5个淮山新品种在海南幼龄橡胶林下的间作表现
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摘要
为解决海南热区淮山种性退化、品种单一、不能周年上市等问题,引进‘桂淮2号’、‘桂淮5号’、‘桂淮6号’、‘桂淮7号’和‘黑美人’共5个品种,以海南当地品种‘云选1号’作为对照,采用橡胶/淮山间作模式进行试种试验,利用双因素裂区试验法,观察各品种植物学性状,收获后测定块茎产量与商品率。结果表明:5个品种植物学性状与广西没有差异;与当地品种‘云选1号’相比,‘黑美人’产量最高(54.6 t/hm~2),其次是‘桂淮7号’,‘桂淮5号’最低;‘黑美人’生长周期最短,成熟最早;‘桂淮2号’生长周期最长,成熟最晚。‘桂淮2号’可作为晚熟品种进行推广种植;‘桂淮5号’和‘桂淮6号’可作为中晚熟品种进行推广种植;‘黑美人’、‘桂淮7号’可作为早熟品种推广。
In order to solve the problems of quality degradation, single variety, not produced annually of yam production in tropical areas of Hainan, five yam varieties of 'Guihuai No.2', 'Guihuai No.5', 'Guihuai No.6', 'Guihuai No.7'and 'Heimeiren' were intercropped with rubber to test the botanical traits in Hainan, and the tuber yield after harvest and commodity rate were assayed using the random group test method. The results showed that there was no difference in botanical traits among the five varieties as they were planted in Guangxi. Among them, the yield of 'Heimeiren' was the highest(54.6 t/hm~2), followed by 'Guihuai No.7', and the yield of 'Guihuai No.5' was the lowest, the growth cycle of'Heimeiren' was the shortest and it was ripened the earliest, and the growth cycle of 'Guihuai No.2' was the longest and it was ripened the latest. 'Guihuai No.2' could be popularized as late ripening varieties, 'Guanghuai No.5' and 'Guihuai No.6' as middle late ripening varieties, 'Heimeiren' and 'Guihuai No.7' as early ripening varieties for fresh-eating food.
In order to solve the problems of quality degradation, single variety, not produced annually of yam production in tropical areas of Hainan, five yam varieties of 'Guihuai No.2', 'Guihuai No.5', 'Guihuai No.6', 'Guihuai No.7'and 'Heimeiren' were intercropped with rubber to test the botanical traits in Hainan, and the tuber yield after harvest and commodity rate were assayed using the random group test method. The results showed that there was no difference in botanical traits among the five varieties as they were planted in Guangxi. Among them, the yield of 'Heimeiren' was the highest(54.6 t/hm~2), followed by 'Guihuai No.7', and the yield of 'Guihuai No.5' was the lowest, the growth cycle of'Heimeiren' was the shortest and it was ripened the earliest, and the growth cycle of 'Guihuai No.2' was the longest and it was ripened the latest. 'Guihuai No.2' could be popularized as late ripening varieties, 'Guanghuai No.5' and 'Guihuai No.6' as middle late ripening varieties, 'Heimeiren' and 'Guihuai No.7' as early ripening varieties for fresh-eating food.
引文
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[23]莫顺荣.淮山套种蔬菜高效种植模式[J].长江蔬菜,2010(21):29-31.
[24]李德新.一种淮山和苦瓜套种方法:CN104782344A[P].2015-07-22.
[25]彭德科.淮山薯地套种地膜茄子栽培技术[J].农业研究与应用, 2011(2):63-65.
[2]尤兰.药中美食——温县铁棍山药[J].食品安全导刊,2013(22):65.
[3]吴存兵,李红涛,李西腾,等.无糖淮山药蛋糕的研制[J].食品工业科技, 2014, 35(19):242-246.
[4]孙芝杨,杨振东,焦宇知.淮山药枸杞红枣复合饮料的研制[J].中国酿造, 2013, 32(4):157-160.
[5]孙术国,翁光辉.一种山药面包的加工方法:CN103704301A[P]. 2014-04-09.
[6]朱荣业.一种淮山米粉及其制备方法:CN 105639428 A[P].2016-06-08.
[7]李冬梅,梁远毅,许晓婷.紫淮山凝胶软糖的研制[J].食品研究与开发, 2014(13):50-52.
[8]吴琳,彭黎旭,武春媛,等.海南省淮山产业发展现状及可持续性分析[J].热带农业科学, 2015, 35(12):118-122.
[9]杨梅海.淮山(山药)系列产品产业化开发项目商业计划书[D].广州:华南理工大学, 2013.
[10]韦本辉.对我国淮山药研究与利用的几点意见[J].中国农村科技, 2012(4):44-47.
[11]王敏,伍壮生,吴月燕,等.种植日期、种植密度及种薯段位对淮山生长及产量的影响[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(23):21-23.
[12]焦敬华,黄东益,吴文嫱,等.山药炭疽病菌拮抗放线菌30702菌株的初步鉴定及发酵培养基优化[J].热带作物学报, 2016, 37(4):775-783.
[13]周鑫,程文杰,罗欣,等.淮山RAPD-PCR反应体系的建立[J].中国农学通报, 2010, 26(14):90-93.
[14]黄小龙,曹树威,周双清,等.一株淮山炭疽病拮抗放线菌的分离及初步鉴定[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(19):11474-11476.
[15]谢俊,黄东益.薯蓣植物种质资源保存、开发及应用研究[C]//全国植物结构与生殖生物学学术研讨会. 2012.
[16]韦本辉,韦威泰,甘秀芹,等.淮山品种“桂淮6号”选育及栽培研究[J].中国农学通报, 2004, 20(4):215-216.
[17]韦本辉,韦威泰,甘秀芹,等.淮山品种桂淮5号的选育及栽培研究[J].作物杂志, 2004, 24(4):28-29.
[18]韦本辉,甘秀芹,韦威泰,等.淮山品种“桂淮2号”的选育及栽培研究[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2005,24(1):48-50.
[19]韦本辉,甘秀芹,刘斌,等.淮山药新品种“桂淮7号”的选育及栽培要点[J].南方农业学报,2012,43(6):764-766.
[20]吴月燕,伍壮生,王敏.海南云龙地区淮山种植情况调查报告[J].上海蔬菜, 2010(4):16-17.
[21]吴学步,吴泽平.海南淮山优质高产栽培技术[J].农业科技通讯, 2012(7):195-196.
[22]王敏,伍壮生,张治礼,等.海南渡淡淮山品种选择及高效栽培技术[J].长江蔬菜, 2013(17):12-14.
[23]莫顺荣.淮山套种蔬菜高效种植模式[J].长江蔬菜,2010(21):29-31.
[24]李德新.一种淮山和苦瓜套种方法:CN104782344A[P].2015-07-22.
[25]彭德科.淮山薯地套种地膜茄子栽培技术[J].农业研究与应用, 2011(2):63-65.