应用扫描电镜与X射线能谱仪研究柳江盆地上石盒子组砂岩孔隙与矿物成分特征
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摘要
柳江盆地是国家级地质遗迹自然保护区,位于河北省秦皇岛市北部的燕山脚下。该区内的二叠系上石盒子组砂岩的岩石学研究工作多集中于宏观野外地质观测,缺少微观尺度下对上石盒子组孔隙特征和矿物组分特征的研究。本文在野外地质观察与剖面实测基础上,采用扫描电镜和X射线能谱测试,分析了柳江盆地上石盒子组砂岩的孔隙特征与成分特征。结果表明,柳江盆地上石盒子组以含砾粗砂岩、中砂岩与粉砂岩-泥岩互层为主,具有"二元结构"。扫描电镜下观察发现上石盒子组砂岩孔隙包括原生孔隙和次生孔隙两大类,次生孔隙依据孔隙形态与分布位置又可分为粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔、微裂隙和晶间微孔。砂岩矿物组成含量最多的矿物为石英和长石,其次为高岭石和绿泥石等黏土矿物;黏土矿物的种类组合特征表明,上石盒子组砂岩处于中成岩阶段早期。
Liujiang Basin is a famous geologic relic national nature reserve in china located at foot of Yanshan mountain in Qinhuangdao city.Petrological study on Upper Shihezi Formation of Permian system of Liujiang Basin Focuses mainly focuses on the macro-scale geological observation and lacks research on the characteristics of its pore and mineral components.Based on the field observation of outcrops and the measured sections the author carried out SEM(scanning electron microscope)and X-ray Spectrometry analysis on samples and summarized up the pore and mineral component characteristics.The results show that Upper Shihezi Formation in Liujiang Basin is mainly a binary structure series of conglomeratic sandstone and medium sandstone/interbed mudstone and siltstone.Under scanning electron microscope are recognized two types of pore,i.e.,the primary pore and secondary pore and the secondary pore can be classified into Intergranular dissolved pore,intragranular pore,microfissure and intergranular micropore according to the position distribution and morpholohy.Minerals in sandstones are mainly quartz and feldspar,then kaolinite and illite suggesting that sandstone of Upper Shihezi Formation is the product of middle diagenetic stage.
Liujiang Basin is a famous geologic relic national nature reserve in china located at foot of Yanshan mountain in Qinhuangdao city.Petrological study on Upper Shihezi Formation of Permian system of Liujiang Basin Focuses mainly focuses on the macro-scale geological observation and lacks research on the characteristics of its pore and mineral components.Based on the field observation of outcrops and the measured sections the author carried out SEM(scanning electron microscope)and X-ray Spectrometry analysis on samples and summarized up the pore and mineral component characteristics.The results show that Upper Shihezi Formation in Liujiang Basin is mainly a binary structure series of conglomeratic sandstone and medium sandstone/interbed mudstone and siltstone.Under scanning electron microscope are recognized two types of pore,i.e.,the primary pore and secondary pore and the secondary pore can be classified into Intergranular dissolved pore,intragranular pore,microfissure and intergranular micropore according to the position distribution and morpholohy.Minerals in sandstones are mainly quartz and feldspar,then kaolinite and illite suggesting that sandstone of Upper Shihezi Formation is the product of middle diagenetic stage.
引文
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[2]杜谷,王坤阳,冉敬,等.红外光谱/扫描电镜等现代大型仪器岩石矿物鉴定技术及其应用[J].岩矿测试,2014,33(5):625-8633.
[3]陈丽华,缪昕.扫面电镜在地质上的应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1986:13-15.
[4]Ahr W M.Pore characteristics as surrogates for permeability in mapping reservoir flow units vaccum San Andres field,Lea Country,New Mexico[J].AAPG Bulletin,1991,75(3):532-551.
[5]刘伟新,王延斌,郭莉,等.扫描电镜/环境扫描电镜在油气地质研究中的应用[J].电子显微学报,2006,25(S1):321-322.
[6]Wang K R,Ren C G.SPM and SEM study on the occurrence of micrograined gold in Jinyagold deposit,Guangxi[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1992,37:1906-1910.
[7]王坤阳,徐金沙,饶华文,等.扫描电镜-X射线能谱仪在丹巴地区铂族矿物物相特征分析中的应用[J].岩矿测试,2013,32(6):924-930.
[8]胡勇平,于学峰,郑林伟,等.高分辨扫描电镜和X射线能谱Mapping技术研究碲矿物的成分和形态特征[J].岩矿测试,2015,34(6):643-651.
[9]胡作维,李云,黄思静,等.砂岩储层中原生孔隙的破坏与保存机制研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2012,27(1):14-825.
[10]刘惟庆,吴伟,秦成岗,等.基于扫描电镜的砂岩储层分析:以白云凹陷珠江组三角洲前缘砂体为例[J].电子显微学报,2014(2):117-122.
[11]罗月明,刘伟新,谭学群,等.鄂尔多斯大牛地气田上古生界储层成岩作用评价[J].石油实验地质,2007,29(4):384-390.
[12]肖开华,冯动军,李秀鹏.川西新场须四段致密砂岩储层微观孔喉与可动流体变化特征[J].石油实验地质,2014(1):77-82.
[13]赵永刚,韩永林,粱晓伟,等.陕北斜坡中部长2储层主要孔隙类型及成岩作用的控制[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2014(1):31-38.
[14]郑浚茂,庞明.华北某些地区石炭-二叠系成岩作用及成岩阶段的研究[J].现代地质,1987(Z1).367-377.
[15]Worden R H,Morad S.Clay minerals in sandstones:Controls on formation,distribution and evolution[J].Special Publication of the International Association of Sedimentologists,2003,34:3-31.