ABS及其复合材料的阻燃改性研究进展
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摘要
综述了近年来酚醛树脂、聚磷酸铵等有机阻燃剂及石墨烯、红磷和次磷酸铝等无机阻燃剂阻燃改性丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)及ABS/聚碳酸酯合金的研究进展。阻燃剂的加入提高了ABS的垂直燃烧等级、极限氧指数以及燃烧后的残炭量,降低了ABS阻燃体系的燃烧速率,延缓了其热分解,使ABS的阻燃性能得到了提高。最后,展望了阻燃剂未来的发展方向,指出提高ABS阻燃效果的方法是开发阻燃效率更高的阻燃剂。
The recent research progress of organic flame retardants such as phenolic resin,ammonium polyphosphate and inorganic flame retardants,graphene,phosphorus,aluminium hypophosphite,are presented, which are used for modified acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS)and ABS/polycarbonate alloy. The addition of flame retardants increases the vertical burning level,limiting oxygen index and the amount of residual carbon after burning of ABS,the burning rate of the ABS flame retardant system is reduced, the thermal decomposition is delayed, the flame retarding property of ABS is improved thereby. Finally,the development trend of flame retardant in the future is prospected, which points out that the way to improve the flame retarding property of ABS is to develop flame retardant with higher flame retarding efficiency.
The recent research progress of organic flame retardants such as phenolic resin,ammonium polyphosphate and inorganic flame retardants,graphene,phosphorus,aluminium hypophosphite,are presented, which are used for modified acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS)and ABS/polycarbonate alloy. The addition of flame retardants increases the vertical burning level,limiting oxygen index and the amount of residual carbon after burning of ABS,the burning rate of the ABS flame retardant system is reduced, the thermal decomposition is delayed, the flame retarding property of ABS is improved thereby. Finally,the development trend of flame retardant in the future is prospected, which points out that the way to improve the flame retarding property of ABS is to develop flame retardant with higher flame retarding efficiency.
引文
[1]毕伟,柯杨,何为,等.二丙基次膦酸铝对PC及PC/ABS的阻燃作用[J].现代塑料加工应用,2015,27(4):39-41.
[2]胡文玺,张珍,陈杰,等.无卤阻燃PC/ABS合金形态结构和动态流变行为研究[J].塑料工业,2013,41(1):41-44.
[3]喻慧文,徐百平,庄文柳,等.非对称双螺杆制备ABS/PUR-T/HNTs阻燃复合材料的性能[J].工程塑料应用,2017,45(1):7-11.
[4]姚焕英,祝宝林.改性水滑石/ABS复合材料的制备及性能表征[J].塑料,2012,41(6):41-45.
[5]王彦辉,韩元培,李武斌,等.环保型溴系阻燃剂在ABS复合材料中的应用[J].工程塑料应用,2016,44(3):105-108.
[6]姜慧敏,邓成,郑艳春,等.PC/ABS阻燃合金的开发及性能研究[J].塑料科技,2017,45(1):51-55.
[7]郭玉阳,胡小平,李良君,等.阻燃ABS复合材料的制备及热分解性能[J].复合材料学报,2013,30(3):7-13.
[8]周健,李磊,吴成旭,等.无卤阻燃ABS复合材料的制备与阻燃性能研究[J].工程塑料应用,2013,41(1):9-12.
[9]汪炉林,程庆,宋翠翠,等.磷-氮复合阻燃剂制备新型无卤阻燃ABS性能研究[J].塑料工业,2013,41(2):107-110.
[10]付全军,王辛龙,张志业,等.磷酸酯阻燃剂HDP的合成工艺及其在ABS中的阻燃作用[J].高分子学报,2013(2):166-173.
[11]孙芳,朱道吉,吴笑笑,等.膨胀型阻燃剂APP/MA/PEPB的制备及其在ABS中的应用[J].中国塑料,2015,29(2):59-62.
[12]赵松,杨燕婷,喻慧文,等.DCP对无卤阻燃ABS/EVA阻燃性及力学性能的影响[J].现代塑料加工应用,2016,28(1):46-49.
[13]Prieur B,Meub M,Wittemann M,et al.Phosphorylation of lignin to flame retard acrylonitrile butadiene styrene(ABS)[J].Polym Degrad Stab,2016,127:32-43.
[14]Yi Jiangsong,Liu Yi,Cai Xufu.The synergistic effect of adjuvant on the intumescent flame-retardant ABS with a novel charring agent[J].J Therm Anal Calorim,2013,113(2):753-761.
[15]Zhang Yan,Chen Xiaoling,Fang Zhengping.Synergistic effects of expandable graphite and ammonium polyphosphate with a new carbon source derived from biomass in flame retardant ABS[J].J Appl Polym Sci,2013,128(4):2424-2432.
[16]Chen Xingyou,Cai Xufu.Synergistic of poil(diethylenetriamine terephthalamide)and its application as a flame retardant for ABS[J].J Therm Anal Calorim,2016,125(1):313-320.
