大冶矿区主要公路两侧农田土壤重金属污染特征分析
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摘要
为探索大冶矿区主要公路交通干线两侧农田土壤中重金属的污染现状,为矿区公路两侧农业土壤的安全利用及污染的防治提供一定的科学依据,利用单因子污染指数及内梅罗综合污染指数法评价其环境质量状况,并进一步分析污染的主要来源。结果表明:通过单因子及综合污染指数评价发现,矿区主要公路两侧的农田土壤已受到不同程度的污染,可能对农产品生产造成一定程度的潜在安全隐患。土壤有机质与Cu、Cd、Cr及Ni元素的相关系数均较低。主成分分析显示,大冶矿区公路两侧农田土壤重金属的来源可能为金属冶炼、制造业和交通释放的气溶胶颗粒,以及矿山酸性废水、金属矿山废石和尾矿的长期储存等人类活动。
The characteristics of heavy metal pollution in farmland soils on both sides of the main roads in Daye mining area were studied to provide scientific evidence for safe utilization and the pollution prevention of the agriculture soil in the mining area. Its environmental condition was evaluated by using Single Factor Index Method and Nemerow Integrative Pollution Index Method and the major source of pollution was analyzed. The results showed that many farmland soils along the main roads of Daye mining area were suffering from heavy metals pollution by using Single Factor and Integrative Index Methods,which probably resulted in the potential danger for the safe production of agricultural products. The correlation coefficients between soil organic matter and heavy metal( Cu、Cd、Cr or Ni) contents were lower. The results from principal component analysis indicated that the heavy mental source of the farmland on both sides of main roads in Daye mining area is likely to be the aerosol particles emitted by metal smelting,manufacturing and traffic,acid mine drainage and metal mine waste rock and long- term stockpiling of tailings,etc.
The characteristics of heavy metal pollution in farmland soils on both sides of the main roads in Daye mining area were studied to provide scientific evidence for safe utilization and the pollution prevention of the agriculture soil in the mining area. Its environmental condition was evaluated by using Single Factor Index Method and Nemerow Integrative Pollution Index Method and the major source of pollution was analyzed. The results showed that many farmland soils along the main roads of Daye mining area were suffering from heavy metals pollution by using Single Factor and Integrative Index Methods,which probably resulted in the potential danger for the safe production of agricultural products. The correlation coefficients between soil organic matter and heavy metal( Cu、Cd、Cr or Ni) contents were lower. The results from principal component analysis indicated that the heavy mental source of the farmland on both sides of main roads in Daye mining area is likely to be the aerosol particles emitted by metal smelting,manufacturing and traffic,acid mine drainage and metal mine waste rock and long- term stockpiling of tailings,etc.
引文
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[14]Kim M J,Ahn K H,Jung Y J.Distribution of inorganic arsenic species in mine tailings of abandoned mines from Korea[J].Chemosphere,2002,49(3):307-312.
[15]郭宇,游钦,张欣,等.矿山环境中苔藓植物重金属元素的地球化学特征-以大冶铜绿山为例[J].地质科技情报,2009,28(4):121-126.
[16]黎耀辉,施孜麟,朱长江,等.大冶冶炼厂烟尘对农田土壤重金属污染的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,1985(5):26-29.
[17]汪亮,王磊.大冶市罗桥东港渠水体中Cd、Pb、As等重金属污染调查[J].安全与环境工程,2007,14(1):16-19.
[18]Huang S S,Liao Q L,Hua M,et al.Survey of heavy metal pollution and assessment of agricultural soil in Yangzhong district,Jiangsu Province,China[J].Science Direct,2007,67:2148-2155.
[19]孙清斌,尹春芹,邓金锋,等.大冶矿区土壤-蔬菜重金属污染特征及健康风险评价[J].环境化学,2013,32(4):671-677.
[2]Nazzal Y,Rosen M A,Al-Rawabdeh A M.Assessment of metal pollution in urban road dusts from selected highways of the Greater Toronto Area in Canada[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2013,185(2):1847-1858.
[3]郭广慧,陈同斌,宋波,等.中国公路交通的重金属排放及其对土地污染的初步估算[J].地理研究,2007,26(5):922-930.
[4]林建,邱卿如,陈建安,等.公路旁土壤中重金属和类金属污染评价[J].环境与健康杂志,2000,17(5):284-286.
[5]马光军,梁晶,方海兰,等.上海市不同土地利用方式绿地土壤中Cu、Zn、Pb和Cr的污染评价[J].城市环境与城市生态,2009,22(5):34-37.
[6]Olajire A A,Ayodele E T,Oyedirdan G O,et al.Contamination of roadside soil and grass with heavy metals[J].Environment International,1997,23(1):91-101.
[7]Chen T B,Wong J W C,Zhou H Y,et al.Assessment of trace metal distribution and contamination in surface soils of Hong Kong[J].Environmental Pollution,1997,96(1):61-68.
[8]中华人民共和国农业部.NY/T 1377-2007土壤pH值的测定[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2007:1-3.
[9]中华人民共和国农业部.NY/T 1121.6-2006土壤检测第6部分:土壤有机质的测定[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2006:1-3.
[10]中华人民共和国农业部.NY/T 1613-2008土壤质量重金属测定王水回流消解原子吸收法[S].北京:中国农业出版社,2008:1-7.
[11]魏复盛.中国土壤元素背景值[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990:334-378.
[12]章明奎,王丽平.重金属污染对土壤有机质积累的影响[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(7):1479-1483.
[13]孙花,谭长银,黄道友,等.土壤有机质对土壤重金属积累、有效性及形态的影响[J].湖南师范大学自然科学学报,2011,34(4):82-87.
[14]Kim M J,Ahn K H,Jung Y J.Distribution of inorganic arsenic species in mine tailings of abandoned mines from Korea[J].Chemosphere,2002,49(3):307-312.
[15]郭宇,游钦,张欣,等.矿山环境中苔藓植物重金属元素的地球化学特征-以大冶铜绿山为例[J].地质科技情报,2009,28(4):121-126.
[16]黎耀辉,施孜麟,朱长江,等.大冶冶炼厂烟尘对农田土壤重金属污染的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,1985(5):26-29.
[17]汪亮,王磊.大冶市罗桥东港渠水体中Cd、Pb、As等重金属污染调查[J].安全与环境工程,2007,14(1):16-19.
[18]Huang S S,Liao Q L,Hua M,et al.Survey of heavy metal pollution and assessment of agricultural soil in Yangzhong district,Jiangsu Province,China[J].Science Direct,2007,67:2148-2155.
[19]孙清斌,尹春芹,邓金锋,等.大冶矿区土壤-蔬菜重金属污染特征及健康风险评价[J].环境化学,2013,32(4):671-677.