一种大温差弹韧性水泥浆
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摘要
长封固段大温差气井固井面临水泥浆顶部易超缓凝,水泥环易发生密封失效致环空带压等问题。通过研选抗高温大温差缓凝剂和降失水剂,可满足170℃以低100℃温差水泥石强度发展要求;优选抗高温弹韧性材料,降低水泥石脆性,增强水泥石弹韧性。研制出大温差弹韧性水泥浆体系,密度在1.50～2.20 g/cm~3范围内可调,水泥浆流变性好,API失水量小于50 mL;50℃温差下密度为1.50 g/cm~3低密度水泥石72 h抗压强度可至11.5 MPa,60℃温差下密度为2.20 g/cm~3水泥石72 h抗压强度可至15.3 MPa,70℃温差下密度为1.88 g/cm~3水泥石抗压强度达17.7 MPa,且水泥石弹性模量均小于7 GPa,抗折强度大于3.5 MPa;水泥环密封完整性评价显示,水泥环可满足90 MPa压力30轮次加卸载密封要求。该大温差弹韧性水泥浆体系在西北油田分公司顺北4井φ193.7 mm+φ206.4 mm尾管回接固井中成功应用,一次封固段长5693 m,上下温差约105℃,固井质量优质,为其他超长封固段气井固井提供成功范例。
Cementing of a gas well with long section to be cemented and big temperature difference has been challenged with difficulties such as ultra-long time of retarding of the top cement column and retained pressure in annular space resulted from failure of cement sheath. Studies have been conducted on the selection of retarding agents and filter loss reducers that can satisfy the requirements of cementing at 170 ℃ with temperature difference of about 100 ℃ and the strength development of set cement. High temperature additives with good toughness were also selected and used in laboratory studies to reduce the brittleness and to enhance the elasticity and toughness of the set cement. Using these selected additives a large temperature difference cement slurry with good elasticity and toughness was developed. The cement slurry had densities adjustable between 1.50 g/cm~3 and 2.20 g/cm~3, good rheology, API fluid loss of less than 50 mL, 72 h compressive strength of 11.5 MPa of a 1.50 g/cm~3 low density set cement at temperature difference of 50 ℃,72 h compressive strength of 17.7 MPa of a 1.88 g/cm~3 set cement at temperature difference of 70 ℃, and the set cement had elastic modulus of less than 7 GPa and flexural strength greater than 3.5 MPa. Inspection of the integrity of the cement sheath showed that the cement sheath was able to undergo 30 turns of loading and offloading of 90 MPa. This cement slurry was successfully used in the tieback of φ193.7 mm and φ206.4 mm liners in the well Shunbei-4 drilled by the Northwest Oilfield Division of Sinopec, with 5693 m open hole cemented with high quality in one try. The difference of the temperatures between the bottom and top was 105 ℃. The cementing operation of the well Shunbei-4 has set up an example of successfully cementing long section of a gas well
Cementing of a gas well with long section to be cemented and big temperature difference has been challenged with difficulties such as ultra-long time of retarding of the top cement column and retained pressure in annular space resulted from failure of cement sheath. Studies have been conducted on the selection of retarding agents and filter loss reducers that can satisfy the requirements of cementing at 170 ℃ with temperature difference of about 100 ℃ and the strength development of set cement. High temperature additives with good toughness were also selected and used in laboratory studies to reduce the brittleness and to enhance the elasticity and toughness of the set cement. Using these selected additives a large temperature difference cement slurry with good elasticity and toughness was developed. The cement slurry had densities adjustable between 1.50 g/cm~3 and 2.20 g/cm~3, good rheology, API fluid loss of less than 50 mL, 72 h compressive strength of 11.5 MPa of a 1.50 g/cm~3 low density set cement at temperature difference of 50 ℃,72 h compressive strength of 17.7 MPa of a 1.88 g/cm~3 set cement at temperature difference of 70 ℃, and the set cement had elastic modulus of less than 7 GPa and flexural strength greater than 3.5 MPa. Inspection of the integrity of the cement sheath showed that the cement sheath was able to undergo 30 turns of loading and offloading of 90 MPa. This cement slurry was successfully used in the tieback of φ193.7 mm and φ206.4 mm liners in the well Shunbei-4 drilled by the Northwest Oilfield Division of Sinopec, with 5693 m open hole cemented with high quality in one try. The difference of the temperatures between the bottom and top was 105 ℃. The cementing operation of the well Shunbei-4 has set up an example of successfully cementing long section of a gas well
引文
[1]于永金,靳建州,齐奉忠.功能性固井工作液研究进展[J].钻井液与完井液,2016,33(4):1-7.YU Yongjin,JIN Jianzhou,QI Fengzhong.Progress of study on functional cementing fluids[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2016,33(4):1-7.
