大姚六苴砂岩型铜矿区构造岩矿物岩石学特征与地质意义
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摘要
大姚六苴铜矿区是楚雄盆地典型的砂岩型铜矿床聚集区,矿床(体)在燕山期沉积成岩成矿作用的基础上,受到喜山运动构造-成矿作用的改造,构造控矿特征明显。基于矿床成矿地质特征与褶皱、断裂等构造变形分析,着重采用构造岩显微构造特征和构造岩石英脉ESR测年方法,研究了构造岩矿物岩石学特征及其地质意义,讨论了扩展构造岩矿物岩石学研究的途径。通过构造岩显微组构研究认为,显微构造存在NE-SW向、近EW向、NW-SE向和近SN向主压应力;含矿流体受构造动力的驱动,在紫红色砂岩蚀变为浅色砂岩的过程中伴随着硅化和碳酸盐化发生沉淀成矿。构造岩ESR测年结果反映该区经历了喜山运动早期(46.8±4.5~56.0±5.6Ma)、中期(32.4±3.0~42.3±4.1Ma)、晚期(23.5±2.4~29.3±3.0Ma)三期构造变形改造作用和热液活动。
As a typical sandstone-type copper ore district in the Chuxiong Basin, Dayao Liuju copper ore-deposits and ore-bodies formed with tectonic-metallogenic mineralization during the Himalayan movement on the basis of sedimentation-diagenesis mineralizing at the Yanshan movement stage, which leads to show structure-controlling features. Based on the geological and ore-forming characteristics and structural deformation analysis results of macro-structures including folds and faults in Liuju copper ore-district, Dayao, it is emphasized to use ways by microstructures and ESR dating to reveal the mineralogical-petrological characteristics and geological significance of the tectonites. We also discussed how to expand the study on tectonite petrology in the future. Oriented tectonites' micro-structural marks indicate that there exist principal compressive stresses as the NE-SW, E-W, NW-SE and S-N trends; the ore bearing fluid should be driven under the tectonic stresses to deposit ores and form silicification and carbonation alteration when the purple sandstones were altered into light-colored. The tectonite ESR dating results reflect that the district was experienced 3 stages of structural deformation and thermal-fluid activities respectively due to the early stage(46.8±4.5~56.0±5.6 Ma), medium stage(32.4±3.0~42.3±4.1 Ma) and late stage(23.5±2.4~29.3±3.0 Ma) of the Himalayan movement. The ESR dating could be an effective chronological method to study the regional structure evolution. And the mineralogypetrology research should be complement and certification items for matching the study on macro-structure deformation.
As a typical sandstone-type copper ore district in the Chuxiong Basin, Dayao Liuju copper ore-deposits and ore-bodies formed with tectonic-metallogenic mineralization during the Himalayan movement on the basis of sedimentation-diagenesis mineralizing at the Yanshan movement stage, which leads to show structure-controlling features. Based on the geological and ore-forming characteristics and structural deformation analysis results of macro-structures including folds and faults in Liuju copper ore-district, Dayao, it is emphasized to use ways by microstructures and ESR dating to reveal the mineralogical-petrological characteristics and geological significance of the tectonites. We also discussed how to expand the study on tectonite petrology in the future. Oriented tectonites' micro-structural marks indicate that there exist principal compressive stresses as the NE-SW, E-W, NW-SE and S-N trends; the ore bearing fluid should be driven under the tectonic stresses to deposit ores and form silicification and carbonation alteration when the purple sandstones were altered into light-colored. The tectonite ESR dating results reflect that the district was experienced 3 stages of structural deformation and thermal-fluid activities respectively due to the early stage(46.8±4.5~56.0±5.6 Ma), medium stage(32.4±3.0~42.3±4.1 Ma) and late stage(23.5±2.4~29.3±3.0 Ma) of the Himalayan movement. The ESR dating could be an effective chronological method to study the regional structure evolution. And the mineralogypetrology research should be complement and certification items for matching the study on macro-structure deformation.
引文
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[14]韩润生,邹海俊,吴鹏,等.楚雄盆地砂岩型铜矿床构造-流体耦合成矿模型[J].地质学报,2010,84(10):1438-1447.
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[16]胡煜昭,韩润生,闵朝龙,等.楚雄盆地六苴铜矿含矿岩系沉积演化、成矿时代及成矿深度分析[J].世界地质,2010,29(2):218-225.
[17]鲁文举,王学文,龙力辉.云南楚雄盆地砂(页)岩型铜矿床成矿规律及成矿模式[J].矿物学报,2013,33(4):566-572.
[18]秦德先,孟清,杨明初.牟定郝家河铜矿床的沉积—改造成因[J].矿床地质,1993,12(2):97-108.
[19]梁徐文,韩润生,吴海枝,等.云南楚雄盆地郝家河铜矿区断裂地质特征及其与成矿的关系[J].现代地质,2013,27(6):1297-1307.
[20]何永年,林传勇,史兰斌.构造岩石学基础[M].地质出版社,1988.
