深圳市宝安区儿童维生素D营养现状调查
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摘要
目的:调查深圳市宝安区儿童维生素D的营养现状,了解该地区儿童维生素D补充剂应用过程中存在的问题。方法:收集2016年12月至2017年11月在深圳市宝安区妇幼保健院儿童保健科门诊进行健康体检的儿童(0～14岁) 10 214例,采用化学发光法测定血清25羟维生素D[25(OH) D]水平,比较不同年龄组、不同季节儿童维生素D水平的差异。从中选取650例儿童进行家长问卷,比较不同喂养方式下维生素D水平的差异。结果:维生素D总体缺乏率为1. 41%(144/10 214),其中春季8. 20%(94/1 147),夏季1. 16%(25/2 153),秋季0. 16%(5/3 080),冬季0. 52%(20/3 834);年龄0～6个月1. 96%(16/818),>6～12个月0. 60%(5/839),>1～3岁0. 47%(17/3 603),>3～6岁2. 62%(81/3 094),>6～14岁1. 34%(25/1 860)。0～3岁儿童维生素D补充剂使用率为99. 43%(348/350),>3～14岁为40. 00%(120/300)。结论:虽然深圳市宝安区0～3岁儿童维生素D补充剂使用率较高,但是仍然存在维生素D缺乏情况;>3～14岁儿童的维生素D缺乏率高于0～3岁组,与>3～14岁组维生素D补充剂使用率较低有关。因此,要加强对重点人群特别是生长发育旺盛儿童家长的宣传教育以及对各年龄段维生素D补充剂应用情况及维生素D水平的监测。
Objective: To investigate the current status of vitamin D nutrition in children in Bao'an district,Shenzhen,and to explore the problems in the application of vitamin D supplements in children in this region. Methods: From Dec. 2016 to Nov. 2017,a total of10,214 children( 0 to 14 years old) undergoing physical examination in the outpatient department of child care department of Bao'an Maternal and Child Health Hospital were collected. The serum levels of 25 hydroxyvitamin D( 25( OH) D) were determined by chemiluminescence method,and differences of vitamin D level among children of different age groups and seasons were compared. The questionnaire was used to compare the vitamin D level of children in 650 patients with different feeding methods. Results: The overall vitamin D deficiency rate was 1. 41%( 144/10 214),including 8. 20%( 94/1 147) in spring,1. 16%( 25/2 153) in summer,0. 16%( 5/3 080) in autumn,and 0. 52% in winter( 20/3 834). The overall age of vitamin D deficiency was 1. 96%( 16/818) at 0 to 6 months,0. 60%( 5/839) at >6 to 12 months,0. 47%( 17/3 603) at >1 to 3 years old,2. 62%( 81/3 094) at >3 to 6 years old,and 1. 34%( 25/1 860) at >6 to14 years old. The use rate of vitamin D supplements for children aged 0 to 3 years was 99. 43%( 348/350),and that of 3 to 14 years old was 40. 00%( 120/300). Conclusion: Although the use rate of vitamin D supplements for children aged 0 to 3 years old in Bao'an district is relatively high,there is still a certain amount of vitamin D deficiency. The vitamin D deficiency rate of children aged > 3 to 14 years old was higher than that of the group aged 0 to 3 years old,which was related to the lower utilization rate of vitamin D supplements in the > group aged 3 to 14 years old. The vitamin D deficiency rate in children aged >3 to 14 years old is higher than that in children aged 0 to 3 years old,which is related to the lower use rate of vitamin D supplements in children aged >3 to 14 years old. Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education of key populations,especially the parents with children in strong growth,as well as the application of vitamin D supplements and vitamin D levels for all age groups.
