川西高原中国沙棘叶和小枝养分物质对海拔升高的响应
|
摘要
以川西高原不同分布区域的中国沙棘为研究对象,分别沿米亚罗2 450～3 080 m和川主寺2 870～3 550 m海拔范围,测定不同海拔下叶和小枝氮(N)、磷(P)与非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)含量.结果表明:(1)在两个区域随着海拔升高,中国沙棘叶和小枝N、P、可溶性总糖(TSS)、淀粉、NSC等养分物质含量均呈非线性变化;(2)米亚罗区域叶N随着海拔升高的变化与叶NSC变化趋势一致,二者呈显著正相关关系,而在川主寺区域二者无显著相关性;(3)川主寺区域叶和小枝NSC含量整体上高于米亚罗区域,特别是小枝TSS含量较高,有利于其应对低温和干旱的环境,也可能是不利环境下碳投资受限导致;(4)在川主寺3 000 m以上的高海拔区域,叶N和光合碳水化合物供应充足,但光合产物的转运及转化为结构性物质可能受到了低温限制,全球气候变暖可能有利于中国沙棘生长和分布扩大。
The contents of nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P) and non-structural carbohydrates(NSC) in the leaves and branches of Hippophae rhamnoides L. were measured. These H.rhamnoides were planted along Miyaluo and Chuanzhusi, with altitudes ranging between 2 450-3 080 m and 2 870-3 550 m, respectively. The results showed that contents of N, P, total soluble sugar(TSS), starch and total NSC in leaves and branchlets varied nonlinearly with elevation in both regions. Changes in leaf N content along elevation was consistent with changes in leaf NSC conten in Miyaluo, while no significant correlation was detected for H.rhamnoides from Chuanzhusi. NSC content was generally higher in H.rhamnoides from Chuanzhusi than that from Miyaluo, especially with higher TSS content in branchlets. This was beneficial to cope with low temperature and drought environment, which also might be attributed to carbon investment constraint under unfavorable condition. For H.rhamnoides planted in elevation above 3 000 m in Chuanzhusi, soil N supply, photosynthesis and carbohydrate in leaves were adequate, though the transport and transformation of photosynthetic products to structural material could be restricted by low temperature, thus global warming is likely to help the expand and distribution of H.rhamnoides.
The contents of nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P) and non-structural carbohydrates(NSC) in the leaves and branches of Hippophae rhamnoides L. were measured. These H.rhamnoides were planted along Miyaluo and Chuanzhusi, with altitudes ranging between 2 450-3 080 m and 2 870-3 550 m, respectively. The results showed that contents of N, P, total soluble sugar(TSS), starch and total NSC in leaves and branchlets varied nonlinearly with elevation in both regions. Changes in leaf N content along elevation was consistent with changes in leaf NSC conten in Miyaluo, while no significant correlation was detected for H.rhamnoides from Chuanzhusi. NSC content was generally higher in H.rhamnoides from Chuanzhusi than that from Miyaluo, especially with higher TSS content in branchlets. This was beneficial to cope with low temperature and drought environment, which also might be attributed to carbon investment constraint under unfavorable condition. For H.rhamnoides planted in elevation above 3 000 m in Chuanzhusi, soil N supply, photosynthesis and carbohydrate in leaves were adequate, though the transport and transformation of photosynthetic products to structural material could be restricted by low temperature, thus global warming is likely to help the expand and distribution of H.rhamnoides.
引文
[1] PIGOTT C D.Experimental studies on the influence of climate on the geographical distribution of plants[J].Weather,1975,30(3):82-90.
[2] 曾德慧,陈广生.生态化学计量学:复杂生命系统奥秘的探索[J].植物生态学报,2005,29(6):1 007-1 019.
[3] KOCH K E.Carbohydrate-modulated gene expression in plants[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology & Plant Molecular Biology,1996,47(1):509-540.
[4] POORTER L,KITAJIMA K.Carbohydrate storage and light requirements of tropical moist and dry forest tree species[J].Ecology,2007,88(4):1 000-1 011.
[5] 程根伟,罗辑.贡嘎山亚高山森林自然演替特征与模拟[J].生态学报,2002,22(7):1 049-1 056.
[6] 李根前,赵粉侠,李秀寨,等.毛乌素沙地中国沙棘种群数量动态研究[J].林业科学,2004,40(1):180-184.
[7] 李根前,黄宝龙,唐德瑞,等.毛乌素沙地中国沙棘无性系种群年龄结构动态与遗传后果研究[J].应用生态学报,2001,12(3):347-350.
[8] 高丽,杨劼,刘瑞香,等.不同土壤水分条件下中国沙棘雌雄株光合作用、蒸腾作用及水分利用效率特征[J].生态学报,2009,29(11):6 025-6 034.
[9] 高丽,杨劼,刘瑞香.不同土壤水分条件下中国沙棘雌雄株叶片形态结构及生理生化特征[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(9):2 201-2 208.
[10] 杨明博,熊友才,王红芳,等.黄土高原不同气象因子对中国沙棘亚居群遗传多样性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(1):1-7.
[11] 吴杰,潘红丽,杜忠,等.卧龙竹类非结构性碳水化合物与叶氮含量对海拔的响应[J].生态学报,2010,30(3):610-618.
[12] 张一平,张昭辉,何云玲.岷江上游气候立体分布特征[J].山地学报,2004,22(2):179-183.
[13] LI C,XU G,ZANG R,et al.Sex-related differences in leaf morphological and physiological responses in Hippophae rhamnoides along an altitudinal gradient[J].Tree Physiology,2007,27(3):399-406.
