体育赛事与举办地城市发展的耦合时序演化及影响因素研究
|
摘要
选择环海南岛国际公路自行车赛这一洲际2.HC级体育赛事,以2006-2017年12届环岛赛统计数据与城市发展统计数据为原始数据,通过分析构建体育赛事与城市发展评价指标体系,借鉴物理学中的耦合模型,从定量的角度分析体育赛事与举办地城市发展的耦合协调关系,为进一步办好国际体育赛事提供理论指导。研究结果显示:1)环岛赛发展系统与城市发展系统之间存在显著相关性,系统要素之间相互作用、相互影响,具有显著耦合特征;2)环岛赛与城市发展虽然综合发展水平不一致,但总体均呈波动上升趋势,两系统要素间互相影响、互相作用对整个系统发展水平的提升具有一定的推动作用;3)两系统之间的耦合度和耦合协调度逐年提升,以2014年为分水岭,实现了由严重失调到中级协调的转变,但新一轮的政策红利与城市发展为环岛赛发展水平的提升提供更多的资源与条件,从而将进一步推动环岛赛举办城市发展水平的提高;4)耦合协调度的影响因素分析表明,旅游收入与全社会固定资产投资对耦合协调度的影响较大,第三产业从业人数、城市绿化覆盖率、城市GDP等也具有较为显著的相关性,不同因素之间的综合作用促进体育赛事与城市发展耦合协调度的不断提高。
The paper selects the Intercontinental 2.HC-class road cycling event"Tour of Hainan" as example, and takes the statistical data of 12 Tour of Hainan from 2006 to 2017 and urban developmental statistics as the original data.The paper constructsthe evaluation index system of sports events and urban development through analysis, and uses the coupling model in physicsto analyze the coupling and coordinatingrelation between the sports events and the host city development from a quantitative perspective, and further provides theoretical guidance for better hosting the sports events in the future. The results show that: 1) There is a signi?cant correlation between the development system of Tour of Hainanand the urban developmental system. There is interaction between system elements with signi?cant coupling characteristics. 2) The Tour of Hainan and urban development are inconsistent in the comprehensive development level, however, the overall trend isvolatileand rising. The mutual influence and interaction between the two system elements will promote the development level of the whole system. 3) The degree of coupling and coupling coordination between the two systems had both increased year by year.It experienced a transformation from serious imbalance to intermediate coordination before and after 2014. However, a new round of favored policies and urban development will provide more resources and conditions for the development of Tour of Hainan, which will further promote the development of the host city. 4) The analysis of the in?uencing factors of the coupling coordination degree shows that the tourism income and the ?xed asset investment of the society have greatimpact on the coupling coordination degree. The number of employees in the tertiary industry, urban green coverage, and urban GDP are also related. The comprehensive in?uence of different factors promotes the coupling coordination of sports events and urban development.
The paper selects the Intercontinental 2.HC-class road cycling event"Tour of Hainan" as example, and takes the statistical data of 12 Tour of Hainan from 2006 to 2017 and urban developmental statistics as the original data.The paper constructsthe evaluation index system of sports events and urban development through analysis, and uses the coupling model in physicsto analyze the coupling and coordinatingrelation between the sports events and the host city development from a quantitative perspective, and further provides theoretical guidance for better hosting the sports events in the future. The results show that: 1) There is a signi?cant correlation between the development system of Tour of Hainanand the urban developmental system. There is interaction between system elements with signi?cant coupling characteristics. 2) The Tour of Hainan and urban development are inconsistent in the comprehensive development level, however, the overall trend isvolatileand rising. The mutual influence and interaction between the two system elements will promote the development level of the whole system. 3) The degree of coupling and coupling coordination between the two systems had both increased year by year.It experienced a transformation from serious imbalance to intermediate coordination before and after 2014. However, a new round of favored policies and urban development will provide more resources and conditions for the development of Tour of Hainan, which will further promote the development of the host city. 4) The analysis of the in?uencing factors of the coupling coordination degree shows that the tourism income and the ?xed asset investment of the society have greatimpact on the coupling coordination degree. The number of employees in the tertiary industry, urban green coverage, and urban GDP are also related. The comprehensive in?uence of different factors promotes the coupling coordination of sports events and urban development.
