高等教育资源配置对区域创新能力影响的实证研究
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摘要
高等教育能否得到优化配置,不仅关系到高等教育的教学、科研和社会经济产出能力的提高,更关系到区域创新能力的提升.利用熵权法,对我国高等教育资源配置水平和区域创新能力进行评价,发现其存在地区差异.通过对2000—2014年全国31个省市的高等教育资源投入与区域创新能力数据进行实证检验,研究表明:高等教育资源和非高校创新资源对区域创新能力有正向影响,高校人力资源投入的作用效果相对于物力和财力资源投入的效果更加显著,非高校中企业是创新的主要因素;我国高等教育资源的投入对创新能力的影响存在着明显的区域差异;高等教育资源对区域创新能力存在显著的空间溢出效应,这种溢出效应具有明显的空间衰减性.
Optimizing science technology resource allocation of regional high education is not only related to the teaching,scientific research and social economic output of education,but also the improvement of regional innovation ability. Using PCA methods to evaluate China's higher education resources allocation and regional innovation ability,regional differences have been found. Using the panel data of Chinese 31 provinces during 2000-2014 to empirically examine the influence of higher education resources allocation on regional innovation capability,a conclusion shows that higher education resources allocation and non-university innovation resource have a positive impact on regional innovation capability,the effect of human resources is stronger than material and financial resources,and the enterprise is the main body of innovation. There are obvious regional differences in the influence of education resources on regional innovation,and the space effect between them has obvious spatial drop.
Optimizing science technology resource allocation of regional high education is not only related to the teaching,scientific research and social economic output of education,but also the improvement of regional innovation ability. Using PCA methods to evaluate China's higher education resources allocation and regional innovation ability,regional differences have been found. Using the panel data of Chinese 31 provinces during 2000-2014 to empirically examine the influence of higher education resources allocation on regional innovation capability,a conclusion shows that higher education resources allocation and non-university innovation resource have a positive impact on regional innovation capability,the effect of human resources is stronger than material and financial resources,and the enterprise is the main body of innovation. There are obvious regional differences in the influence of education resources on regional innovation,and the space effect between them has obvious spatial drop.
引文
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[2]Orr D.Research assessment as an instrument for steer in higher education:a comparative study[J].Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management,2004,26(3):345-362.
[3]安蓉,马亮.西部地区地方高校科技创新能力评价研究[J].科研管理,2015(1):15-21.
[4]刘勇,应洪斌,蒋芬君.中国高校科技创新能力比较:基于华东地区高校的实证研究[J].研究与发展管理,2014,26(5):113-119.
[5]Peter A,Paul B.Understanding the regional contribution of higher education institutions:a literature[J].Education Working Paper,2007,7(7):7-60.
[6]Olaniyan D A,Okemakinde T.Human capital theory:implications for educational development[J].Pak J Soc Sci,2008,5(5):479-483.
[7]Romer P.Idea gaps and object gaps in economic development[J].Journal of Monetary Economics,1993,32(3):543-573.
[8]Tallman E W,Wang Ping.Human capital and endogenous growth evidence from Taiwan[J].Journal of Monetary Economics,1994,34(1):101-124.
[9]王家庭,谢郁,倪方树,等.高等教育资源集聚对提升区域创新能力的影响研究[J].创新,2016,10(5):39-48.
[10]Collins C J,Smith K G.Knowledge exchange and combination:the role of human resource practices in the performance of high-technology firms[J].Academic of Management Journal,2006,49(3):544-560.
[11]高月姣,吴和成.创新主体及其交互作用对区域创新能力的影响研究[J].科研管理,2015,36(10):51-57.
[12]白俊红,蒋伏心.协同创新、空间关联与区域创新绩效[J].经济研究,2015(7):174-187.
[13]Wei Yanhui,Zhang Huiying,Wei Jing.Patent elasticity,R&D intensity and regional innovation capacity in China[J].World Patent Information,2015,43(12):50-59.
[14]Czarnitzki D,Fier A.Do innovation subsidies crowd out private investment?evidence from the German service sector[J].Applied Economics Quarterly,2002,48(1):1-25.
[15]王征宇,姜玲,梁涵.受高等教育劳动力对经济增长贡献的区域差异研究[J].教育研究,2011(10):32-37.
[16]Anselin L,Varga A,Acs Z.Local geographic spillovers between university research and high technology innovations[J].Journal of Urban Economics,1997,42(3):422-448.
[17]侯新烁,张宗益,周靖祥.中国经济结构的增长效应及作用路径研究[J].世界经济,2013(5):88-111.