吴澄“性情之真”及其元代诗学史意义
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摘要
吴澄的"性情之真"包含个人情感和共性情感两部分,由此二者出发构建诗学,涉及外在环境、诗歌以及历史变革三个方面。其诗论虽以理学思想为根基,但是深受当时"宗唐"诗风的影响,重视"性情"之说。吴澄通过融合理学和"宗唐"诗风,重新建构起符合元代风潮的诗学理论,弥补了宋季理学家论诗空洞且脱离现实的缺点,开启了元代中后期的理学家以心、性情论诗和宗今师心的论诗风潮。
Wu Cheng's temperament really contains two parts: personal emotion and common emotion. Constructing poetics based on both of them involves three aspects: external environment,poetry,and historical transformation. Although his theory of poetry was based on the theory of the Confucians,he was deeply influenced by the poetic style of the"Zongtang"at that time and attached importance to the theory of"feeling. "Wu Cheng reconstructed the poetic theory that conformed to the trend of Yuan Dynasty through the integration of Confucianism and the poetic style of"Zong Tang",which made up for the shortcomings of Song poets who were empty and out of touch with reality,and opened the heart of Confucian scholars in the middle and late Yuan Dynasty on the poems of disposition,poems of temperament,and trends of poetry by masters.
Wu Cheng's temperament really contains two parts: personal emotion and common emotion. Constructing poetics based on both of them involves three aspects: external environment,poetry,and historical transformation. Although his theory of poetry was based on the theory of the Confucians,he was deeply influenced by the poetic style of the"Zongtang"at that time and attached importance to the theory of"feeling. "Wu Cheng reconstructed the poetic theory that conformed to the trend of Yuan Dynasty through the integration of Confucianism and the poetic style of"Zong Tang",which made up for the shortcomings of Song poets who were empty and out of touch with reality,and opened the heart of Confucian scholars in the middle and late Yuan Dynasty on the poems of disposition,poems of temperament,and trends of poetry by masters.
引文
[1]王素美.传统诗教与非传统诗教之间──论吴澄诗歌理论的特点及其影响[J].陕西师大学报:哲学社会科学版,1995(2):133-138.
[2]吴澄.吴文正集[O].影印文渊阁四库全书本.
[3]王素美.吴澄的理学思想与文学[M].北京:人民出版社,2005.
[4]祝尚书.以道论诗与以诗言道:宋代理学家诗学观原论——兼论“洛学兴而文字坏”[J].四川大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2011(4):63-73.
[5]陆九渊.陆九渊集[M].北京:中华书局,1980.
[6]邵雍.伊川击壤集[M].北京:中华书局,2013.
[7]朱熹.朱子语类[M].北京:中华书局,1985.
[8]吴文治.辽金元诗话全编:肆[M].南京:凤凰出版社,2006.
(1)王忠阁和叶爱欣是从时代的角度阐释吴澄诗学观点,查洪德的博士论文第十章将吴澄的诗学分成四个方面进行论述,分别是:气本论、心学与人心自然、自然性情论和作家修养与哲学人性论。王忠阁、叶爱欣:《吴澄的诗论及其历史地位》,信阳师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版)1997第3期;查洪德:《理学背景下的元代文论与诗文》,河北大学2004年。
[2]吴澄.吴文正集[O].影印文渊阁四库全书本.
[3]王素美.吴澄的理学思想与文学[M].北京:人民出版社,2005.
[4]祝尚书.以道论诗与以诗言道:宋代理学家诗学观原论——兼论“洛学兴而文字坏”[J].四川大学学报:哲学社会科学版,2011(4):63-73.
[5]陆九渊.陆九渊集[M].北京:中华书局,1980.
[6]邵雍.伊川击壤集[M].北京:中华书局,2013.
[7]朱熹.朱子语类[M].北京:中华书局,1985.
[8]吴文治.辽金元诗话全编:肆[M].南京:凤凰出版社,2006.
(1)王忠阁和叶爱欣是从时代的角度阐释吴澄诗学观点,查洪德的博士论文第十章将吴澄的诗学分成四个方面进行论述,分别是:气本论、心学与人心自然、自然性情论和作家修养与哲学人性论。王忠阁、叶爱欣:《吴澄的诗论及其历史地位》,信阳师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版)1997第3期;查洪德:《理学背景下的元代文论与诗文》,河北大学2004年。