引文
蔡兴林,刘辛丹,2018.中国西部地区城市发展与举办体育赛事的契合研究--基于城市竞争力理论视角[J].山东体育学院学报,34(2):34-38.
邓椿,2018.山西省旅游产业-城镇化-生态环境耦合协调发展分析[J].地域研究与开发,37(3):85-89.
冯巍,辜德宏,孟文光,2018.城市体育元素提升城市品牌形象的作用机制和发展策略--基于城市空间理论的思考[J].体育文化导刊,(8):32-37.
国家统计局,2018.2016年国家体育产业总规模与增加值数据公告[EB/OL].[2018-01-13].http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zxfb/201801/t20180113_1573014.html
国务院办公厅,2018.国务院办公厅关于促进全域旅游发展的指导意见[EB/OL].[2018-11-13].http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2018-03/22/content_5276447.htm.
国务院办公厅,2014.国务院关于加快发展体育产业促进体育消费的若干意见[EB/OL].[2018-11-13].http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2014-10/20/content_9152.htm.
胡雪蓉,2017.环岛赛:车轮下的城市圈[EB/OL].[2017-11-10].http://sports.people.com.cn/n1/2017/1110/c22155-29639504.html.
黄海燕,康逸琨,2018.体育赛事与城市形象契合对观众满意度和重游意向的影响[J].中国体育科技,54(4):12-20.
黄海燕,徐开娟,廉涛,等,2018.我国体育产业发展的成就、走向与举措[J].上海体育学院学报,42(5):15-21,37.
姜付高,曹莉,2016.大型体育赛事对城市旅游空间结构影响及其优化研究--以日照打造“水上运动之都”为例[J].北京体育大学学报,39(11):38-44,111.
李采丰,陈伟,2017.基于投入产出模型的大型体育赛事经济效应分析--以重庆国际马拉松为例[J].山东体育学院学报,33(2):32-37.
梁波,张卫星,李莉,等,2018.大型体育赛事对城市生态环境的胁迫效应及应对策略研究[J].武汉体育学院学报,52(5):31-35.
梁华伟,原颜东,薛红卫,2018.基于BP神经网络的体育赛事风险预警模型[J].统计与决策,34(16):85-88.
罗秋菊,卢相宇,2011.大型体育事件游客消费经济影响实证研究--以第16届广州亚运会为例[J].体育科学,31(9):3-18,50.
彭涛,闫永涛,2011.大型体育赛事场馆设施建设对城市空间发展的影响研究--以广州“亚运城”为例[J].规划师,27(S1):10-14.
蒲毕文,贾宏,2018.大型体育赛事风险评估的结构方程模型构建及实证研究[J].中国体育科技,54(2):51-58.
史悦红,蒲毕文,2018.我国大型体育赛事组织管理模式的研究--基于政府与市场关系视角[J/OL].管理现代化,(6):42-46[2018-11-14].https://doi.org/10.19634/j.cnki.11-1403/c.2018.06.011.
孙高峰,刘燕,2018.热追捧与冷思考:“马拉松现象”对城市文化的影响及理性审视[J].北京体育大学学报,41(4):38-43,88.
谭艺,王广进,胡晓庆,等,2012.西方国家对大型体育赛事与城市(国家)研究述评[J].体育与科学,33(1):70-77,82.
田静,徐成立,2011.大型体育赛事影响城市发展评价指标体系的建立及实证分析[J].上海体育学院学报,35(3):7-13.
王聃,刘新民,2018.宪法视域下体育赛事的转播侵权研究[J].西安体育学院学报,35(5):532-536.
王凯,陈明令,2018.我国体育赛事的引致需求、现实问题与供给侧优化[J].北京体育大学学报,41(9):43-48,58.
王自强,2018.关于体育赛事直播有关版权保护问题的再思考[J].知识产权,(7):3-7.
谢洪伟,2013.大型体育赛事与城市发展耦合研究[D].北京体育大学.
