2015,43(4):12-16.
[9]马永春,方升佐.欧美杨107不同冠层光合特性的研究[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2011,35(4):39-42.
[10]万志兵,李秀芹,刘成功,等.不同发育阶段檫木人工林树高、胸径与树冠结构关系的动态关系分析[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2017,36(1):331-339.
[11]段劼,马履一,贾黎明,等.北京地区侧柏人工林密度效应[J].生态学报,2010,30(12):3206-3214.
[12]Biging G S,Dobbertin M.A comparison of distancedependrnt competition measures for height and basal area growth of individual conifer trees[J].Forest Science,1992,38(3):695-720.
[13]邬荣领,王明庥,黄敏仁,等.黑杨派新无性系研究:Ⅴ.树冠结构与干形改良[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),1988(3):1-14.
[14]欧建德.造林密度对峦大杉生长形质及林分分化的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(1):7-11.
[15]曹永慧,李生,陈存及,等.乳源木莲杉木混交林生长及其竞争关系分析[J].林业科学,2005(5):201-206.
[16]康永武.乳源木莲毛竹混交林生长及土壤肥力研究[J].西南林业大学学报,2014,34(1):14-20.
[17]曹永慧,陈存及,李生.间伐对杉莲混交林中乳源木莲树冠结构的影响[J].林业科学研究,2004(5):646-653.
[18]周东雄.杉木乳源木莲混交林林分生产力研究[J].林业科技开发,2004(5):23-25.
[19]谢芳.乳源木莲优质干材混交培育的研究[J].林业科学,2003(2):84-90.
[20]康永武,欧建德,吴志庄.乳源木莲生长形质的地形效应及微生境配置优化研究[J].西南林业大学学报(自然科学),2018,38(6):19-26.
[21]欧建德.观赏型南方红豆杉地理种源试验及优良地理种源的选择初步研究[J].西北林学院学报,2012,27(4):134-140.
[22]欧建德.基于多元统计分析的南方红豆杉幼林修枝技术[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2016,40(3):183-187.
[23]欧建德.闽楠优良家系和单株的早期综合选择研究[J].西南林业大学学报,2015,35(1):33-37.
[24]欧建德,吴志庄,康永武.峦大杉与杉木人工林的生长形质、林分分化和空间利用比较[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(7):7-11.
[25]李肇锋.风藤优良地理种源的选择[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2015,44(1):34-39.
[26]Wright S.Correlation and causation[J].Joural of Agricultural Research,1921,7(3):557-584.
[27]张琪,丛鹏,彭励.通径分析在Excel和SPSS中的实现[J].农业网络信息,2007(3):109-110.
[28]欧建德,吴志庄,康永武.峦大杉树冠特征与生长形质通径分析[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(11):8-11,40.