锥栗花粉萌发率及生活力测定研究
|
摘要
以锥栗不同品系为材料,对其花粉粒大小、花粉量进行观测,以及不同花期、不同枝梢、不同贮藏条件、不同培养条件下花粉萌发率进行测定。结果表明:不同品系花粉粒大小及形态、花粉量、生活力存在差异,其中,1号、24号花粉量较大,生活力高,适宜作为授粉树品种;锥栗盛花期的花粉萌发率远高于初花期及末花期,且雄花枝上的花粉萌发率显著高于结果枝;4~7℃低温干燥贮藏能显著延长锥栗花粉生活力;5.0%~7.5%的蔗糖、400~900 mg/kg的硼酸溶液最适宜于锥栗花粉萌发,且花粉萌发的最适宜温度为30~35℃。因此,在生产上可于锥栗盛花期,选择温度较高的晴朗天气,喷施400~900 mg/kg的硼酸溶液,以促进花粉萌发,提高坐果率,减少空苞。
Size and quantity of pollen were measured,and germination rate of pollen at different flowering stage,branches,storage and culture conditions were determined for different cultivars of Castanea henryi. The results showed that there were differences existed in size,morphology,quantity and viability of pollen among different cultivars,and the pollen quantity and viability of No. 1 and No. 24 were higher,which were suitable for pollination trees. The pollen germination rate in full bloom was much higher than that in initial and end flowering,and the germination rate of pollen from male branch was significantly higher than that from bearing branch. Low temperature with 4-7 ℃ and drying storage condition could prolong the pollen viability. The concentration of sucrose at 5. 0%-7. 5%,and the concentration of boric acid at 400-900 mg/kg were greatly suitable for pollen germination,and the most suitable temperature for that were from 30 ℃ to 35 ℃. The study suggests that,we should choose sunny weather with higher temperature and spray the boric acid with concentration of 400-900 mg/kg at full flowering stage on production,to promote pollen germination,improve fruit-set rate,and reduce the empty shell.
Size and quantity of pollen were measured,and germination rate of pollen at different flowering stage,branches,storage and culture conditions were determined for different cultivars of Castanea henryi. The results showed that there were differences existed in size,morphology,quantity and viability of pollen among different cultivars,and the pollen quantity and viability of No. 1 and No. 24 were higher,which were suitable for pollination trees. The pollen germination rate in full bloom was much higher than that in initial and end flowering,and the germination rate of pollen from male branch was significantly higher than that from bearing branch. Low temperature with 4-7 ℃ and drying storage condition could prolong the pollen viability. The concentration of sucrose at 5. 0%-7. 5%,and the concentration of boric acid at 400-900 mg/kg were greatly suitable for pollen germination,and the most suitable temperature for that were from 30 ℃ to 35 ℃. The study suggests that,we should choose sunny weather with higher temperature and spray the boric acid with concentration of 400-900 mg/kg at full flowering stage on production,to promote pollen germination,improve fruit-set rate,and reduce the empty shell.
引文
[1]龚榜初,刘国彬.锥栗自然居群遗传多样性的ISSR分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2013,14(4):581-587.
[2]张旭辉,袁德义,邹峰,等.锥栗花粉直感效应[J].园艺学报,2016,43(1):61-70.
[3]刘赢男,周丹,刘玮,等.不同培养基及贮藏条件对山梅花属植物花粉生活力的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2011,39(12):47-48,79.
[4]赵纪伟,李莉,彭建营,等.梨不同品种花粉生活力测定及授粉特性研究[J].植物遗传资源学报,2012,13(1):152-156,162.
[5]王改萍,朱雪晨,彭方仁,等.生长调节物质对楸树花粉萌发及花粉管生长的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2014,34(2):13-18.
[6]张瑞,李洋,梁有旺,等.薄壳山核桃花粉离体萌发和花粉管生长特性研究[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(9):1916-1922.
[7]龚榜初,洪月明,吴士元,等.柿花粉生活力及雌花可授期[J].经济林研究,2000,18(1):26-28.
[8]田寿乐,孙晓莉,沈广宁,等.中国栗属植物花粉萌发特性研究[J].经济林研究,2013,31(1):75-80.
[9]夏仁学,马梦亭,郭治成.人工条件下影响板栗花粉发芽的若干因素研究[J].华中农业大学学报,1991,10(1):58-62.
[10]刘殊,吴另接,宋巧玲,等.板栗花粉萌发率的测定[J].农业与技术,1997,98(3):28-30.
[11]李中涛,郎丰华.栗芽发育特性的研究[J].园艺学报,1964,3(1):17-30.
[12]Craddock J H,Reed S M,Schlarbaum S E,et al.Storage of flowering dogwood(Cornus florida L)pollen[J].Hort Science,2000,35(1):108-109.
[13]蔡荣靖,龙洪进,高玉蓉,等.不同贮藏条件对辣椒花粉生活力的影响[J].长江蔬菜,2009(8):24-26.
[14]Rajasekharan P E,Ganeshan S.Freeze preservation of rose pollen in liquid nitrogen:Feasibility,viability and fertility status after long-term storage[J].Journal of Horticultural Science,1994,69(3):565-569.
[15]夏仁学,彭抒昂,陈桂林,等.板栗花粉发芽的影响因子及发芽动态的研究[J].武汉植物学研究,1989,7(4):351-355.
[2]张旭辉,袁德义,邹峰,等.锥栗花粉直感效应[J].园艺学报,2016,43(1):61-70.
[3]刘赢男,周丹,刘玮,等.不同培养基及贮藏条件对山梅花属植物花粉生活力的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2011,39(12):47-48,79.
[4]赵纪伟,李莉,彭建营,等.梨不同品种花粉生活力测定及授粉特性研究[J].植物遗传资源学报,2012,13(1):152-156,162.
[5]王改萍,朱雪晨,彭方仁,等.生长调节物质对楸树花粉萌发及花粉管生长的影响[J].西南林业大学学报,2014,34(2):13-18.
[6]张瑞,李洋,梁有旺,等.薄壳山核桃花粉离体萌发和花粉管生长特性研究[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(9):1916-1922.
[7]龚榜初,洪月明,吴士元,等.柿花粉生活力及雌花可授期[J].经济林研究,2000,18(1):26-28.
[8]田寿乐,孙晓莉,沈广宁,等.中国栗属植物花粉萌发特性研究[J].经济林研究,2013,31(1):75-80.
[9]夏仁学,马梦亭,郭治成.人工条件下影响板栗花粉发芽的若干因素研究[J].华中农业大学学报,1991,10(1):58-62.
[10]刘殊,吴另接,宋巧玲,等.板栗花粉萌发率的测定[J].农业与技术,1997,98(3):28-30.
[11]李中涛,郎丰华.栗芽发育特性的研究[J].园艺学报,1964,3(1):17-30.
[12]Craddock J H,Reed S M,Schlarbaum S E,et al.Storage of flowering dogwood(Cornus florida L)pollen[J].Hort Science,2000,35(1):108-109.
[13]蔡荣靖,龙洪进,高玉蓉,等.不同贮藏条件对辣椒花粉生活力的影响[J].长江蔬菜,2009(8):24-26.
[14]Rajasekharan P E,Ganeshan S.Freeze preservation of rose pollen in liquid nitrogen:Feasibility,viability and fertility status after long-term storage[J].Journal of Horticultural Science,1994,69(3):565-569.
[15]夏仁学,彭抒昂,陈桂林,等.板栗花粉发芽的影响因子及发芽动态的研究[J].武汉植物学研究,1989,7(4):351-355.