从丝织品价格波动看汉代社会消费变迁
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摘要
西汉前期至东汉,丝织品价格有较大波动,不同地区丝织品价格也表现出很大差异。通过对比丝织品各时期、不同地域的价格波动差异及与其他生活消费品价格差异,发现随着时间的推移,丝织品与其他商品的价格比值在逐步缩减,消费丝织品的数量却在递增。这一现象说明,汉代社会消费水平在不断提高,丝织品逐渐演变为社会消费的主要商品,其中缣、素、练等是消费丝织品中的主要品种,极大冲击着封建等级制度,改变了汉代传统消费观念,丝织品消费(非生活必须品)日益成为社会消费的一般形态。
From the early stage of the Western Han dynasty to the Eastern Han dynasty,the prices of silk had large fluctuations,and also showed significant differences in different areas. By comparing the silk price fluctuation in the different periods,different areas and price difference with other consumer goods,we could find,as time goes on,the price ratio of silk and other commodities gradually shrinks,but the quantity of silk consumption is increasing. This phenomenon indicates that the social consumption level in Han dynasty improved continuously and silks became the main items of social consumption. Among them,Jian,Su and Lian were the main consumption varieties of silks.They great impacted the feudal hierarchy and changed the traditional consumption custom of Han dynasty. Silk consumption( non-necessities of life) increasingly became the general form of social consumption.
From the early stage of the Western Han dynasty to the Eastern Han dynasty,the prices of silk had large fluctuations,and also showed significant differences in different areas. By comparing the silk price fluctuation in the different periods,different areas and price difference with other consumer goods,we could find,as time goes on,the price ratio of silk and other commodities gradually shrinks,but the quantity of silk consumption is increasing. This phenomenon indicates that the social consumption level in Han dynasty improved continuously and silks became the main items of social consumption. Among them,Jian,Su and Lian were the main consumption varieties of silks.They great impacted the feudal hierarchy and changed the traditional consumption custom of Han dynasty. Silk consumption( non-necessities of life) increasingly became the general form of social consumption.
引文
[1]宋杰.《九章算术》与汉代社会经济[M].北京:首都师范大学出版社,1994:4-136.SONG Jie.“Jiu Zhang Suan Shu”and Social and Economic of Han Dynasty[M].Beijing:Capital Normal University Press,1994:4-136.
[2]丁邦友.汉代物价新探[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,2009:149-154.DING Bangyou.The New Agent Prices of Han Dynasty[M].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Press,2009:149-154.
[3]陈连庆.《史记·货殖列传》所记的西汉物价[M]//中国古代经济史论丛.哈尔滨:黑龙江人民出版社,1983:148-149.CHEN Lianqing.“Shiji·Huozhi Liezhuan”Record Prices of West Han Dynasty[M]//The Ancient Economic History of China.Harbin:Heilongjiang People's Publishing House,1983:148-149.
[4]罗庆康.《居延新简》所记的西汉物价研究[J].安徽史学,1994(2):1-6.LUO Qingkang.The research of West Han dynasty Prices about“Juyan New Slipes”[J].Anhui History,1994(2):1-6.
[5]于琨奇.秦汉奴价考辨[J].中国经济史研究,1987(1):33-44.YU Kunqi.The slave price research of Qin and Han dynasty[J].China's Economic History Research,1987(1):33-44.
[6]李振宏.《九章算术》的史学价值[J].文献,1984(3):57-72.LI Zhenhong.The history value of“Jiu Zhang Suan Shu”[J].The Literature,1984(3):57-72.
[7]温乐平.秦汉时期工农业产品比价和差价分析[J].农业考古,2007(4):37-48.WEN Leping.The analysis of industrial and agricultural product price and the price difference of Han dynasty[J].Agricultural Archaeology,2007(4):37-48.
[8]丁邦友.试探王莽时期的河西物价[J].社会科学战线,2011(11):111-117.DING Bangyou.Temptation of prices at the Hexi area of Wang Mang period[J].Social Science Front,2011(11):111-117.
[9]吴方浪.丝织品消费与汉代城市经济[J].消费经济,2015(1):23-27.WU Fanglang.Silk consumption and urban economy of Han dynasty[J].Consumer Economy,2015(1):23-27.
[10]吴方浪.汉代“蜀锦”兴起的若干原因考察[J].丝绸,2015,52(9):72-76.WU Fanglang.Investigation on various reasons for emergence of“Sichuan Brocade”in Han dynasty[J].Journal of Silk,2015,52(9):72-76.
[2]丁邦友.汉代物价新探[M].北京:中国社会科学出版社,2009:149-154.DING Bangyou.The New Agent Prices of Han Dynasty[M].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Press,2009:149-154.
[3]陈连庆.《史记·货殖列传》所记的西汉物价[M]//中国古代经济史论丛.哈尔滨:黑龙江人民出版社,1983:148-149.CHEN Lianqing.“Shiji·Huozhi Liezhuan”Record Prices of West Han Dynasty[M]//The Ancient Economic History of China.Harbin:Heilongjiang People's Publishing House,1983:148-149.
[4]罗庆康.《居延新简》所记的西汉物价研究[J].安徽史学,1994(2):1-6.LUO Qingkang.The research of West Han dynasty Prices about“Juyan New Slipes”[J].Anhui History,1994(2):1-6.
[5]于琨奇.秦汉奴价考辨[J].中国经济史研究,1987(1):33-44.YU Kunqi.The slave price research of Qin and Han dynasty[J].China's Economic History Research,1987(1):33-44.
[6]李振宏.《九章算术》的史学价值[J].文献,1984(3):57-72.LI Zhenhong.The history value of“Jiu Zhang Suan Shu”[J].The Literature,1984(3):57-72.
[7]温乐平.秦汉时期工农业产品比价和差价分析[J].农业考古,2007(4):37-48.WEN Leping.The analysis of industrial and agricultural product price and the price difference of Han dynasty[J].Agricultural Archaeology,2007(4):37-48.
[8]丁邦友.试探王莽时期的河西物价[J].社会科学战线,2011(11):111-117.DING Bangyou.Temptation of prices at the Hexi area of Wang Mang period[J].Social Science Front,2011(11):111-117.
[9]吴方浪.丝织品消费与汉代城市经济[J].消费经济,2015(1):23-27.WU Fanglang.Silk consumption and urban economy of Han dynasty[J].Consumer Economy,2015(1):23-27.
[10]吴方浪.汉代“蜀锦”兴起的若干原因考察[J].丝绸,2015,52(9):72-76.WU Fanglang.Investigation on various reasons for emergence of“Sichuan Brocade”in Han dynasty[J].Journal of Silk,2015,52(9):72-76.