确定延时爆破间隔时间的新方法
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摘要
随着城市的发展,城市爆破对振动的控制越来越严格,延时爆破是比较常用的减振手段之一。依据波的叠加原理与波的干涉,对爆破地震波的叠加效应进行理论分析,可以推导出2孔延时爆炸产生爆破地震波叠加的波动方程,得出延时爆破的最佳间隔时间;同时利用波形峰值包络线的思想与爆破地震波叠加的波动方程,拟合出了测点处质点振动速度的近似解析式;最后通过案例,利用单炮次爆破振动波形图,拟合测点处质点振动速度的表达式,根据不同延时间隔时间爆破振动的理论波形图,确定最佳的延时爆破间隔时间。
With the development of the city,the control of urban blasting vibration is becoming more and more strict.Delay blasting is one of the most common methods to reduce the vibration.Based on the superposition principle and the interference of wave,the superposition effect of blasting seismic wave is analyzed theoretically.The wave equation of the blasting seismic wave is generated by the two-hole delay explosion,and the optimal interval of the time of delay blasting is obtained.At the same time,by using the wave peak envelope line and the wave equation of the blasting seismic wave,the approximate analytic formula of the particle peak velocity at the measuring point is fitted.Finally,through the case,the expression of the particle peak velocity at the measuring point is fitted by the single-shot blasting vibration waveform,and according to the theoretical waveforms of different time delay blasting vibration,the optimal delay blasting interval is determined.
With the development of the city,the control of urban blasting vibration is becoming more and more strict.Delay blasting is one of the most common methods to reduce the vibration.Based on the superposition principle and the interference of wave,the superposition effect of blasting seismic wave is analyzed theoretically.The wave equation of the blasting seismic wave is generated by the two-hole delay explosion,and the optimal interval of the time of delay blasting is obtained.At the same time,by using the wave peak envelope line and the wave equation of the blasting seismic wave,the approximate analytic formula of the particle peak velocity at the measuring point is fitted.Finally,through the case,the expression of the particle peak velocity at the measuring point is fitted by the single-shot blasting vibration waveform,and according to the theoretical waveforms of different time delay blasting vibration,the optimal delay blasting interval is determined.
引文
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[17]龚敏,赵振振,吴昊骏,等.针对建构筑物不同振速要求的隧道爆破药量计算方法[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(7):1747-1753.Gong Min,Zhao Zhenzhen,Wu Haojun,et al.Computational method of blasting charges under different vibration velocity limits of buildings and structures around tunnel[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(7):1747-1753.
[2]李镇明,张瑀,周广春.单自由度体系有阻尼自由振动振幅包络线的性质研究与数学证明[J].数学的实践与认识,2015,45(21):227-232.Li Zhenming,Zhang Yu,Zhou Guangchun.Characteristics of the envelope of damped free vibrations of SDOF systems and its proof[J].Mathematics in Practice and Theory,2015,45(21):227-232.
[3]廖先葵.深孔爆破大规模干扰减震机理及其应用[J].爆破,1993(4):1-6.Liao Xiankui.Large scale interference shock absorption mechanism and its application in deep hole blasting[J].Blasting,1993(4):1-6.
[4]刘清泉,李玉民.城市地下工程的减震爆破技术[J].煤炭科学技术,1991(10):13-15.Liu Qingquan,Li Yumin.Cushion blasting technique for city underground project[J].Coal Science and Technology,1991(10):13-15.
[5]薛孔宽,唐光荣,曹恒安,等.分段微差爆破地震效应的叠加分析[J].爆破,1991(3):67-71.Xue Likuan,Tang Guangrong,Cao Heng'an,et al.Overlapping analysis of seismic effects of particle borehole blasting[J].Blasting,1991(3):67-71.
[6]魏晓林,刘翼.爆破拆除楼房时塌落振动的预测[J].工程爆破,2016,22(2):13-18.Wei Xiaolin,Liu Yi.Prediction of collapse vibration of building demolished by blasting[J].Engineering Blasting,2016,22(2):13-18.
[7]张迪.地铁隧道精确延时爆破振动传播规律与控制试验研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学(北京),2016.Zhang Di.Vibration Propagation Regularity and Control Experiment Research of Metro Tunnel with Precise Delay[D].Beijing:China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),2016.
[8]陈继强,刘为洲.多孔爆破振动强度的单孔波形叠加计算[J].金属矿山,2000(8):23-25.Chen Jiqiang,Liu Weizhou.Single hole waveform superimposed calculation of the vibration strength of multihole blasting[J].Metal Mine,2000(8):23-25.
[9]陈士海,燕永峰,戚桂峰,等.微差爆破将震效果影响因素分析[J].岩土力学,2011,32(10):303-308.Chen Shihai,Yan Yongfeng,Qi Guifeng,et al.Analysis of influence factors of interence vibration reduction of millisecond blasting[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(10):303-308.
[10]Basebi T,Thomas R M.A study of moving mesh methods applied to a thin flame propagating in a detonator delay element[J].Computers and Mathematics with Applications,2003,45(1):131-163.
[11]田振农,孟祥栋,王国欣.城区隧道电子雷管起爆错相减震机理分析[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(21):108-111.Tian Zhennong,Meng Xiangdong,Wang Guoxin.Mechanism analysis of fault-phase vibration reduction for tunnel blasting initiated by electronic detonators in city area[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2012,31(21):108-111.
[12]胡建华,尚俊龙,罗先伟,等.单孔爆破振动监测与衰减规律多元线性化回归[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(16):49-53.Hu Jianhua,Shang Junlong,Luo Xianwei,et al.Monitoring of single-hole blasting vibration and detection of its attenuation law by using multiple linear regression[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(16):49-53.
[13]喻军,刘松玉,童立元.浅埋隧道爆破振动空洞效应[J].东南大学学报:自然科学版,2010,40(1):176-179.Yu Jun,Liu Songyu,Tong Liyuan.Hollow effect induced by blasting vibration in shallow tunnels[J].Journal of Southeast University:Natural Science Edition,2010,40(1):176-179.
[14]段如泰,金振奎,索重辉,等.用地震定位方法研究矿山爆破中的地震波传播速度[J].科学技术与工程,2011,11(36):8967-8977.Duan Rutai,Jin Zhenkui,Suo Chonghui,et al.Earthquake location method used in velocity study of mine explosion stimulating seismic wave[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2011,11(36):8967-8977.
[15]胡鹤飞.MATLAB及应用[M].北京:北京邮电大学出版社,2012.Hu Hefei.MATLAB and Its Application[M]:Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Press,2012.
[16]李洪涛,卢文波,舒大强,等.爆破地震波的能量衰减规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(1):3364-3369.Li Hongtao,Lu Wenbo,Shu Daqiang,et al.Study of energy attenuation law of blast-induced seismic wave[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(1):3364-3369.
[17]龚敏,赵振振,吴昊骏,等.针对建构筑物不同振速要求的隧道爆破药量计算方法[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(7):1747-1753.Gong Min,Zhao Zhenzhen,Wu Haojun,et al.Computational method of blasting charges under different vibration velocity limits of buildings and structures around tunnel[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(7):1747-1753.