[21]刘肇昌,李凡友,钟康惠,等.扬子地台西缘构造演化与成矿[M].成都:电子科技大学出版社,1996:1-251.
[22]杨庆道,王伟锋,吴思卫,等.楚雄盆地构造演化及其对油气聚集的控制[J].中国石油勘探,2011,16(4):28-36.
[23]丁道桂,潘文蕾,黄继文.楚雄前陆盆地的改造变形[J].石油实验地质,2012,34(4):345-356.
[24]梁兴中,高钧成.断裂成矿年龄的α石英ESR研究[J].矿物岩石,1999,19(2):69-71.
[25]杨坤光,梁兴中,谢建磊,等.ESR定年:一种确定脆性断层活动年龄的方法原理与应用[J].地球科学进展,2006,21(4):430-435.
[26]Yang K F,Yang K G,Ma C Q.Deformation characteristics and ESR dating of Anhua-Xupu fault belt in the Xuefeng mounatains,Hunan[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2005,28(3):263-269.
[27]尹功明,林敏.沉积物电子自旋共振测年现状[J].核技术,2005,28(5):399-402.
[28]李立刚,黄培华,傅容珊,等.断层粘滑摩擦增温的理论分析及其对TL,ESR测龄的意义[J].地震地质,1999,21(4):387-396.
[29]贾丽,鲍继飞,尹功明,等.方解石脉ESR定年信号和测量条件的研究[J].地震地质,2006,28(4):668-674.
[30]业渝光,刁少波,高钧成.干旱地区石膏ESR测年的初步研究[J].核技术,2003,26(1):66-67.
[31]周文,张银德,王洪辉,等.楚雄盆地北部T3-J地层天然裂缝形成期次确定[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2008,35(2):121-126.
[32]彭建堂,毕献武,胡瑞忠,等.滇西马厂箐斑岩铜(钼)矿床成岩成矿时限的厘定[J].矿物学报,2005,25(1):69-74.
[33]刘树根,赵锡奎,罗志立,等.龙门山造山带—川西前陆盆地系统构造事件研究[J].成都理工学院学报,2001,28(3):221-230.
[34]毕献武,胡瑞忠,Cornell D H.富碱侵入岩与金成矿关系:云南省姚安金矿床成矿流体形成演化的微量元素和同位素证据[J].地球化学,2001,30(3):264-272.
[35]蒋小芳,王生伟,孙晓明,等.云南永仁直苴铜多金属矿床含矿斑岩体锆石U-Pb年龄[J].矿床地质,2014,33(S1):281-282.
[36]万玲,郭随平,刘德良.滇中楚雄盆地构造演化与油气关系[J].南京大学学报(自然科学版),1998,34(3):322-329.
[37]冉崇英,张智筠,庄汉平.楚雄盆地铜、膏盐、有机矿床组合地球化学[J].成都理工学院学报,1998,25(2):241-245.
[38]催克信.中国西南区域古地理及其演化图集[M].北京:地震出版社,2004.
[39]翟光明,宋建国,靳久强,等.板块构造演化与含油气盆地形成和评价[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.
[40]肖荣阁,陈卉泉,袁见齐.云南中新生代地质与矿产[M].北京:海洋出版社,1993.
[41]Zou H J,Han R S,Yao Z H,et al.Several methods and steps in tectono-geochemistry research[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica acta,2010,74(12):A370-A370.
[2]成冶.我国某地区砂岩铜矿床的成因及控矿因素的初步探讨[J].地质学报1975,49(1):28-44.
[3]冉崇英,刘卫华.康滇地轴铜矿床地球化学与矿床层楼结构机理[M].北京:科学出版社,1993:1-165.
[4]庄汉平,冉崇英,何明勤,等.楚雄盆地铜、盐、有机质相互作用与砂岩铜矿生成[J].地质学报,1996,70(2):162-172.
[5]Ran C Y,Liu W H,Zhang Z J,et al.Rifting cycle and storeyed texture of copper deposits and their geochemical evolution in Kangdian region[J].Sciencein China(Series B),1995,38(5):606-612.
[6]陈根文,夏斌,吴延之,等.沉积岩对楚雄盆地砂岩铜矿成矿的控制[J].矿物岩石,2002,22(3):24-28.
[7]刘家铎,张成江,刘显凡,等.扬子地台西南缘成矿规律及找矿方向[M].北京:地质出版社,2004.
[8]陈根文,夏斌,王国强,等.楚雄盆地砂岩铜矿床构造控矿分析[J].大地构造与成矿学,2002,26(2):167-171.
[9]谭富文,尹福光,许效松,等.楚雄前陆盆地的构造特征与沉积演化[J].大地构造与成矿学,2004,28(3):345-352.
[10]曹德斌,张志斌.楚雄盆地中—新生界构造变形特征[J].云南地质,2001,21(1):50-59.
[11]涂光炽.中国层控矿床地球化学(第三卷)[M].北京:科学出版社,1988.
