钢筋混凝土梁式桥地震安全性分析及评价
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摘要
针对桥梁的地震安全性问题,依据可靠度理论,考虑对结构抗力有重要影响的材料强度随机性和计算模式的不确定性,本文分析了桥梁的破坏机理,使用响应面法计算了梁式桥的桥墩、支座、上部结构和基础在多遇地震、偶遇地震和罕遇地震下的失效概率。得到了构件在设计基准期内不同破坏等级的地震可靠度,研究并给出了钢筋混凝土梁式桥重要构件及桥梁系统的安全等级划分,以此评价桥梁的地震安全性水平。建立了钢筋混凝土梁式桥模型,给出了该桥的安全等级,判别了其地震安全性水平。结果表明:该桥在设计基准期内地震作用下的安全水平较高。
To solve the earthquake safety problems of bridges,this study analyzed the bridge failure mechanism based on reliability theory by considering the randomness of material strength and uncertainties of computing models,which have important effects on structural resistance force. Failure probabilities of RC beam bridge piers,bearings,upper structures,and pier foundations under frequent,occasional,and rare earthquake levels,as well as seismic reliabilities of bridge members in the basic design period,were calculated by the response surface analysis method. In addition,different seismic safety grades of the bridge and its components were given to evaluate the earthquake safety level of the bridge. An RC beam bridge was modeled and its safety grades were given. The conclusion illustrates that the RC beam bridge has a high safety level under earthquake in the design period.
To solve the earthquake safety problems of bridges,this study analyzed the bridge failure mechanism based on reliability theory by considering the randomness of material strength and uncertainties of computing models,which have important effects on structural resistance force. Failure probabilities of RC beam bridge piers,bearings,upper structures,and pier foundations under frequent,occasional,and rare earthquake levels,as well as seismic reliabilities of bridge members in the basic design period,were calculated by the response surface analysis method. In addition,different seismic safety grades of the bridge and its components were given to evaluate the earthquake safety level of the bridge. An RC beam bridge was modeled and its safety grades were given. The conclusion illustrates that the RC beam bridge has a high safety level under earthquake in the design period.
引文
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[13]谢旭.桥梁结构地震响应分析与抗震设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2006:311-313.XIE Xu.Seismic response analysis and seismic design of bridge structures[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2006:311-313.
[14]ASSOCIATION J R.Specifications forhighway bridges,PartⅣsubstructures[M].Japan:Maruzen,1996.
[15]SUZUKI M,AKIYAMA M,YAMAZAKI Y.Safety evaluation method of structural system and its application to seismic design of RC bridge pier[J].Concrete library international of JSCE,1997,32:43-68.
[16]李立峰,吴文朋,黄佳梅,等.地震作用下中等跨径RC连续梁桥系统易损性研究[J].土木工程学报,2012,45(10):152-160.LI Lifeng,WU Wenpeng,HUANG Jiamei,et al.Study on system vulnerability of medium span reinforced concrete continuous girder bridge under earthquake excitation[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2012,45(10):152-160.
[17]ZHAO Jun,LIN Junqi,LIU Jinlong,et al.Study on safety level of RC beam bridges under earthquake[C]//ACN-CIS,2017,Zhengzhou:AIP Comference Proceedings.
[2]王东升,冯启民.桥梁震害预测方法[J].自然灾害学报,2001,(3):113-118.WANG Dongsheng,FENG Qimin.Seismic damage assessment methods for bridges[J].Journal of natural disasters,2001,(3):113-118.
[3]CHOI E,DESROCHES R,NIELSON B.Seismic fragility of typical bridges in moderate seismic zones[J].KSCE journal of civil engineering,2003,7(1):41-51.
[4]陈亮.钢筋混凝土桥梁地震易损性分析方法[J].上海公路,2007,3:48-51.CHEN Liang.Seismic fragility analytical methodology for reinforced concrete bridges[J].Shanghai Highways,2007,3:48-51.
[5]王占飞,张济宁,赵乃志.日本高速道路桥梁抗震设计方法的研究[J].世界桥梁,2008,4:13-15.WANG Zhanfei,ZHANG Jining,ZHAO Naizhi.Study of seismic design methods for expressway bridges in japan[J].World Bridges,2008,4:13-15.
[6]武清玺.结构可靠度理论、方法及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2014:39-84.WU Qingxi.Structural reliability theory,method and application[M].Beijing:Science Press,2004:39-84.
[7]叶爱君.桥梁抗震[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2011:14-32.YE Aijun.Seismic design of bridges[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2011:14-32.
[8]陈文元,赵雷,钟强文,等.基于响应面法的连续刚构地震可靠度分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2009,29(3):45-50.CHEN Wenyuan,ZHAO Lei,ZHONG Qiangwen,et al.Seismic reliability analysis of rigid frame bridge based on response surface method[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering&Engineering Vibration,2009,29(3):45-50.
[9]程进.基于响应面法的几何非线性结构概率响应分析[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2006,34(9):1147-1151.CHENG Jin.Probabilistic response analysis of geometrically nonlinear structures based on systematic response surface method[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural science),2006,34(9):1147-1151.
[10]欧进萍,段宇博.高层建筑结构的抗震可靠度分析与优化设计[J].地震工程与工程振动,1995,15(1):1-13.OU Jinping,DUAN Yubo.Seismic reliability analysis and optimum design of tall buildings[J].Earthquake Engineering&Engineering Vibration,1995,15(1):1-13.
[11]Motoyuki Suzuki,Mitsuyoshi Akiyama,Yasunori Yamazaki,et al.Method of evaluating earthquake safety of RCbridge system based on reliability theory.Concrete Library International of JSCE,2001,38:33-50.
[12]JTC/TB02-01-2008.公路桥梁抗震设计细则[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2008.JTC/TB02-01-2008.Guidelines for seismic design of highway bridges[S].Beijing:China Communications Press,2008.
[13]谢旭.桥梁结构地震响应分析与抗震设计[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2006:311-313.XIE Xu.Seismic response analysis and seismic design of bridge structures[M].Beijing:China Communications Press,2006:311-313.
[14]ASSOCIATION J R.Specifications forhighway bridges,PartⅣsubstructures[M].Japan:Maruzen,1996.
[15]SUZUKI M,AKIYAMA M,YAMAZAKI Y.Safety evaluation method of structural system and its application to seismic design of RC bridge pier[J].Concrete library international of JSCE,1997,32:43-68.
[16]李立峰,吴文朋,黄佳梅,等.地震作用下中等跨径RC连续梁桥系统易损性研究[J].土木工程学报,2012,45(10):152-160.LI Lifeng,WU Wenpeng,HUANG Jiamei,et al.Study on system vulnerability of medium span reinforced concrete continuous girder bridge under earthquake excitation[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2012,45(10):152-160.
[17]ZHAO Jun,LIN Junqi,LIU Jinlong,et al.Study on safety level of RC beam bridges under earthquake[C]//ACN-CIS,2017,Zhengzhou:AIP Comference Proceedings.