激光云高仪和红外测温仪的云高观测性能比较分析
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摘要
基于2016年8月13日—2017年7月31日激光云高仪(CL51)和搭配红外测温仪的微波辐射计(MWR-IRT)的云底高度(CBH)观测资料,对比分析CL51和MWR-IRT的CBH观测结果的差异,探讨不同天气条件下CL51和MWR-IRT的云高观测性能。结果表明:CL51和MWR-IRT对中低云的识别结果较为一致,对高云识别存在一定差异;云天时,CL51和MWR-IRT观测的CBH较为一致,统计均值分别为1.91 km和2.03 km,二者相关系数为0.65;与MWR-IRT相比,CL51观测的高云较高、低云较低;不同天气条件下CL51和MWR-IRT的观测结果表现不同,雾天和重度霾时其观测结果差异较大,轻雾天时其观测差异有所降低,非雾/霾天、雾霾天、轻度霾天、中度霾天时两者观测结果较为一致。
Based on datasets of cloud base height(CBH) detected by the laser ceilometer(CL51) and the microwave radiometer(MWR-IRT)with the infrared thermometer from 13 August 2016 to 31 July 2017, we have performed the comparative analysis on the differences of CBH from CL51 and MWR-IRT, and discussed the observed performance of CL51 and MWR-IRT to CBH under different weather conditions. The results show that the recognition results of CL51 to low-and middle-cloud are basically consistent with that of MWR-IRT to, but there are certain differences in the their recognition results to high cloud. Under cloudy cases, the CBH detected by CL51 is basically consistent with that detected by MWR-IRT, whose annual mean CBH values are respectively 1.91 km and 2.03 km, and the two recognition results have a high correlation with a correlation coefficient of 0.65. With respect to MWR-IRT, CBH detected by CL51 is higher to high cloud but is lower to low cloud. In addition, under different weather conditions, CL51 and MWR-IRT show different CBH observational performance. There are significant differences in their observational performance to CBH under fog cases and heavy haze cases, slightly differences under light fog cases, but there is basic agreement under no fog or haze cases, fog and haze cases, light haze cases and medium haze cases.
Based on datasets of cloud base height(CBH) detected by the laser ceilometer(CL51) and the microwave radiometer(MWR-IRT)with the infrared thermometer from 13 August 2016 to 31 July 2017, we have performed the comparative analysis on the differences of CBH from CL51 and MWR-IRT, and discussed the observed performance of CL51 and MWR-IRT to CBH under different weather conditions. The results show that the recognition results of CL51 to low-and middle-cloud are basically consistent with that of MWR-IRT to, but there are certain differences in the their recognition results to high cloud. Under cloudy cases, the CBH detected by CL51 is basically consistent with that detected by MWR-IRT, whose annual mean CBH values are respectively 1.91 km and 2.03 km, and the two recognition results have a high correlation with a correlation coefficient of 0.65. With respect to MWR-IRT, CBH detected by CL51 is higher to high cloud but is lower to low cloud. In addition, under different weather conditions, CL51 and MWR-IRT show different CBH observational performance. There are significant differences in their observational performance to CBH under fog cases and heavy haze cases, slightly differences under light fog cases, but there is basic agreement under no fog or haze cases, fog and haze cases, light haze cases and medium haze cases.
引文
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[21]叶培龙,王天河,尚可政,等.基于卫星资料的中国西部地区云垂直结构分析[J].高原气象,2014,33(4):977-987
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[2]刘雪梅,张明军,王圣杰,等.中国降水云云底高度的估算和分析[J].气象,2016,42(9):1 135-1 145
[3]陆雅君,陈刚毅,龚克坚,等.测云方法研究进展[J].气象科技,201240(5):689-697
[4]Gaumet J L,Heinrich J C,Cluzeau M,et al.Cloud-base height measurements with a single-pulse erbium-glass laser ceilometer[J].J Atmos Oceanic Technol,1998,15(1):37-45
[5]Radiometrics Corporation.Operator’s Manual[M].Boulder(USA):Radiometrics Corporation,2010:43-44
[6]王勇军.地基多云云观测数据融合研究[D].成都:成都信息工程学院2014
[7]章文星,吕达仁.地基热红外云高观测与云雷达及激光云高仪的相互对比[J].大气科学,2012,36(4):657-672
[8]李思腾,马舒庆,高玉春,等.毫米波云雷达与激光云高仪观测数据对比分析[J].气象,2015,41(2):212-218
[9]吴翀,刘黎平,翟晓春.Ka波段固态发射机体制云雷达和激光云高仪探测青藏高原夏季云底能力和效果对比分析[J].大气科学,2017,41(4)659-672
[10]章文星,吕达仁,常有礼.地基热红外亮温遥感云底高度可行性的模拟研究[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(2):354-363
[11]徐桂荣,孙振添,李武阶,等.地基微波辐射计与GPS无线电探空和GPS/MET的观测对比分析[J].暴雨灾害,2010,29(4):315-321
[12]XU Guirong,XI Baike,ZHANG Wengang,et al.Comparison of atmospheric profiles between microwave radiometer retrievals and radiosonde soundings[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,2015,120(19).Doi:10.1002/2015JD023438
[13]Vaisala公司.Vaisala Ceilometer CL51 USER’S GUIDE[M].芬兰:Vaisala公司,2012
[14]张文刚,徐桂荣,廖可文,等.降水对地基微波辐射计反演误差的影响[J].暴雨灾害,2013,32(1):70-76
[15]朱君,曹晓钟,李晓兰.激光云高仪与可见光测云仪观测试验对比[J].气象科技,2017,45(4):611-615
[16]汪小康,徐桂荣,院琨.不同强度降水发生前微波辐射计反演参数的差异分析[J].暴雨灾害,2016,35(3):227-233
[17]张文刚,徐桂荣,廖可文,等.地基微波辐射计探测精度的变化特征分析[J].暴雨灾害,2017,36(4):373-381
[18]白志娜,阿来依艾丁,李若楠,等.近红外激光云高仪与微脉冲激光雷达比对分析[J].现代农业科技,2015(9):251-252
[19]Chan P W,Hon K K.Application of ground-based,multi-channel microwave radiometer in the nowcasting of intense convective weather through instability indices of the atmosphere[J].Meteorologische Zeitschrift,2011,20(4):431-440
[20]海阿静,张志国,孙世杰.红外亮温测云在地基微波辐射计中的应用[C]//中国空间科学学会遥感分会,IEEE GRSS北京分会.第三届微波遥感技术研讨会,武夷山:2012
[21]叶培龙,王天河,尚可政,等.基于卫星资料的中国西部地区云垂直结构分析[J].高原气象,2014,33(4):977-987
[22]伍荣生.现代天气学原理[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999:299
[23]张浩,石春娥,吴必文,等.合肥市能见度与相对湿度、PM2.5质量浓度的定量关系[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(6):1 001-1 008
[24]中国气象局.地面气象观测规范[M].北京:气象出版社,2005
[25]袁静.激光云高仪数据质量控制及其应用研究[D].南京:南京信息工程大学,2015