重大海上溢油事故应急处置辅助决策方法
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摘要
采用海面、岸线两个指标,利用熵权法构建一种溢油应急处置过程中海上溢油总体污染等级的评价方法.根据总体污染等级,结合团队多年溢油应急处置经验,提出溢油应急处置行动规模的建议.该评价方法在保证清污效率的同时,避免了清污资源的过量投入,可供主管机关进行溢油应急处置行动规模决策时参考.
An evaluation method of the total pollution level of oil spill at sea in the process of emergency disposal was constructed by using the entropy weight method with two indexes of sea surface and shoreline. According to the overall pollution level, combined with the team's years of experience in oil spill emergency response, the suggestions on the scale of oil spill emergency disposal were put forward. This evaluation method not only ensures the efficiency of pollution removal, but also avoids the excessive investment of pollution removal resources, which can be used as a reference for the authorities in making decisions on the scale of oil spill emergency disposal.
An evaluation method of the total pollution level of oil spill at sea in the process of emergency disposal was constructed by using the entropy weight method with two indexes of sea surface and shoreline. According to the overall pollution level, combined with the team's years of experience in oil spill emergency response, the suggestions on the scale of oil spill emergency disposal were put forward. This evaluation method not only ensures the efficiency of pollution removal, but also avoids the excessive investment of pollution removal resources, which can be used as a reference for the authorities in making decisions on the scale of oil spill emergency disposal.
引文
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[15]李元年.基于熵理论的指标体系区分度测算与权重设计[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2008.LI Y N.Research on distinguish degree & weight designing of evaluation system based on entropy theory[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2008.(in Chinese)
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[2]交通运输部.国家重大海上溢油应急处置预案[R],2018.MOT.National major marine oil spill emergency disposal plan[R],2018.(in Chinese)
[3]赵明强,杨勇,马善金,等.港口码头区域溢油应急能力提升方案[J].船海工程,2018,47(2):85-88.ZHAO M Q,YANG Y,MA S J,et al.Improvement program of oil spill emergency capability in terminal area[J].Ship & Ocean Engineering,2018,47(2):85-88.(in Chinese)
[4]李云斌,刘敬贤,魏蕾,等.基于遗传算法的渤海海域溢油救助资源配置优化[J].大连海事大学学报,2015,41(4):121-126.LI Y B,LIU J X,WEI L,et al.Resources allocation optimization of oil spill rescue in the Bohai sea area based on genetic algorithm[J].Journal of Dalian Maritime University,2015,41(4):121-126.(in Chinese)
[5]ITOPF.Technical information paper,tip2:fate of oil spills[R],2014.
[6]尹奇志,初秀民,孙星,等.船舶溢油监测方法的应用现状及发展趋势[J].船海工程,2010,39(5):246-250.YIN Q Z,CHU X M,SUN X,et al.Application and development trend of detecting techniques for oil slick from vessel[J].Ship & Ocean Engineering,2010,39(5):246-250.(in Chinese)
[7]兰国新,李颖,李宝玉,等.基于多源遥感的海上溢油应急监测研究与应用[J].大连海事大学学报,2012,38(1):97-100.LAN G X,LI Y,LI B Y,et al.Technology and application to marine oil spill emergencies with multi-source remote sensing[J].Journal of Dalian Maritime University,2012,38(1):97-100.(in Chinese)
[8]全国海洋标准化技术委员会.海洋溢油生态损害评估技术导则:HY/T 095-2007[S].北京:国家海洋局,2007.SAC/TC283.Technical guidelines for ecological damage assessment on marine oil spill:HY/T 095-2007[S].Beijing:State Oceanic Administration,2007.(in Chinese)
[9]ITOPF.Technical information paper,tip1:aerial observation of marine oil spills[R],2014.
[10]余小凤.海洋溢油应急处置效果评估方法[D].大连:大连海事大学,2013.YU X F.The assessment methods of the effect of marine oil spill emergency response[D].Dalian:Dalian Maritime University,2013.(in Chinese)
[11]索安宁,曹可,马红伟,等.海岸线分类体系探讨[J].地理科学,2015,35(7):933-937.SUO A N,CAO K,MA H W,et al.Discussion on classification system of coastline[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2015,35(7):933-937.(in Chinese)
[12]ITOPF.Technical information paper,tip7:cleanup of oil from shorelines[R],2014.
[13]ITOPF.Technical information paper,tip6:recognition of oil on shorelines[R],2014.
[14]吴圆圆.基于熵权法的微课评价研究[D].武汉:华中师范大学,2017.WU Y Y.Research on entropy weight method based micro-lesson evaluation[D].Wuhan:Central China Normal University,2017.(in Chinese)
[15]李元年.基于熵理论的指标体系区分度测算与权重设计[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2008.LI Y N.Research on distinguish degree & weight designing of evaluation system based on entropy theory[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2008.(in Chinese)
[16]国家海洋局.海洋石油勘探开发溢油应急预案[R],2015.SOA.Oil spill emergency plan of offshore oil exploration and development[R],2015.(in Chinese)
[17]青岛市人民政府.青岛市海上溢油事件应急预案[R],2015.The People’s Government of Qingdao.Emergency plan for marine oil spill in Qingdao[R],2015.(in Chinese)