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[10]沈吉云,石林,李勇,等.大压差条件下水泥环密封完整性分析及展望[J].天然气工业,2017,37(4):98-108.SHEN Jiyun,SHI Lin,LI Yong,et al.Analysis and perspective of cement sheath integrity under a high differential pressure[J].Natural Gas Industry,2017,37(4):98-108.
[11]初纬,沈吉云,杨云飞,等.连续变化内压下套管-水泥环-围岩组合体微环隙计算[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(3):379-385.CHU Wei,SHEN Jiyun,YANG Yunfei,et al.Calculation of micro-annulus size in casing-cement sheath-formation system under continuous internal casing pressure change[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(3):379-385.
[2]齐奉忠,刘硕琼,沈吉云.中国石油固井技术进展及发展建议[J].石油科技论坛,2017,36(1):26-31.QI Fengzhong,LIU Shuoqiong,SHEN Jiyun.Suggestion on CNPC cementing technological development[J].Oil Forum,2017,36(1):26-31.
[3]齐奉忠,于永金,刘斌辉,等.长封固段大温差固井技术研究与实践[J].石油科技论坛,2017,36(6):32-36.QI Fengzhong,YU Yongjin,LIU Binhui,et al.Study and practice of large temperature difference cementing technology for long-cementing interval[J].Oil Forum,2017,36(6):32-36.
[4]岳家平,徐翔,李早元,等.高温大温差固井水泥浆体系研究[J].钻井液与完井液,2012,29(2):59-62.YUE Jiaping,XU Xiang,LI Zaoyuan,et al.Research on high temperature and large temperature difference cement slurry system[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2012,29(2):59-62.
[5]张华,冯宇思,靳建州,等.大温差水泥浆体系的研究与应用[J].钻井液与完井液,2012,29(5):54-57.ZHANG Hua,FENG Yusi,JIN Jianzhou,et al.Study and application of large temperature difference cement slurry system[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2012,29(5):54-57.
[6]方春飞,刘学鹏,张明昌.耐高温油井水泥缓凝剂SCR180L的合成及评价[J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(2):171-175.108FANG Chunfei,LIU Xuepeng,ZHANG Mingchang.Synthesis and assessment of heat-resistant cement retardant SCR180L for oil producers[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2016,38(2):171-175.
[7]刘学鹏,张明昌,方春飞.耐高温油井水泥降失水剂的合成和性能[J].钻井液与完井液,2015,32(6):61-64.LIU Xuepeng,ZHANG Mingchang,FANG Chunfei.Synthesis and performance of a high temperature filter loss reducer for oil well cementing[J].Drilling Fluid&Completion Fluid,2015,32(6):61-64.
[8]司秀勇,潘慧敏.纤维对混凝土早期抗裂性能的影响[J].硅酸盐通报,2011,30(6):1425-1429.SI Xiuyong,PAN Huimin.Influences of fiber on early crack resistance of concrete[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2011,30(6):1425-1429.
[9]张峰,季凯,吕磊,等.油井水泥增韧剂的实验研究[J].四川建筑科学研究,2012,38(5):166-168.101ZHANG Feng,JI Kai,LYU Lei,et al.The research on reinforced agent for oilwell cement[J].Sichuan Building Science,2012,38(5):166-168.
[10]沈吉云,石林,李勇,等.大压差条件下水泥环密封完整性分析及展望[J].天然气工业,2017,37(4):98-108.SHEN Jiyun,SHI Lin,LI Yong,et al.Analysis and perspective of cement sheath integrity under a high differential pressure[J].Natural Gas Industry,2017,37(4):98-108.
[11]初纬,沈吉云,杨云飞,等.连续变化内压下套管-水泥环-围岩组合体微环隙计算[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(3):379-385.CHU Wei,SHEN Jiyun,YANG Yunfei,et al.Calculation of micro-annulus size in casing-cement sheath-formation system under continuous internal casing pressure change[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(3):379-385.