人工林长期生产力维护研究进展
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摘要
人工林长期生产力维护有助于人工林的可持续发展,能够为当代社会提供较多的木材产品,同时也能为生态系统的稳定和发展做出一定的贡献。本文在综述国内外对人工林长期生产力研究的基础上,通过概述枯落物分解、生物多样性、树种自身特性、林地管理、经营措施和采伐剩余物处理方式对人工林长期生产力的影响,提出了促进人工林长期生产力维护的建议,为人工林的可持续发展提供技术支撑。
It is helpful for sustainable development of plantation to maintain long-term productivity of plantation. More woodproducts will be provided due to long-term productivity maintenance which contributes to stabilization and development ofecosystem. Researches related to long-term productivity of plantation in China and foreign countries were reviewed in thispaper. The effects of litter decomposition,biodiversity,tree characteristics,forest land management,forest managementmeasures and logging residues on long-term productivity of plantation were summarized. Consequently,some suggestionswhich were benefit for long-term productivity maintenance of plantation were proposed to provide technological support forsustainable development of plantation.
It is helpful for sustainable development of plantation to maintain long-term productivity of plantation. More woodproducts will be provided due to long-term productivity maintenance which contributes to stabilization and development ofecosystem. Researches related to long-term productivity of plantation in China and foreign countries were reviewed in thispaper. The effects of litter decomposition,biodiversity,tree characteristics,forest land management,forest managementmeasures and logging residues on long-term productivity of plantation were summarized. Consequently,some suggestionswhich were benefit for long-term productivity maintenance of plantation were proposed to provide technological support forsustainable development of plantation.
引文
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[2]孙志虎.长白落叶松人工用材林长期生产力维持的研究[D].2005,哈尔滨:东北林业大学.
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[5]Gower S T,Mc Murtrie R E,Murty D.Aboveground net primary production decline with stand age:potential causes[J].Trends in Ecology&Evolution,1996,11(9):378-382.
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[8]Powers R F,Scott D A,Sanchez F G,et al.The North American long-term soil productivity experiment:findings from the first decade of research[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2005,220(1-3):31-50.
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[11]Powers R F.On the sustainable productivity of planted forests[J].New Forests,1999,17(1-3):263-306.
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[15]盛炜彤,范少辉.杉木人工林长期生产力保持机制研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[16]刘福德.杨树连作地力衰退及林地生产力维持技术的研究[D].泰安:山东农业大学,2005.
[17]刘福德,姜岳忠,王华田,等.杨树人工林连作地力维持技术的探讨[J].林业科学,2007,43(1):58-64.
[18]方升佐.中国杨树人工林培育技术研究进展[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(10):2308-2316.
[19]黄玉梅.桉树人工林地力衰退及其成因评述[J].西部林业科学,2004,33(4):21-26.
[20]刘明国,吴祥云.多年生樟子松人工纯林生长衰退及地力衰退原因分析[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2002,33(4):274-277.
[21]王胤.一二代马尾松人工林生态系统比较研究[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2005.
[22]王秀石.落叶松人工林土壤因子变化规律的研究[J].吉林林业科技,1982,4:1-11.
[23]刘世荣,李春阳.落叶松人工林养分循环过程与潜在地力衰退趋势的研究[J].东北林业大学学报,1993,21(2):19-24.
[24]宋曰钦.三倍体毛白杨纸浆林地力维持理论及关键技术研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2009.
[25]Gholz H L,Fisher R F,Prichett W L.Nutrient dynamics in slash pine plantation ecosystems[J].Ecology,1985,66(3):647-659.
[26]丁宝永,徐立英,张世英.兴安落叶松人工林营养元素的分析[J].生态学报,1989,9(1):71-76.
[27]杨超.杉木人工林生态系统长期生产力的定位研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2011.
[28]方升佐,田野.人工林生态系统生物多样性与生产力的关系[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2012,36(4):1-6.
[29]Lawton J H,Brown V K.Redundancy in ecosystems[M].Springer Berlin Heidelberg,1994.
[30]Naeem S,hompson L J,Lawler S P,et al.Declining biodiversity can alter the performance of ecosystems[J].Nature,1994,368(6473):734.
[31]张庆,牛建明,王秀梅.生物多样性与生态系统功能关系研究进展[J].生物学通报,2009,44(1):15-17.
[32]Tilman D,Wed in D,K nops J.Productivity and sustainability influenced by biodiversity in grassland ecosystems[J].Nature,1996,379(6567):718-720.
[33]张巍.东北林区落叶松人工林群落自然化经营模式研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2008.
[34]Hector A.The effect of diversity on productivity:detecting the role of species complementarity[J].Oikos,1998,82:597-599.
[35]Tilman D,Lehman C L,Thomson K T.Plant diversity and ecosystem productivity:theoretical considerations[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,1997,94(5):1857-1861.
[36]Kassen R,Buckling A,Bell G,et al.Diversity peaks at intermediate productivity in a laboratory microcosm[J].Nature,2000,406(6795):508-512.
[37]Hughes J B,Petchey O L.Merging perspectives on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning[J].Trends in Ecology&Evolution,2001,16(5):222-223.
[38]张全国,张大勇.生产力,可靠度与物种多样性:微宇宙实验研究[J].生物多样性,2002,10(2):135-142.
[39]江小雷,张卫国,严林,等.植物群落物种多样性对生态系统生产力的影响[J].草业学报,2004,13(6):8-13.
[40]Kuiters A T,Sarink H M.Leaching of phenolic compounds from leaf and needle litter of several deciduous and coniferous trees[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,1986,18:475-480.
[41]Patrick Z.Phytotoxic substances associated with the decomposition in soil of plant residues[J].Soil Science,1971,111(1):13-18.
[42]Patterson D.Effects of allelopathic chemicals on growth and physiological responses of soybean(Glycine max)[J].Weed Science,1981,29:53-59.
[43]方奇.杉木连栽对土壤肥力及其林木生长的影响[J].林业科学,1987,23(4):389-397.
[44]陈龙池,廖利平,汪思龙,等.香草醛和对羟基苯甲酸对杉木幼苗生理特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(10):1291-1294.
[45]俞新妥,张其水.杉木连栽林地土壤生化特性及土壤肥力的研究[J].福建林学院学报,1989,9(3):263-271.
[46]李延茂,胡江春,张晶,等.杉木连栽土壤微生物多样性的比较研究[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(7):1275-1278.
[47]林思祖,杜玲.化感作用在林业中的研究进展及应用前景[J].福建林学院学报,2002,22(2):184-188
[48]徐金良,洪昌端,沈辛作,等.杉木不同类别良种改良效果的比较研究[J].林业科学研究,1997,10(3):337-340.
[49]孙长忠,沈国舫.我国主要树种人工林生产力现状及潜力的调查研究Ⅱ.桉树,落叶松及樟子松人工林生产力研究[J].林业科学研究,2001,14(6):657-667.
[50]刘日林,李兴发,洪昌端,等.杉木不同遗传改良途径良种生产力分析[J].浙江林业科技,2008,28(5):44-47.
[51]莫晓勇.雷州林业局桉树无性系良种繁育展望[J].桉树科技,1996,2:8-12.
[52]Simard M,Lecomte N,Bergeron Y,et al.Forest productivity decline caused by paludification of boreal soils[J].Ecological Application,2007,17(6):1619-1637.
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