徐成立,刘买如,刘聪,等,2011.国内外大型体育赛事与城市发展的研究述评[J].上海体育学院学报,35(4):36-41,73.
徐盛华,2013.基于耦合视角下体育赛事对城市发展影响的研究[D].江西财经大学.
于萌,朱焱,王玮瑛.基于IPA分析的我国大型体育赛事商业运营的服务质量评价与改进研究[J].成都体育学院学报,2018,44(4):35-41.
张卫星,王颖,孔垂辉,2018.筹办冬奥会促进北京国际体育中心城市建设效应及发展策略研究[J].北京体育大学学报,41(5):23-31.
钟天朗,王荣朴,张林,等,2009.上海国际体育大赛与城市文化发展互动关系研究[J].体育科学,29(6):19-27.
周晓丽,马小明,2017.国际体育赛事对举办城市旅游经济影响实证分析[J].经济问题探索,(9):38-45.
CHRIS GRATTON,NIGEL DOBSON,SIMON SHIBLI,2000.The economic importance of major sports events:A case-study of six events[J].Managing Leisure,5(1):17-28.
DAMD C,WATT,1988.Event management in leisure and tourism[M].Addsion Wesley Longman:2.
FOURIE J,SPRONK K,2011.South African mega-sport events and their impact on tourism.[J].J Sport Tourism,16(1):75-97.
GETZ DONALD,1997.Event management and event tourism[M].Cognizant Communication Corporation,Newyork:4.
JOHNNY ALLEN,WILLIAM O’TOOLE,ROBERT HARRIS,et al.,2002.Festival and special event managemengt[M].John wiley&Sons Australia,Ltd.:11.
KENNETH ROBERTS,2004.The Leisure Industries[M].London:Palgrave:108.
MATTHEW.J,BURBANK,GREG ANDRANOVICH et al.,2002.Mega-events,urban development and public policy[J].Rev Policy Res,19(3):113-131.
NANCY M.,HODUR M S,F.LARRY LEISTRITZ PhD,2007.Estimating the economic impact of event tourism[J].J Convention&Event Tourism,8(4):63-79.
(1)数据来源：百度百科https：//baike.baidu.com/item/环海南岛国际公路自行车赛/2929819?fr=aladdin。
邓椿,2018.山西省旅游产业-城镇化-生态环境耦合协调发展分析[J].地域研究与开发,37(3):85-89.
冯巍,辜德宏,孟文光,2018.城市体育元素提升城市品牌形象的作用机制和发展策略--基于城市空间理论的思考[J].体育文化导刊,(8):32-37.
国家统计局,2018.2016年国家体育产业总规模与增加值数据公告[EB/OL].[2018-01-13].http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zxfb/201801/t20180113_1573014.html
国务院办公厅,2018.国务院办公厅关于促进全域旅游发展的指导意见[EB/OL].[2018-11-13].http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2018-03/22/content_5276447.htm.
国务院办公厅,2014.国务院关于加快发展体育产业促进体育消费的若干意见[EB/OL].[2018-11-13].http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2014-10/20/content_9152.htm.
胡雪蓉,2017.环岛赛:车轮下的城市圈[EB/OL].[2017-11-10].http://sports.people.com.cn/n1/2017/1110/c22155-29639504.html.
黄海燕,康逸琨,2018.体育赛事与城市形象契合对观众满意度和重游意向的影响[J].中国体育科技,54(4):12-20.
黄海燕,徐开娟,廉涛,等,2018.我国体育产业发展的成就、走向与举措[J].上海体育学院学报,42(5):15-21,37.
姜付高,曹莉,2016.大型体育赛事对城市旅游空间结构影响及其优化研究--以日照打造“水上运动之都”为例[J].北京体育大学学报,39(11):38-44,111.
李采丰,陈伟,2017.基于投入产出模型的大型体育赛事经济效应分析--以重庆国际马拉松为例[J].山东体育学院学报,33(2):32-37.
梁波,张卫星,李莉,等,2018.大型体育赛事对城市生态环境的胁迫效应及应对策略研究[J].武汉体育学院学报,52(5):31-35.
