采用同步型交替方向乘子法的微电网分散式动态经济调度算法
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摘要
微电网中各类电源特性各异,网络通信能力不足以及对发电单元隐私保护的需求,对集中式经济调度提出了挑战。综合考虑常规发电机组的发电成本、新能源发电的弃置费用、储能装置的折旧费用及网络有功损耗,按照各发电单元和储能装置在网络中的接入位置进行分区,从而建立微网分散式动态经济调度模型。采用同步型交替方向乘子算法,每次迭代过程中相邻区域之间仅需交换电压相角信息,即可实现各区域经济调度之间并行求解,从而得到最优解。并以某实际微网为测试系统,验证了所提算法的正确性和有效性。
The various characteristics between distributed energy resources,the insufficient network communications and the privacy-preserving demands in microgrids for distributed economic dispatch(DERs) of are challenges.In this paper,we build up the microgrid's distributed dynamic economic dispatch model considering the generation cost of power production by conventional units,the abandoned cost of renewable energies,the storage devices depreciation expense,active power loss expense of the network.And the microgrid model is divided into regions based on the access locations of power supply units and energy storage devices.By using the synchronous alternating direction method of multipliers algorithm,each region only solves its individual optimization and exchanges the phase angle information with its neighbors at each iteration,to realize the optimal solution.We also test a real microgrid to show the accuracy and effectiveness of this algorithm.
The various characteristics between distributed energy resources,the insufficient network communications and the privacy-preserving demands in microgrids for distributed economic dispatch(DERs) of are challenges.In this paper,we build up the microgrid's distributed dynamic economic dispatch model considering the generation cost of power production by conventional units,the abandoned cost of renewable energies,the storage devices depreciation expense,active power loss expense of the network.And the microgrid model is divided into regions based on the access locations of power supply units and energy storage devices.By using the synchronous alternating direction method of multipliers algorithm,each region only solves its individual optimization and exchanges the phase angle information with its neighbors at each iteration,to realize the optimal solution.We also test a real microgrid to show the accuracy and effectiveness of this algorithm.
引文
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[16]Crisostomi E,Liu Mingming,Raugi M,et al.Plugand-play distributed algorithms for optimized power generation in a microgrid[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2014,5(4):2145-2154.
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[18]洪奕光,张艳琼.分布式优化:算法设计和收敛性分析[J].控制理论与应用,2014,31(7):850-857.Hong Yiguang,Zhang Yanqiong.Distributed optimization:algorithm design and convergence analysis[J].Control Theory&Applications,2014,31(7):850-857.
[19]Zhang Yu,Giannakis G B.Efficient decentralized economic dispatch for microgrids with wind power integration[C]//Sixth Annual IEEE Green Technologies Conference,Minneapolis,USA,2014.
[20]Erseghe T.Distributed optimal power flow using ADMM[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2014,29(5):2370-2380.
[21]Zheng W Y,Wu W C,Zhang B M,et al.A fullydistri butedreactive power optimization and controlmethod for active distribution networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2016,7(2):1021-1033.
[22]毛晓明,陈深,吴杰康,等.分时电价机制下含蓄电池微网的优化调度[J].电网技术,2015,39(5):1192-1197.Mao Xiaoming,Chen Shen,Wu Jiekang,et al.Optimal dispatching of microgrid containing battery under time-of-use price mechanism[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(5):1192-1197.
[23]GAMS Development Corporation.GAMS,thesolvers'manual[EB/OL].http://www.gams.com/solvers/allsolvers.pdf.
[2]杨新法,苏剑,吕志鹏,等.微网技术综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(1):57-70.Yang Xinfa,Su Jian,LüZhipeng,et al.Overview on micro-grid technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(1):57-70.
[3]王成山,武震,李鹏.微电网关键技术研究[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(2):1-12.Wang Chengshan,Wu Zhen,Li Peng.Research on key technologies of microgrid[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(2):1-12.
[4]沈沉,吴翔宇,王志文,等.微电网实践与发展思考[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(5):1-11.Shen Chen,Wu Xiangyu,Wang Zhiwen,el al.Practice and rethinking of microgrids[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(5):1-11.
[5]张先勇,舒洁,吴昌宏,等.一种海岛分布式光伏发电微电网[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(10):55-61.Zhang Xianyong,Shu Jie,Wu Changhong,et al.Island microgrid based on distributed photovoltaic generation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(10):55-61.