Objective: To investigate the current status of vitamin D nutrition in children in Bao'an district,Shenzhen,and to explore the problems in the application of vitamin D supplements in children in this region. Methods: From Dec. 2016 to Nov. 2017,a total of10,214 children( 0 to 14 years old) undergoing physical examination in the outpatient department of child care department of Bao'an Maternal and Child Health Hospital were collected. The serum levels of 25 hydroxyvitamin D( 25( OH) D) were determined by chemiluminescence method,and differences of vitamin D level among children of different age groups and seasons were compared. The questionnaire was used to compare the vitamin D level of children in 650 patients with different feeding methods. Results: The overall vitamin D deficiency rate was 1. 41%( 144/10 214),including 8. 20%( 94/1 147) in spring,1. 16%( 25/2 153) in summer,0. 16%( 5/3 080) in autumn,and 0. 52% in winter( 20/3 834). The overall age of vitamin D deficiency was 1. 96%( 16/818) at 0 to 6 months,0. 60%( 5/839) at >6 to 12 months,0. 47%( 17/3 603) at >1 to 3 years old,2. 62%( 81/3 094) at >3 to 6 years old,and 1. 34%( 25/1 860) at >6 to14 years old. The use rate of vitamin D supplements for children aged 0 to 3 years was 99. 43%( 348/350),and that of 3 to 14 years old was 40. 00%( 120/300). Conclusion: Although the use rate of vitamin D supplements for children aged 0 to 3 years old in Bao'an district is relatively high,there is still a certain amount of vitamin D deficiency. The vitamin D deficiency rate of children aged > 3 to 14 years old was higher than that of the group aged 0 to 3 years old,which was related to the lower utilization rate of vitamin D supplements in the > group aged 3 to 14 years old. The vitamin D deficiency rate in children aged >3 to 14 years old is higher than that in children aged 0 to 3 years old,which is related to the lower use rate of vitamin D supplements in children aged >3 to 14 years old. Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education of key populations,especially the parents with children in strong growth,as well as the application of vitamin D supplements and vitamin D levels for all age groups.
引文
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[4]全国佝偻病防治科研协作组,中国优生科学协会小儿营养专业委员会.维生素D缺乏及维生素D缺乏性佝偻病防治建议[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2015,23(7):781-782.
[5]黄懿洁,鲁正荣.婴幼儿喘息性疾病与维生素D的相关性[J].儿科药学杂志,2017,23(2):61-63.
[6]陈瑾,程茜.母亲维生素D水平对子代生命早期生长发育的影响[J].儿科药学杂志,2017,23(7):63-66.
[7]夏黎,崔县伟.南京地区0~5岁儿童25-羟基维生素D水平及其与季节的关系[J].中华实用儿科临床杂志,2015,30(19):1470-1472.
[8]刘捷,李卫琴.天津市维生素D水平及维生素D补充剂应用调查[J].中华实用儿科临床杂志,2017,30(19):1471-1474.
[9]冯慧敏,姚梅,郑义婷.皖北地区0~14岁儿童维生素D营养状况分析[J].中国卫生学校,2017,38(4):594-595.
[2]MATHIEU C. Vitamin D and diabetes:Where do we stand?[J].Diabetes Res Clin Pract,2015,108(2):201-209.
[3]JOSEPH R,NAGRALE A V,JOSERAJ M C,et al. Low levels of seruln vitamin D in chronic periodontitis patients with type 2diabetes mellitus:A hospitalbased cross-sectional clinical study[J]. J Indian Soc Periodontol,2015,19(5):501-506.
[4]全国佝偻病防治科研协作组,中国优生科学协会小儿营养专业委员会.维生素D缺乏及维生素D缺乏性佝偻病防治建议[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2015,23(7):781-782.
[5]黄懿洁,鲁正荣.婴幼儿喘息性疾病与维生素D的相关性[J].儿科药学杂志,2017,23(2):61-63.
[6]陈瑾,程茜.母亲维生素D水平对子代生命早期生长发育的影响[J].儿科药学杂志,2017,23(7):63-66.
[7]夏黎,崔县伟.南京地区0~5岁儿童25-羟基维生素D水平及其与季节的关系[J].中华实用儿科临床杂志,2015,30(19):1470-1472.
[8]刘捷,李卫琴.天津市维生素D水平及维生素D补充剂应用调查[J].中华实用儿科临床杂志,2017,30(19):1471-1474.
[9]冯慧敏,姚梅,郑义婷.皖北地区0~14岁儿童维生素D营养状况分析[J].中国卫生学校,2017,38(4):594-595.