梁华伟,原颜东,薛红卫,2018.基于BP神经网络的体育赛事风险预警模型[J].统计与决策,34(16):85-88.
罗秋菊,卢相宇,2011.大型体育事件游客消费经济影响实证研究--以第16届广州亚运会为例[J].体育科学,31(9):3-18,50.
彭涛,闫永涛,2011.大型体育赛事场馆设施建设对城市空间发展的影响研究--以广州“亚运城”为例[J].规划师,27(S1):10-14.
蒲毕文,贾宏,2018.大型体育赛事风险评估的结构方程模型构建及实证研究[J].中国体育科技,54(2):51-58.
史悦红,蒲毕文,2018.我国大型体育赛事组织管理模式的研究--基于政府与市场关系视角[J/OL].管理现代化,(6):42-46[2018-11-14].https://doi.org/10.19634/j.cnki.11-1403/c.2018.06.011.
孙高峰,刘燕,2018.热追捧与冷思考:“马拉松现象”对城市文化的影响及理性审视[J].北京体育大学学报,41(4):38-43,88.
谭艺,王广进,胡晓庆,等,2012.西方国家对大型体育赛事与城市(国家)研究述评[J].体育与科学,33(1):70-77,82.
田静,徐成立,2011.大型体育赛事影响城市发展评价指标体系的建立及实证分析[J].上海体育学院学报,35(3):7-13.
王聃,刘新民,2018.宪法视域下体育赛事的转播侵权研究[J].西安体育学院学报,35(5):532-536.
王凯,陈明令,2018.我国体育赛事的引致需求、现实问题与供给侧优化[J].北京体育大学学报,41(9):43-48,58.
王自强,2018.关于体育赛事直播有关版权保护问题的再思考[J].知识产权,(7):3-7.
谢洪伟,2013.大型体育赛事与城市发展耦合研究[D].北京体育大学.
徐成立,刘买如,刘聪,等,2011.国内外大型体育赛事与城市发展的研究述评[J].上海体育学院学报,35(4):36-41,73.
徐盛华,2013.基于耦合视角下体育赛事对城市发展影响的研究[D].江西财经大学.
于萌,朱焱,王玮瑛.基于IPA分析的我国大型体育赛事商业运营的服务质量评价与改进研究[J].成都体育学院学报,2018,44(4):35-41.
张卫星,王颖,孔垂辉,2018.筹办冬奥会促进北京国际体育中心城市建设效应及发展策略研究[J].北京体育大学学报,41(5):23-31.
钟天朗,王荣朴,张林,等,2009.上海国际体育大赛与城市文化发展互动关系研究[J].体育科学,29(6):19-27.
周晓丽,马小明,2017.国际体育赛事对举办城市旅游经济影响实证分析[J].经济问题探索,(9):38-45.
CHRIS GRATTON,NIGEL DOBSON,SIMON SHIBLI,2000.The economic importance of major sports events:A case-study of six events[J].Managing Leisure,5(1):17-28.
DAMD C,WATT,1988.Event management in leisure and tourism[M].Addsion Wesley Longman:2.
FOURIE J,SPRONK K,2011.South African mega-sport events and their impact on tourism.[J].J Sport Tourism,16(1):75-97.
GETZ DONALD,1997.Event management and event tourism[M].Cognizant Communication Corporation,Newyork:4.
JOHNNY ALLEN,WILLIAM O’TOOLE,ROBERT HARRIS,et al.,2002.Festival and special event managemengt[M].John wiley&Sons Australia,Ltd.:11.
KENNETH ROBERTS,2004.The Leisure Industries[M].London:Palgrave:108.
MATTHEW.J,BURBANK,GREG ANDRANOVICH et al.,2002.Mega-events,urban development and public policy[J].Rev Policy Res,19(3):113-131.
NANCY M.,HODUR M S,F.LARRY LEISTRITZ PhD,2007.Estimating the economic impact of event tourism[J].J Convention&Event Tourism,8(4):63-79.
(1)数据来源：百度百科https：//baike.baidu.com/item/环海南岛国际公路自行车赛/2929819?fr=aladdin。