[6]黄伟,黄婷,周欢,等.基于改进微分进化算法的微电网动态经济优化调度[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(9):211-217.Huang Wei,Huang Ting,Zhou Huan,et al.Dynamic economical dispatch for microgrid based on improved differential evolution algorithm[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(9):211-217.
[7]刘方,杨秀,时珊珊,等.基于序列运算的微网经济优化调度[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(20):227-237.Liu Fang,Yang Xiu,Shi Shanshan,et al.Economic operation of micro-grid based on sequence operation[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(20):227-237.
[8]刘小平,丁明,张颖媛,等.微网系统的动态经济调度[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(31):77-84.Liu Xiaoping,Ding Ming,Zhang Yingyuan,et al.Dynamic economic dispatch for microgrids[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(31):77-84.
[9]Hoke A,Brissette A,Chandler S,et al.Look-ahead economic dispatch of microgrids with energy storage,using linear programming[C]//2013 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability(Sus Tech),Portland,USA,2013.
[10]吴雄,王秀丽,王建学,等.微网经济调度问题的混合整数规划方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(28):1-8.Wu Xiong,Wang Xiuli,Wang Jianxue,et al.Economic generation scheduling of a microgrid using mixed integer programming[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(28):1-8.
[11]艾欣,崔明勇,雷之力.基于混沌蚁群算法的微网环保经济调度[J].华北电力大学学报,2009,36(5):1-6.Ai Xin,Cui Mingyong,Lei Zhili.Environmental and economic dispatch of microgrid using chaotic ant swarm algorithms[J].Journal of North China Electric Power University,2009,36(5):1-6.
[12]陈达威,朱桂萍.微电网负荷优化分配[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(20):45-49.Chen Dawei,Zhu Guuiping.An investigation on optimal load distribution of microgrids[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(20):45-49.
[13]宋晓英,王艳松.基于协同进化遗传算法的微网经济环保调度[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(5):85-89.Song Xiaoying,Wang Yansong.Economic and environmental dispatch of microgrid using co-evolutionary genetic algorithm[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(5):85-89.
[14]李佩杰,陆镛,白晓清,等.基于交替方向乘子法的动态经济调度分散式优化[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(10):2428-2435.Li Peijie,Lu Yong,Bai Xiaoqing,et al.Decentralized optimization for dynamic economic dispatch based on alternating direction method of multipliers[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(10):2428-2435.
[15]窦春霞,李娜,徐晓龙.基于多智能体系统的微电网分散协调控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(7):125-134.Dou Chunxia,Li Na,Xu Xiaolong.Multi-agent system based decentralized coordinated control strategy for migrogrids[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(7):125-134.
[16]Crisostomi E,Liu Mingming,Raugi M,et al.Plugand-play distributed algorithms for optimized power generation in a microgrid[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2014,5(4):2145-2154.
[17]Wang Zhe,Yang Kai,Wang X F.Privacy-preserving energy scheduling in microgridsystems[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2013,4(4):1810-1820.
[18]洪奕光,张艳琼.分布式优化:算法设计和收敛性分析[J].控制理论与应用,2014,31(7):850-857.Hong Yiguang,Zhang Yanqiong.Distributed optimization:algorithm design and convergence analysis[J].Control Theory&Applications,2014,31(7):850-857.
[19]Zhang Yu,Giannakis G B.Efficient decentralized economic dispatch for microgrids with wind power integration[C]//Sixth Annual IEEE Green Technologies Conference,Minneapolis,USA,2014.
[20]Erseghe T.Distributed optimal power flow using ADMM[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2014,29(5):2370-2380.
[21]Zheng W Y,Wu W C,Zhang B M,et al.A fullydistri butedreactive power optimization and controlmethod for active distribution networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2016,7(2):1021-1033.
[22]毛晓明,陈深,吴杰康,等.分时电价机制下含蓄电池微网的优化调度[J].电网技术,2015,39(5):1192-1197.Mao Xiaoming,Chen Shen,Wu Jiekang,et al.Optimal dispatching of microgrid containing battery under time-of-use price mechanism[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(5):1192-1197.
[23]GAMS Development Corporation.GAMS,thesolvers'manual[EB/OL].http://www.gams.com/solvers/allsolvers.pdf.