空气中甲醛的植物吸收、传输作用及生理响应
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摘要
以小麦、蒲公英、车前草、绿豆和空心菜幼苗为研究对象采用营养液水培方式利用玻璃密封箱进行甲醛的植物叶面吸收实验,探讨了5种植物对空气中甲醛的吸收、传输作用、净化能力及其生理响应。研究结果表明(1)5种植物均能吸收空气中甲醛,净化能力依次为小麦>蒲公英>车前草>绿豆>空心菜,实验条件下小麦苗的净化效率可达(371.39±17.59)mg/(h·kg FW);(2)车前草、绿豆和蒲公英能够将空气中的甲醛传输至根际溶液中,4 h内3种植物的传输效率分别为(63.08±10.7)、(57.14±9.10)和(197.90±19.12)μg/(h·kg FW)。但小麦和空心菜对空气中甲醛的传输能力较弱,根际溶液中未检测出甲醛;(3)甲醛胁迫对5种植物叶的POD酶活性变化影响不同,但暴露24 h后植物叶中POD酶活性均不低于空白,表现出较高的甲醛耐受性。
Foliar uptake and downward transport of airborne formaldehyde by five plants including water convolvulus,wheat,dandelion,green beans and plantain were investigated to explore the absorption of formaldehyde in air by the plants,transport of formaldehyde in plants and the physiological response of plants by measuring the POD activities.The investigation indicated that(1) airborne formaldehyde could be taken up by plants leaves and could enter into solution of rhizosphere via downward transport;the purification capacity of airborne formaldehyde,which all the five plants owned followed the descending order:wheat > dandelion > plantain > green beans > water convolvulus,and purification efficiency of wheat seedlings could reach(371.39±17.59) mg/(h·kg FW).(2) It was found that formaldehyde could be detected in rhizosphere solutions of plantain,green beans and dandelion after exposure to formaldehyde in air for short time,and within4 h exposure time,the transport efficiencies of formaldehyde by plantain,green beans and dandelion from air to the rhizospyhere solutions were(63.08±10.7) μg/(h·kg FW),(57.14+9.10) μg/(h·kg FW) and(197.90±19.12) μg/(h·kg FW),respectively.(3) The influences of formaldehyde press on POD activities of leaves of the five plants were different;POD activities in five plant leaves after 24-hour exposure to formaldehyde in air were not lower than those of the control ones,indicating the strong tolerances that the five plants possessed to formaldehyde in air..
Foliar uptake and downward transport of airborne formaldehyde by five plants including water convolvulus,wheat,dandelion,green beans and plantain were investigated to explore the absorption of formaldehyde in air by the plants,transport of formaldehyde in plants and the physiological response of plants by measuring the POD activities.The investigation indicated that(1) airborne formaldehyde could be taken up by plants leaves and could enter into solution of rhizosphere via downward transport;the purification capacity of airborne formaldehyde,which all the five plants owned followed the descending order:wheat > dandelion > plantain > green beans > water convolvulus,and purification efficiency of wheat seedlings could reach(371.39±17.59) mg/(h·kg FW).(2) It was found that formaldehyde could be detected in rhizosphere solutions of plantain,green beans and dandelion after exposure to formaldehyde in air for short time,and within4 h exposure time,the transport efficiencies of formaldehyde by plantain,green beans and dandelion from air to the rhizospyhere solutions were(63.08±10.7) μg/(h·kg FW),(57.14+9.10) μg/(h·kg FW) and(197.90±19.12) μg/(h·kg FW),respectively.(3) The influences of formaldehyde press on POD activities of leaves of the five plants were different;POD activities in five plant leaves after 24-hour exposure to formaldehyde in air were not lower than those of the control ones,indicating the strong tolerances that the five plants possessed to formaldehyde in air..
引文
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[2]Tang Xiaojiang,Bai Yang,Anh Duong,et al.Formaldehyde in China:production,consumption,exposure levels and health effects[J].Environment International,2009,35:1210-1224.
[3]朱广生.我国城市家庭室内甲醛污染分析[J].环境经济杂志,2006,4(28):55-59.Song Guangsheng.Analysis of indoor formaldehyde pollution in Chinese urban households[J].Environmental Economy,2006,4(28):55-59.(in Chinese)
[4]韩涛,何秉宇,李娜.乌鲁木齐市室内甲醛污染分析[J].中国科技信息,2007(10):36-38.Han Tao,He Bingyu,Li Na.Analysis of indoor formaldehyde pollution in Urumqi[J].China Science and Technology Information,2007(10):36-38.(in Chinese)
[5]Rong Haiqin,Liu Zhenyu,Wu Qilin,et al.Formaldehyde removal by Rayon-based activated carbon fibers modified by Paminobenzoic acid[J].Cellulose,2010,17:205-214.