[12]邹海俊.楚雄盆地构造变形及其成矿作用研究——以大姚六苴铜矿区为例[D].昆明:昆明理工大学(博士论文),2008.
[13]韩润生,邹海俊,吴鹏,等.大姚六苴砂岩型铜矿床构造演化时间序列及构造-流体耦合成矿模式[J],矿物学报,2009,29(S1):425-426.
[14]韩润生,邹海俊,吴鹏,等.楚雄盆地砂岩型铜矿床构造-流体耦合成矿模型[J].地质学报,2010,84(10):1438-1447.
[15]韩润生,吴鹏,胡煜昭,等.楚雄盆地砂岩型铜矿床岩性/岩相成矿结构面[J].地球科学进展,2012,27(S1):174-178.
[16]胡煜昭,韩润生,闵朝龙,等.楚雄盆地六苴铜矿含矿岩系沉积演化、成矿时代及成矿深度分析[J].世界地质,2010,29(2):218-225.
[17]鲁文举,王学文,龙力辉.云南楚雄盆地砂(页)岩型铜矿床成矿规律及成矿模式[J].矿物学报,2013,33(4):566-572.
[18]秦德先,孟清,杨明初.牟定郝家河铜矿床的沉积—改造成因[J].矿床地质,1993,12(2):97-108.
[19]梁徐文,韩润生,吴海枝,等.云南楚雄盆地郝家河铜矿区断裂地质特征及其与成矿的关系[J].现代地质,2013,27(6):1297-1307.
[20]何永年,林传勇,史兰斌.构造岩石学基础[M].地质出版社,1988.
[21]刘肇昌,李凡友,钟康惠,等.扬子地台西缘构造演化与成矿[M].成都:电子科技大学出版社,1996:1-251.
[22]杨庆道,王伟锋,吴思卫,等.楚雄盆地构造演化及其对油气聚集的控制[J].中国石油勘探,2011,16(4):28-36.
[23]丁道桂,潘文蕾,黄继文.楚雄前陆盆地的改造变形[J].石油实验地质,2012,34(4):345-356.
[24]梁兴中,高钧成.断裂成矿年龄的α石英ESR研究[J].矿物岩石,1999,19(2):69-71.
[25]杨坤光,梁兴中,谢建磊,等.ESR定年:一种确定脆性断层活动年龄的方法原理与应用[J].地球科学进展,2006,21(4):430-435.
[26]Yang K F,Yang K G,Ma C Q.Deformation characteristics and ESR dating of Anhua-Xupu fault belt in the Xuefeng mounatains,Hunan[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2005,28(3):263-269.
[27]尹功明,林敏.沉积物电子自旋共振测年现状[J].核技术,2005,28(5):399-402.
[28]李立刚,黄培华,傅容珊,等.断层粘滑摩擦增温的理论分析及其对TL,ESR测龄的意义[J].地震地质,1999,21(4):387-396.
[29]贾丽,鲍继飞,尹功明,等.方解石脉ESR定年信号和测量条件的研究[J].地震地质,2006,28(4):668-674.
[30]业渝光,刁少波,高钧成.干旱地区石膏ESR测年的初步研究[J].核技术,2003,26(1):66-67.
[31]周文,张银德,王洪辉,等.楚雄盆地北部T3-J地层天然裂缝形成期次确定[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2008,35(2):121-126.
[32]彭建堂,毕献武,胡瑞忠,等.滇西马厂箐斑岩铜(钼)矿床成岩成矿时限的厘定[J].矿物学报,2005,25(1):69-74.
[33]刘树根,赵锡奎,罗志立,等.龙门山造山带—川西前陆盆地系统构造事件研究[J].成都理工学院学报,2001,28(3):221-230.
[34]毕献武,胡瑞忠,Cornell D H.富碱侵入岩与金成矿关系:云南省姚安金矿床成矿流体形成演化的微量元素和同位素证据[J].地球化学,2001,30(3):264-272.
[35]蒋小芳,王生伟,孙晓明,等.云南永仁直苴铜多金属矿床含矿斑岩体锆石U-Pb年龄[J].矿床地质,2014,33(S1):281-282.
[36]万玲,郭随平,刘德良.滇中楚雄盆地构造演化与油气关系[J].南京大学学报(自然科学版),1998,34(3):322-329.
[37]冉崇英,张智筠,庄汉平.楚雄盆地铜、膏盐、有机矿床组合地球化学[J].成都理工学院学报,1998,25(2):241-245.
[38]催克信.中国西南区域古地理及其演化图集[M].北京:地震出版社,2004.
[39]翟光明,宋建国,靳久强,等.板块构造演化与含油气盆地形成和评价[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.
[40]肖荣阁,陈卉泉,袁见齐.云南中新生代地质与矿产[M].北京:海洋出版社,1993.
[41]Zou H J,Han R S,Yao Z H,et al.Several methods and steps in tectono-geochemistry research[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica acta,2010,74(12):A370-A370.