[17]Hoang D Q,Kim W J,An Haiyan,et al.Flame retardancies of novel organo-phosphorus flame retardants based on DOPO derivatives when applied to ABS[J].Macromol Res,2015,23(5):442-448.
[18]张丽,田艳红,张学军,等.石墨烯/ABS树脂复合体系的阻燃性能[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2013,29(5):63-66.
[19]赵松,徐柏平,喻慧文,等.改性伊利石对ABS/EVAC膨胀阻燃复合材料的协效作用[J].工程塑料应用,2016,44(6):21-25.
[20]Yin Haiqing,Yuan Dandan,Cai Xufu.Red phosphorus acts as second acid source to form a novel intumescent-contractive flame-retardant system on ABS[J].J Therm Anal Calorim,2013,111(1):499-506.
[21]Xu Sailong,Zhang Lixia,Lin Yanjun,et al.Layered double hydroxides used as flame retardant for engineering plastic acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS)[J].J Phys Chem Solids,2012,73(12):1514-1517.
[22]Chen Xingyou,Sun Tong,Cai Xufu.The investigation of intumescent flame-retarded ABS using zinc borate as synergisg[J].J Therm Anal Calorim,2014,115(1):185-191.
[23]Martins P A,Valera T S,Soares T J A.Flame retardant systems without bromine for ABS matrix[J].Polimeros-Cienc Technol,2014,24(5):572-578.
[24]卢林刚,徐晓楠,殷全明,等.新型磷系阻燃剂四苯基(双酚-A)二磷酸酯阻燃PC/ABS的研究[J].塑料科技,2009,37(3):77-81.
[25]邵佳丽,郭正虹.TPP和MBS对PC/ABS合金性能的影响[J].中国塑料,2015,29(12):14-17.
[26]周文君,王雪芹,何伟壮.PC/ABS/聚硼硅氧烷阻燃合金的性能[J].化工进展,2016,35(3):861-865.
[27]黎敏,龙光宝,陈如意,等.无卤阻燃PC/ABS合金的研制[J].工程塑料应用,2014,42(11):38-42.
[28]汪克风,吕振亚,刘珍元,等.高耐热无卤阻燃PC/ABS合金的研究[J].塑料工业,2016,44(2):58-60.
[29]Wang Weihua,Zhao Guoqun,Wu Xianghong,et al.Investigation on phosphorus halogen-free flame-retardancy systems in short glass fiber-reinforced PC/ABS composites under rapid thermal cycle molding process condition[J].Polym Compos,2015,36(9):1653-1663.
[30]冉诗雅,许远远,郭正虹,等.酸碱处理蒙脱土与磷酸酯阻燃剂复配阻燃PC/ABS合金[J].高等学校化学学报,2013,34(2):467-473.
[31]Wei Ping,Tian Guohua,Yu Haizhuo,et al.Synthesis of a novel organic-inorganic hybrid mesoporous silica and its flame retardancy application in PC/ABS[J].Polym Degrad Stab,2013,98(5):1022-1029.
[32]Ran Shiya,Xu Yuanyuan,Guo Zhenghong,et al.Synergistic flame retardant of acid or alkali-treated montmrillonite/phosphate flame retardant in PC/ABS blends[J].Chem J Chin Univ-Chin,2013,34(2):467-473.
[33]杨克亚,沈同德.纳米Si O2对PC/ABS/RDP阻燃体系的协同作用[J].塑料,2012,41(6):7-10.
[34]Wu Ningjing,Lang Shuguo.Flame retardancy and toughness modification of flame retardant polycarbonate/acrylonitrile butadiene-styrene/AHP composites[J].Polym Degrad Stab,2016,123:26-35.
[2]胡文玺,张珍,陈杰,等.无卤阻燃PC/ABS合金形态结构和动态流变行为研究[J].塑料工业,2013,41(1):41-44.
[3]喻慧文,徐百平,庄文柳,等.非对称双螺杆制备ABS/PUR-T/HNTs阻燃复合材料的性能[J].工程塑料应用,2017,45(1):7-11.
[4]姚焕英,祝宝林.改性水滑石/ABS复合材料的制备及性能表征[J].塑料,2012,41(6):41-45.
[5]王彦辉,韩元培,李武斌,等.环保型溴系阻燃剂在ABS复合材料中的应用[J].工程塑料应用,2016,44(3):105-108.
[6]姜慧敏,邓成,郑艳春,等.PC/ABS阻燃合金的开发及性能研究[J].塑料科技,2017,45(1):51-55.
[7]郭玉阳,胡小平,李良君,等.阻燃ABS复合材料的制备及热分解性能[J].复合材料学报,2013,30(3):7-13.
[8]周健,李磊,吴成旭,等.无卤阻燃ABS复合材料的制备与阻燃性能研究[J].工程塑料应用,2013,41(1):9-12.
[9]汪炉林,程庆,宋翠翠,等.磷-氮复合阻燃剂制备新型无卤阻燃ABS性能研究[J].塑料工业,2013,41(2):107-110.
[10]付全军,王辛龙,张志业,等.磷酸酯阻燃剂HDP的合成工艺及其在ABS中的阻燃作用[J].高分子学报,2013(2):166-173.
