基于自适应遗传算法的PI控制在MPPT中的应用研究
|
摘要
光伏阵列是将太阳能转化为电能的组合装置,是光伏发电系统中的核心部分。最大限度利用光伏阵列的输出能量是光伏发电技术所考虑的重要问题之一。根据硅太阳电池的电气特性,建立了硅太阳电池的等效数学模型,介绍了传统电导增量法实现最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)的基本原理,并针对该方法电压扰动步长的不足,提出了一种基于自适应遗传算法的数字PI控制变步长跟踪方法,通过Matlab/simulink进行S函数建模和仿真,实现了光伏阵列最大功率点(MPP)的跟踪。仿真结果表明,该控制方法能够快速准确的跟踪最大功率点,使系统具有良好的动态性能和稳定性能。
Photovoltaic array,a combined device to convert solar energy into electric energy,is the core of photovoltaic system. Maximizing the output energy of PV modules is one of the important issues considered in photovoltaic technology. Firstly,the equivalent mathematical model is established in accord with the electrical characteristics of silicon solar cells and the basic principle of maximum power point tracking(MPPT) is introduced. Secondly,this paper proposed a kind of variable step tracking method,digital PI control based on adaptive genetic algorithm,which aimed to improve the flaws of voltage disturbance step. Finally,the S-function and simulation are carried out by Matlab/simulink to realize the tracking of the maximum power point(MPP)of Photovoltaic array. The simulation results show that this kind of control method can track the maximum power point quickly and accurately,and the system has good dynamic and stable performance.
Photovoltaic array,a combined device to convert solar energy into electric energy,is the core of photovoltaic system. Maximizing the output energy of PV modules is one of the important issues considered in photovoltaic technology. Firstly,the equivalent mathematical model is established in accord with the electrical characteristics of silicon solar cells and the basic principle of maximum power point tracking(MPPT) is introduced. Secondly,this paper proposed a kind of variable step tracking method,digital PI control based on adaptive genetic algorithm,which aimed to improve the flaws of voltage disturbance step. Finally,the S-function and simulation are carried out by Matlab/simulink to realize the tracking of the maximum power point(MPP)of Photovoltaic array. The simulation results show that this kind of control method can track the maximum power point quickly and accurately,and the system has good dynamic and stable performance.
引文
[1]戴志威,舒杰,吴昌宏.基于环境参数模型的定电压MPPT控制算法研究[J].电力电子技术,2015,49(5):61—63.
[2]许洁,刘星桥.基于恒电压跟踪法和自适应占空比扰动法的最大功率点跟踪研究[J].电测与仪表,2016,53(9):7—12,29.
[3]齐洁莹,周明,史文秀,等.基于分区域控制法的MPPT研究与仿真[J].黑龙江电力,2016,38(6):529—532,536.
[4]荣德生,刘凤.改进型扰动观察法在光伏MPPT中的研究[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2017,29(3):104—109.
[5]CHEN Kai,TIAN Shu-lin,CHENG Yu-hua,et al.A Si-nglePhase Single-Stage Grid-Connected Photovolt-aic(PV)System[J].China Academic Journal Elect-ronic Publishing House,2015:728—734.
[6]汤济泽,王丛岭,房学法.一种基于电导增量法的MPPT实现策略[J].电力电子术,2011,45(4):73—75.
[7]万庆祝,张帆.基于模糊控制与自适应步长相结合的光伏发电系统最大功率点跟踪研究[J].电气工程学报,2017,12(3):33—40.
[8]李宏玉,落文斌,吕金淼.基于改进的模糊控制在MPPT系统中的应用[J].自动化与仪器仪表,2017(3):162—164,168.
[9]YAO Zhi-qing,ZHANG Qian,LIU Xi-mei.Applicationof a Fuzzy Self-tuning PI Controller in a Grid-C-onnected PV Generation System[C]//.International Conference on ICCE2011,AISC 112.Germany:2011:823—834.
[10]苏建徽,余世杰,赵为,等.硅太阳电池工程用数学模型[J].太阳能学报,2001,22(4):409—412.
[11]孟蕾,钟宁帆.一种数字PID控制的扰动观察法光伏电池MPPT仿真[J].科研发展,2012:77—79.
[12]吴茂.基于数字PID控制的光伏MPPT研究[J].中国教育技术装备,2012(9):98—100.
[13]韩瑞锋.遗传算法原理与应用实例[M].北京:兵器工业出版社,2010:330—333.
[14]黄友锐,曲立国.PID控制器参数整定与实现[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:28—35.
[2]许洁,刘星桥.基于恒电压跟踪法和自适应占空比扰动法的最大功率点跟踪研究[J].电测与仪表,2016,53(9):7—12,29.
[3]齐洁莹,周明,史文秀,等.基于分区域控制法的MPPT研究与仿真[J].黑龙江电力,2016,38(6):529—532,536.
[4]荣德生,刘凤.改进型扰动观察法在光伏MPPT中的研究[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2017,29(3):104—109.
[5]CHEN Kai,TIAN Shu-lin,CHENG Yu-hua,et al.A Si-nglePhase Single-Stage Grid-Connected Photovolt-aic(PV)System[J].China Academic Journal Elect-ronic Publishing House,2015:728—734.
[6]汤济泽,王丛岭,房学法.一种基于电导增量法的MPPT实现策略[J].电力电子术,2011,45(4):73—75.
[7]万庆祝,张帆.基于模糊控制与自适应步长相结合的光伏发电系统最大功率点跟踪研究[J].电气工程学报,2017,12(3):33—40.
[8]李宏玉,落文斌,吕金淼.基于改进的模糊控制在MPPT系统中的应用[J].自动化与仪器仪表,2017(3):162—164,168.
[9]YAO Zhi-qing,ZHANG Qian,LIU Xi-mei.Applicationof a Fuzzy Self-tuning PI Controller in a Grid-C-onnected PV Generation System[C]//.International Conference on ICCE2011,AISC 112.Germany:2011:823—834.
[10]苏建徽,余世杰,赵为,等.硅太阳电池工程用数学模型[J].太阳能学报,2001,22(4):409—412.
[11]孟蕾,钟宁帆.一种数字PID控制的扰动观察法光伏电池MPPT仿真[J].科研发展,2012:77—79.
[12]吴茂.基于数字PID控制的光伏MPPT研究[J].中国教育技术装备,2012(9):98—100.
[13]韩瑞锋.遗传算法原理与应用实例[M].北京:兵器工业出版社,2010:330—333.
[14]黄友锐,曲立国.PID控制器参数整定与实现[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:28—35.