阻抗管法测量水下吸声系数的系统误差分析
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摘要
利用阻抗管法测量吸声系数是水下吸声材料研制过程中的重要环节,实验测量结果相比理论计算结果更具说服力。然而在待测样品的制备和安装过程中容易引入的系统误差往往被忽略,从而影响实测结果可信度。为了降低系统误差,该文提出缝隙宽、垂直度和光洁度三种可能引入系统误差的因素,搭建传递函数法水下吸声系数测量的有限元模拟实验环境并验证仿真计算算法的正确性,研究相关参量对橡胶吸声系数的影响规律,并给出一定误差下对相关参量的限制要求。所得结果对降低测量误差、提升实测结果可信度具有一定参考价值。
Measuring the sound absorption coefficient by impedance tube method is an important step in the development of underwater sound absorption materials. The experimental results are more persuasive compared with the theoretical and simulation results. However, the system errors caused during the preparation and installation of the sample are often ignored, which will affect the reliability of the experimental results. In order to reduce system errors, three possible factors that may cause system errors are proposed in this paper,including slit width, verticality and surface finish. The finite element simulation experiment environment of underwater sound absorption coefficient measurement by transfer function method is established and its correctness is verified. The influences of the related parameters on the sound absorption coefficient of rubber are studied and then the limitations of the parameters under a certain error range are given. The achieved conclusions are of reference value for reducing the measurement error and improving reliability of experimental results.
Measuring the sound absorption coefficient by impedance tube method is an important step in the development of underwater sound absorption materials. The experimental results are more persuasive compared with the theoretical and simulation results. However, the system errors caused during the preparation and installation of the sample are often ignored, which will affect the reliability of the experimental results. In order to reduce system errors, three possible factors that may cause system errors are proposed in this paper,including slit width, verticality and surface finish. The finite element simulation experiment environment of underwater sound absorption coefficient measurement by transfer function method is established and its correctness is verified. The influences of the related parameters on the sound absorption coefficient of rubber are studied and then the limitations of the parameters under a certain error range are given. The achieved conclusions are of reference value for reducing the measurement error and improving reliability of experimental results.
引文
[1]何世平,汤渭霖,何琳.水下吸声覆盖层声管测试的背衬研究[J].应用声学,2007,26(2):83–88.He Shiping,Tang Weilin,He Lin.Effect of backing in the measurement of underwater anechoic coating with an acoustic cylindrical tube[J].Journal of Applied Acoustics,2007,26(2):83–88.
[2]武国启,姜洪源,闫辉,等.驻波管测试仪测量金属橡胶吸声性能误差分析[J].噪声与振动控制,2007,27(2):109–112.Wu Guoqi,Jiang Hongyuan,Yan Hui,et al.Error analysis of stand wave tube equipment on measuring metal rubber sound absorption performance[J].Noise and Vibration Control,2007,27(2):109–112.
[3]Chung J Y,Blaser D A.Transfer function method of measuring in-duct acoustic properties.I.Theory[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,1980,68(3):907–913.
[4]Chung J Y,Blaser D A.Transfer function method of measuring in-duct acoustic properties.II.Experiment[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,1980,68(3):914–921.
[5]吕世金,苗金林,张晓伟.水下材料声学性能宽频段测量方法[J].应用声学,2011,30(1):37–45.Lyu Shijin,Miao Jinlin,Zhang Xiaowei.A broad frequency band measurement method of acoustic performance for underwater material[J].Journal of Applied Acoustics,2011,30(1):37–45.
[6]孙亮,侯宏,董丽英,等.吸声系数管道脉冲法测量技术及其模型研究[J].噪声与振动控制,2008,28(5):173–177.Sun Liang,Hou Hong,Dong Liying,et al.Sound absorption measurement in a circular pipe using impulse method and its model research[J].Noise and Vibration Control,2008,28(5):173–177.
[7]于利刚,李朝晖,马黎黎.0-3型压电复合材料覆盖层水下吸声性能的理论研究[J].物理学报,2012,61(2):024301.Yu Ligang,Li Zhaohui,Ma Lili.Theoretical analysis of underwater sound absorption of 0-3 type piezoelectric composite coatings[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2012,61(2):024301.
[8]王荣津.水声材料手册[M].北京:科学出版社,1983.
[9]GB/T 14369–2011,声学水声材料样品插入损失、回声减低和吸声系数的测量方法[S].
[2]武国启,姜洪源,闫辉,等.驻波管测试仪测量金属橡胶吸声性能误差分析[J].噪声与振动控制,2007,27(2):109–112.Wu Guoqi,Jiang Hongyuan,Yan Hui,et al.Error analysis of stand wave tube equipment on measuring metal rubber sound absorption performance[J].Noise and Vibration Control,2007,27(2):109–112.
[3]Chung J Y,Blaser D A.Transfer function method of measuring in-duct acoustic properties.I.Theory[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,1980,68(3):907–913.
[4]Chung J Y,Blaser D A.Transfer function method of measuring in-duct acoustic properties.II.Experiment[J].Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,1980,68(3):914–921.
[5]吕世金,苗金林,张晓伟.水下材料声学性能宽频段测量方法[J].应用声学,2011,30(1):37–45.Lyu Shijin,Miao Jinlin,Zhang Xiaowei.A broad frequency band measurement method of acoustic performance for underwater material[J].Journal of Applied Acoustics,2011,30(1):37–45.
[6]孙亮,侯宏,董丽英,等.吸声系数管道脉冲法测量技术及其模型研究[J].噪声与振动控制,2008,28(5):173–177.Sun Liang,Hou Hong,Dong Liying,et al.Sound absorption measurement in a circular pipe using impulse method and its model research[J].Noise and Vibration Control,2008,28(5):173–177.
[7]于利刚,李朝晖,马黎黎.0-3型压电复合材料覆盖层水下吸声性能的理论研究[J].物理学报,2012,61(2):024301.Yu Ligang,Li Zhaohui,Ma Lili.Theoretical analysis of underwater sound absorption of 0-3 type piezoelectric composite coatings[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2012,61(2):024301.
[8]王荣津.水声材料手册[M].北京:科学出版社,1983.
[9]GB/T 14369–2011,声学水声材料样品插入损失、回声减低和吸声系数的测量方法[S].