电动汽车移动式无线充电技术工程化应用研究
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摘要
综合考虑道路条件和车辆工况适应性、能量转化高效性、运行可靠性等实用性指标,该文设计了一种"工"型导轨式电动汽车移动式无线充电系统,以提高电动汽车续航里程、缩短充电时间。通过仿真对耦合机构及其电磁屏蔽机构进行了设计、优化,分析了系统电能无线传输的稳定性和抗偏移能力;为提高其传输效率对耦合机构磁芯结构进行了优化。同时对其高频电能变换结构和道路施工进行了分析、设计。通过在河北省张北县建设百米级移动式无线充电试验路段,对系统功能、工作性能及电磁安全进行了测试评估。在额定功率20 kW、行驶速度40 km/h条件下,系统平均效率达到76%,验证了该文所设计结构在工程上的可行性。
A new I-type guideway for electric vehicle wireless power transfer system is designed to improve recharging mileage and shorten charging time, considering road conditions, adaptability of working conditions, high efficiency of energy conversion and reliability. The coupler and its electromagnetic shielding structure are designed and optimized with simulation, and the stability and anti-offset ability of power wireless transmission are analyzed. The ferrite structure of the coupler is optimized to improve its transmission efficiency. Besides, the structure of high frequency power conversion and road construction are analyzed and designed. A 100-meter dynamic wireless charging test road section in Zhangbei County is constructed to evaluate system function, performance and electromagnetic safety. At rated power 20 kW and driving speed 40 km/h, average efficiency of the system reaches 76%, verifying engineering feasibility of the structure designed in this paper.
A new I-type guideway for electric vehicle wireless power transfer system is designed to improve recharging mileage and shorten charging time, considering road conditions, adaptability of working conditions, high efficiency of energy conversion and reliability. The coupler and its electromagnetic shielding structure are designed and optimized with simulation, and the stability and anti-offset ability of power wireless transmission are analyzed. The ferrite structure of the coupler is optimized to improve its transmission efficiency. Besides, the structure of high frequency power conversion and road construction are analyzed and designed. A 100-meter dynamic wireless charging test road section in Zhangbei County is constructed to evaluate system function, performance and electromagnetic safety. At rated power 20 kW and driving speed 40 km/h, average efficiency of the system reaches 76%, verifying engineering feasibility of the structure designed in this paper.
引文
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[17]祝文姬,孙跃,高立克.电动汽车多导轨无线供电方法[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(18):97-101.Zhu Wenji,Sun Yue,Gao Like.Wireless power supply method for multirail-based electric vehicles[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(18):97-101(in Chinese).
[18]王松岑,何浩,柳宇航,等.移动式无线充电系统中的通信技术应用研究[J].电力信息与通信技术,2018,16(8):17-22.Wang Songcen,He Hao,Liu Yuhang,,et al.Research on application of communication technology in mobile wireless charging system for electric vehicle[J].Electric Power Information and Communication Technology,2018,16(8):17-22(in Chinese).
[19]ICNIRP,Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric and magnetic fields(1 Hz to 100 kHz)[J].Health Phys,2010,99(6):818-836.
[2]Liang Chen,Nagendra G R,Boys J T,et al.Double-coupled systems for IPT roadway applications[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2015,3(1):37-49.
[3]Choi S Y,Gu B W,Jeong S Y,et al.Advances in wireless power transfer systems for roadway-powered electric vehicles[J].IEEEJournal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2015,3(1):18-36.
[4]Chunting Chris Mi,Giuseppe Buja,Choi Su Y,et al.Modern advances in wireless power transfer systems for roadway powered electric vehicles[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2016,63(10):6533-6545.
[5]Choi S,Huh J,Lee W Y,et al.New cross-segmented power supply rails for roadway-powered electric vehicles[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2013,28(12):5832-5841.
[6]Miller J M,Jones P T,Li Jan-Mou,et al.ORNL experience and challenges facing dynamic wireless power charging of EV's[J].IEEECircuits and Systems Magazine,2015,15(2):40-53.
[7]Miller J M,Onar O C,Madhu Chinthavali,et al.Primary-side power flow control of wireless power transfer for electric vehicle charging[J].IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics,2015,3(1):147-162.
[8]Jae Hee Kim,Byung-Song Lee,Jeihoon Baek,et al.Development of 1MW inductive power transfer system for a high-speed train[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2015,62(10):6242-6250.
[9]Mickel Budhia,Boys J T,Covic G A,et al.Development of a single-sided flux magnetic coupler for electric vehicle IPT charging systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2013,60(1):318-328.
[10]宋凯,朱春波,李阳,等.用于电动汽车动态供电的多初级绕组并联无线电能传输技术[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(17):4445-4453.Song Kai,Zhu Chunbo,Li Yang,et al.Wireless power transfer technology for electric vehicle dynamic charging using multi-parallel primary coils[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(17):4445-4453(in Chinese).
[11]向利娟,孙跃,胡超,等.基于AHP和FCE的IPTS电磁机构性能评价[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(3):848-857.Xiang Lijuan,Sun Yue,Hu Chao,et al.Performance evaluation for magnetic couplers in IPTS using AHP and FCE[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(3):848-857(in Chinese).
[12]赵争鸣,张艺明,陈凯楠.磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输技术新进展[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(3):1-13.Zhao Zhengming,Zhang Yiming,Chen Kainan.New progress of magnetically-coupled resonant wireless power transfer technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(3):1-13(in Chinese).
[13]黄学良,谭林林,陈中,等.无线电能传输技术研究与应用综述[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(10):1-11.Hang Xueliang,Tan Linlin,Chen Zhong,et al.Review and research progress on wireless power transfer technology[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(10):1-11(in Chinese).
[14]Liao Chenglin,Li Junfeng,Wang Lifang,et al.Mid-range wireless charging system for electric vehicle[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(2):81-85.
[15]杨庆新,章鹏程,祝丽花,等.无线电能传输技术的关键基础与技术瓶颈问题[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(5):1-8.Yang Qingxin,Zhang Pengcheng,Zhu Lihua,et al.Key fundamental problems and technical bottlenecks of the wireless power transmission technology[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(5):1-8(in Chinese).
[16]蒋成,孙跃,王智慧,等.电动汽车无线供电导轨切换模式分析[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(12):188-193.Jiang Cheng,Sun Yue,Wang Zhihui,et al.Switching mode analysis of wireless supplying rail for electric vehicles[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(12):188-193(in Chinese).
[17]祝文姬,孙跃,高立克.电动汽车多导轨无线供电方法[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(18):97-101.Zhu Wenji,Sun Yue,Gao Like.Wireless power supply method for multirail-based electric vehicles[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(18):97-101(in Chinese).
[18]王松岑,何浩,柳宇航,等.移动式无线充电系统中的通信技术应用研究[J].电力信息与通信技术,2018,16(8):17-22.Wang Songcen,He Hao,Liu Yuhang,,et al.Research on application of communication technology in mobile wireless charging system for electric vehicle[J].Electric Power Information and Communication Technology,2018,16(8):17-22(in Chinese).
[19]ICNIRP,Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric and magnetic fields(1 Hz to 100 kHz)[J].Health Phys,2010,99(6):818-836.