[6]Jiao Zhen,Luo Peicheng,Wu Youting,et al.Absorption of lean formaldehyde from air with Na_2S0_3 solution[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2006,134(1/2/3):176-182.
[7]刘伟伟,姚志良.室内甲醛污染及其净化技术研究进展[J].广州化工,2012,40(19):8-10,47.Liu Weiwei,Yao Zhiliang.Review on the Study of Interior Formaldehyde Pollution and Purification Technic[J].Guangzhou Chemical Industry,2012,40(19):8-10,47.(in Chinese)
[8]Kondo T,Hasegawa K,Uchida R,et al.Absorption of formaldehyde by oleander(Nerium indicum)[S].Environmental Science and Technology,1995,29(11):2901-2903.
[9]Su Yuhong,Liang Yongchao.The foliar uptake and downward translocation of trichloroethylene and 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene in air-plant-water systems[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2013,252/253:300-305.
[10]Heribert Schmitz,Ute Hilgers,Manfred Weidner.Assimilation and metabolism of formaldehyde by leaves appear unlikely to be of value for indoor air purification[J].New Phytologist,2000,147:307-315.
[11]Xu Zhongjun,Wang Li,Hou Haiping.Formaldehy deremoval by potted plant-soil systems[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2011,192:314-318.
[12]Su Yuhong,Liang Yongchao.Foliar uptake and translocation of formaldehyde with Bracket plants(Chlorophytum comosum)[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2015,291:120-128.
[13]Kang Baosheng,Shin-ichi Shibata,Ayako Sawada,et al.Air purification capability of potted Phoenix Roebelenii and its installation effect in indoor space[J].Sensors and Materials,2009,21(8):445-455.
[14]Ahu Aydogan,Lupita D.Montoya.Formaldehyde removal by common indoor plant species and various growing media[J].Atmospheric Environment,2011,45:2675-2682.
[15]Kim KJ,Il Jeong M,Lee DW,et al.Variation in formaldehyde removal efficiency among indoor plant species[J].Hortscience,2010,45(10):1489-1495.
[16]Zhou Junhui,Qin Feifei,Su Jie,et al.Purification of formaldehyde-polluted air by indoor plants of Araceae,Agavaceae and Liliaceae[J].Journal of Food,Agriculture&Environment,2011,9(3/4):1012-1018.
[17]鲁敏,裴翡翡,刘顺腾.室内甲醛污染的植物生态修复技术研究进展[J].山东建筑大学学报,2011,26(6):592-597,615.Lu Min,Pei Feifei,Liu Shunteng.Research progress on ecological plant rehabilitation technology of indoor formaldehyde pollution[J].Journal of Shandong Jianzhu University,26(6):592-597,615.(in Chinese)
[18]李忠光,龚明.愈创木酚测定植物过氧化酶活性的改进[J].植物生理学通讯,2008,44(2):323-324.Li Zhongguang,Gong Ming.Improvement of the determination of guaiacol peroxidase activity in plants[J].Plant Physiology Communications,2008,44(2):323-324.(in Chinese)
[19]Kim KJ,Kil MJ,Song JS,et al.Efficiency of volatile formaldehyde removal by indoor plants:contribution of aerial plant parts versus the root zone[J].Journal of The American Society for Horticultural Science,2008,133:521-526.
[20]刘皓.几种园艺植物在甲醛胁迫条件下POD酶活性变化的研究[J].农产品加工,2015(5):15-18.Liu Hao.POD activity change of several gardening plants under formaldehyde stress[J].Farm Products Processing,2015(5):15-18.(in Chinese)
[21]魏红梅,李机密,马华章,等.芦荟植物SOD酶对甲醛气体胁迫的应答[J].安全与环境学报,2007,7(2):29-31.Wei Hongmei,Li Jimi,Ma Huazhang,et al.Response to SOD of Aloe vera var.chinensis(Haw)Berg by formaldehyde[J].Journal of Safety and Environmen,2007,7(2):29-31.(in Chinese)