[14] 胡启鹏,郭志华,孙玲玲,等.长白山林线树种岳桦幼树叶功能型性状随海拔梯度的变化[J].生态学报,2013,33(12):3 594-3 601.
[15] OSMOND C B,AUSTIN M P,BERRY J A,et al.Stress physiology and the distribution of plants:the survival of plants in any ecosystem depends on their physiological reactions to various stresses of the environment[J].Bioscience,1987,37(1):38-48.
[16] EVANS J R.Photosynthesis and nitrogen relationships in leaves of C3 plants[J].Oecologia,1989,78(1):9-19.
[17] KORNER C.Carbon limitation in trees[J].Journal of Ecology,2003,91(1):4-17.
[18] HOCH G,K?RNER C.Growth,demography and carbon relations of polylepis trees at the world′s highest treeline[J].Functional Ecology,2005,19(6):941-951.
[19] WRIGHT S J,CORNEJO F H.Seasonal drought and leaf fall in a tropical forest[J].Ecology,1990,71(3):1 165-1 175.
[20] TERZIEV N,BOUTELJE J,LARSSON K.Seasonal fluctuations of low-molecular-weight sugars,starch and nitrogen in sapwood of Pinus sylvestris L.[J].Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research,1997,12(2):216-224.
[21] 潘庆民,韩兴国.植物非结构性贮藏碳水化合物的生理生态学研究进展[J].植物学报,2002,19(1):30-38.
[22] PALACIO S,HOCH G,SALA A,et al.Does carbon storage limit tree growth?[J].New Phytologist,2014,201(4):1 096-1 100.
[23] NEWELL E A,MULKEY S S,WRIGHT J S.Seasonal patterns of carbohydrate storage in four tropical tree species[J].Oecologia,2002,131(3):333-342.
[2] 曾德慧,陈广生.生态化学计量学:复杂生命系统奥秘的探索[J].植物生态学报,2005,29(6):1 007-1 019.
[3] KOCH K E.Carbohydrate-modulated gene expression in plants[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology & Plant Molecular Biology,1996,47(1):509-540.
[4] POORTER L,KITAJIMA K.Carbohydrate storage and light requirements of tropical moist and dry forest tree species[J].Ecology,2007,88(4):1 000-1 011.
[5] 程根伟,罗辑.贡嘎山亚高山森林自然演替特征与模拟[J].生态学报,2002,22(7):1 049-1 056.
[6] 李根前,赵粉侠,李秀寨,等.毛乌素沙地中国沙棘种群数量动态研究[J].林业科学,2004,40(1):180-184.
[7] 李根前,黄宝龙,唐德瑞,等.毛乌素沙地中国沙棘无性系种群年龄结构动态与遗传后果研究[J].应用生态学报,2001,12(3):347-350.
[8] 高丽,杨劼,刘瑞香,等.不同土壤水分条件下中国沙棘雌雄株光合作用、蒸腾作用及水分利用效率特征[J].生态学报,2009,29(11):6 025-6 034.
[9] 高丽,杨劼,刘瑞香.不同土壤水分条件下中国沙棘雌雄株叶片形态结构及生理生化特征[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(9):2 201-2 208.
[10] 杨明博,熊友才,王红芳,等.黄土高原不同气象因子对中国沙棘亚居群遗传多样性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(1):1-7.
[11] 吴杰,潘红丽,杜忠,等.卧龙竹类非结构性碳水化合物与叶氮含量对海拔的响应[J].生态学报,2010,30(3):610-618.
[12] 张一平,张昭辉,何云玲.岷江上游气候立体分布特征[J].山地学报,2004,22(2):179-183.
[13] LI C,XU G,ZANG R,et al.Sex-related differences in leaf morphological and physiological responses in Hippophae rhamnoides along an altitudinal gradient[J].Tree Physiology,2007,27(3):399-406.
[14] 胡启鹏,郭志华,孙玲玲,等.长白山林线树种岳桦幼树叶功能型性状随海拔梯度的变化[J].生态学报,2013,33(12):3 594-3 601.
[15] OSMOND C B,AUSTIN M P,BERRY J A,et al.Stress physiology and the distribution of plants:the survival of plants in any ecosystem depends on their physiological reactions to various stresses of the environment[J].Bioscience,1987,37(1):38-48.
[16] EVANS J R.Photosynthesis and nitrogen relationships in leaves of C3 plants[J].Oecologia,1989,78(1):9-19.
[17] KORNER C.Carbon limitation in trees[J].Journal of Ecology,2003,91(1):4-17.
[18] HOCH G,K?RNER C.Growth,demography and carbon relations of polylepis trees at the world′s highest treeline[J].Functional Ecology,2005,19(6):941-951.
[19] WRIGHT S J,CORNEJO F H.Seasonal drought and leaf fall in a tropical forest[J].Ecology,1990,71(3):1 165-1 175.
[20] TERZIEV N,BOUTELJE J,LARSSON K.Seasonal fluctuations of low-molecular-weight sugars,starch and nitrogen in sapwood of Pinus sylvestris L.[J].Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research,1997,12(2):216-224.
[21] 潘庆民,韩兴国.植物非结构性贮藏碳水化合物的生理生态学研究进展[J].植物学报,2002,19(1):30-38.
[22] PALACIO S,HOCH G,SALA A,et al.Does carbon storage limit tree growth?[J].New Phytologist,2014,201(4):1 096-1 100.
[23] NEWELL E A,MULKEY S S,WRIGHT J S.Seasonal patterns of carbohydrate storage in four tropical tree species[J].Oecologia,2002,131(3):333-342.