广州市老年人健康相关控制感现状及影响因素研究
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摘要
目的调查老年人健康相关控制感水平并分析影响因素,为老年人健康促进提供依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法,抽取广州市某养老院及2个社区的504名老年人,应用老年人健康相关控制感问卷及一般人口学问卷进行调查。结果本研究老年人健康相关控制感平均得分为(93.70±17.69)分,处于中等偏上水平。单因素分析显示,性别、长期居住地、养老方式、婚姻状况、文化程度、月收入、收入来源对老年健康相关控制感水平间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);多重线性回归分析显示,高文化程度、选择机构养老、高收入、男性、离异或丧偶的老年人显示更高的健康相关控制感。结论社区护理人员应针对不同文化程度、养老方式、月收入、性别、婚姻状况、的老年人对健康服务的不同需求,采取多种措施促进健康相关控制感的发展。
Objective To investigate the level of perceived control in health care in the elderly and to analyze the related factors,in order to provide theoretical foundation for the health promotion of the elderly. Methods 504 seniors from a nursing home and two communities in Guangzhou were selected by cluster sampling and investigated with The Perceived Control In Health Care Questionnaire and General Information Questionnaire. Results In this study,the average score of the perceived control in health care of the elderly was 93. 70 ± 17. 69,with an overall upper-middle level. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences(P < 0. 05) in perceived control in health care among gender,permanent residence,pension way,marital status,educational level,monthly income and income sources in elderly. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the elderly with high level of education,living in institutions,high-income,male and divorced or widowed showed higher level of perceived control in health care. Conclusion The community nurses should focus on the health services for the elderly with different education level,pension way,monthly income,gender and marital status and take various measures to promote the development of perceived control in health care.
Objective To investigate the level of perceived control in health care in the elderly and to analyze the related factors,in order to provide theoretical foundation for the health promotion of the elderly. Methods 504 seniors from a nursing home and two communities in Guangzhou were selected by cluster sampling and investigated with The Perceived Control In Health Care Questionnaire and General Information Questionnaire. Results In this study,the average score of the perceived control in health care of the elderly was 93. 70 ± 17. 69,with an overall upper-middle level. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences(P < 0. 05) in perceived control in health care among gender,permanent residence,pension way,marital status,educational level,monthly income and income sources in elderly. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the elderly with high level of education,living in institutions,high-income,male and divorced or widowed showed higher level of perceived control in health care. Conclusion The community nurses should focus on the health services for the elderly with different education level,pension way,monthly income,gender and marital status and take various measures to promote the development of perceived control in health care.
引文
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[11]Drewelies J,Wagner J,Tesch-Roemer CA,et al.Perceived control across the second half of Life:the role of physical health and social integration[J].Psychology and Aging,2017,32(1):76-92.
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[13]Ross CE,Mirowsky J.Age and the gender gap in the sense of personal control[J].Social Psychology Quarterly,2002,65(2):125-145.
[14]张在红.老年人控制感、控制策略与心理健康的关系研究[D].南京:南京师范大学,2010.
[15]Infurna FJ,Gerstorf D.Perceived control relates to better functional health and lower Cardio-Metabolic risk:the mediating role of physical activity[J].Health Psychology,2014,33(1):85-94.
[16]吴彤,吴挺,吴江,等.控制感对老年人生活质量的意义[J].山东医药,2009,49(32):108-109.
[17]芦鸿雁,王莉.老年人日常健康行为与健康心理控制源、自我效能感[J].中国老年学杂志,2014(17):4997-4998.
[2]蒋怀滨,张斌,杨晓涵,等.老年人控制感、心理弹性与成功老化的关系[J].中国老年学杂志,2015(12):3397-3399.
[3]Robinson SA,Lachman ME.Perceived control and aging:a MiniReview and directions for future research[J].Gerontology,2017,63(5):435-442.
[4]Claassens L,Terwee CB,Deeg DH,et al.Development and validation of a questionnaire assessing the perceived control in health care among older adults with care needs in the Netherlands[J].Quality of Life Research,2016,25(4):859-870.
[5]Chipperfield JG,Greenslade L.Perceived control as a buffer in the use of health care services[J].Journals of Gerontology,1999,54(3):146-154.
[6]Claassens L,Widdershoven GA,Rhijn SV,et al.Perceived control in health care:A conceptual model based on experiences of frail older adults[J].Journal of Aging Studies,2014,31(31):159-170.
[7]Mirowsky J,Ross CE.Life course trajectories of perceived control and their relationship to education[J].American Journal of Sociology,2007,112(5):1339-1382.
[8]Wolinsky FD,Stump TE.Age and the sense of control among older adults[J].Journals of Gerontology,1996,51(4):S217-S220.
[9]张婷,李惠萍,王德斌.乳腺癌患者心理韧性及影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生,2015,31(3):263-267.
[10]陈美容,高红霞,吴善玉.养老机构老年人健商现况及影响因素分析[J].现代预防医学,2017,44(03):495-498.
[11]Drewelies J,Wagner J,Tesch-Roemer CA,et al.Perceived control across the second half of Life:the role of physical health and social integration[J].Psychology and Aging,2017,32(1):76-92.
[12]徐美君.老年人的双向社会支持与自我控制感的关系研究[D].南京:南京师范大学,2015.
[13]Ross CE,Mirowsky J.Age and the gender gap in the sense of personal control[J].Social Psychology Quarterly,2002,65(2):125-145.
[14]张在红.老年人控制感、控制策略与心理健康的关系研究[D].南京:南京师范大学,2010.
[15]Infurna FJ,Gerstorf D.Perceived control relates to better functional health and lower Cardio-Metabolic risk:the mediating role of physical activity[J].Health Psychology,2014,33(1):85-94.
[16]吴彤,吴挺,吴江,等.控制感对老年人生活质量的意义[J].山东医药,2009,49(32):108-109.
[17]芦鸿雁,王莉.老年人日常健康行为与健康心理控制源、自我效能感[J].中国老年学杂志,2014(17):4997-4998.