[11]孙芳,朱道吉,吴笑笑,等.膨胀型阻燃剂APP/MA/PEPB的制备及其在ABS中的应用[J].中国塑料,2015,29(2):59-62.
[12]赵松,杨燕婷,喻慧文,等.DCP对无卤阻燃ABS/EVA阻燃性及力学性能的影响[J].现代塑料加工应用,2016,28(1):46-49.
[13]Prieur B,Meub M,Wittemann M,et al.Phosphorylation of lignin to flame retard acrylonitrile butadiene styrene(ABS)[J].Polym Degrad Stab,2016,127:32-43.
[14]Yi Jiangsong,Liu Yi,Cai Xufu.The synergistic effect of adjuvant on the intumescent flame-retardant ABS with a novel charring agent[J].J Therm Anal Calorim,2013,113(2):753-761.
[15]Zhang Yan,Chen Xiaoling,Fang Zhengping.Synergistic effects of expandable graphite and ammonium polyphosphate with a new carbon source derived from biomass in flame retardant ABS[J].J Appl Polym Sci,2013,128(4):2424-2432.
[16]Chen Xingyou,Cai Xufu.Synergistic of poil(diethylenetriamine terephthalamide)and its application as a flame retardant for ABS[J].J Therm Anal Calorim,2016,125(1):313-320.
[17]Hoang D Q,Kim W J,An Haiyan,et al.Flame retardancies of novel organo-phosphorus flame retardants based on DOPO derivatives when applied to ABS[J].Macromol Res,2015,23(5):442-448.
[18]张丽,田艳红,张学军,等.石墨烯/ABS树脂复合体系的阻燃性能[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2013,29(5):63-66.
[19]赵松,徐柏平,喻慧文,等.改性伊利石对ABS/EVAC膨胀阻燃复合材料的协效作用[J].工程塑料应用,2016,44(6):21-25.
[20]Yin Haiqing,Yuan Dandan,Cai Xufu.Red phosphorus acts as second acid source to form a novel intumescent-contractive flame-retardant system on ABS[J].J Therm Anal Calorim,2013,111(1):499-506.
[21]Xu Sailong,Zhang Lixia,Lin Yanjun,et al.Layered double hydroxides used as flame retardant for engineering plastic acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS)[J].J Phys Chem Solids,2012,73(12):1514-1517.
[22]Chen Xingyou,Sun Tong,Cai Xufu.The investigation of intumescent flame-retarded ABS using zinc borate as synergisg[J].J Therm Anal Calorim,2014,115(1):185-191.
[23]Martins P A,Valera T S,Soares T J A.Flame retardant systems without bromine for ABS matrix[J].Polimeros-Cienc Technol,2014,24(5):572-578.
[24]卢林刚,徐晓楠,殷全明,等.新型磷系阻燃剂四苯基(双酚-A)二磷酸酯阻燃PC/ABS的研究[J].塑料科技,2009,37(3):77-81.
[25]邵佳丽,郭正虹.TPP和MBS对PC/ABS合金性能的影响[J].中国塑料,2015,29(12):14-17.
[26]周文君,王雪芹,何伟壮.PC/ABS/聚硼硅氧烷阻燃合金的性能[J].化工进展,2016,35(3):861-865.
[27]黎敏,龙光宝,陈如意,等.无卤阻燃PC/ABS合金的研制[J].工程塑料应用,2014,42(11):38-42.
[28]汪克风,吕振亚,刘珍元,等.高耐热无卤阻燃PC/ABS合金的研究[J].塑料工业,2016,44(2):58-60.
[29]Wang Weihua,Zhao Guoqun,Wu Xianghong,et al.Investigation on phosphorus halogen-free flame-retardancy systems in short glass fiber-reinforced PC/ABS composites under rapid thermal cycle molding process condition[J].Polym Compos,2015,36(9):1653-1663.
[30]冉诗雅,许远远,郭正虹,等.酸碱处理蒙脱土与磷酸酯阻燃剂复配阻燃PC/ABS合金[J].高等学校化学学报,2013,34(2):467-473.
[31]Wei Ping,Tian Guohua,Yu Haizhuo,et al.Synthesis of a novel organic-inorganic hybrid mesoporous silica and its flame retardancy application in PC/ABS[J].Polym Degrad Stab,2013,98(5):1022-1029.
[32]Ran Shiya,Xu Yuanyuan,Guo Zhenghong,et al.Synergistic flame retardant of acid or alkali-treated montmrillonite/phosphate flame retardant in PC/ABS blends[J].Chem J Chin Univ-Chin,2013,34(2):467-473.
[33]杨克亚,沈同德.纳米Si O2对PC/ABS/RDP阻燃体系的协同作用[J].塑料,2012,41(6):7-10.
[34]Wu Ningjing,Lang Shuguo.Flame retardancy and toughness modification of flame retardant polycarbonate/acrylonitrile butadiene-styrene/AHP composites[J].Polym Degrad Stab,2016,123:26-35.