英国开放大学课程组开发模式研究
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摘要
英国开放大学的课程质量在整个远程教育界得到了高度的认可,甚至很多英国传统高校都将该校开发的课程材料作为指定参考教材。研究表明,英国开放大学的课程材料保持高质量水准的原因之一在于其课程的开发方式。为了揭示英国开放大学课程组工作模式的秘密,本研究采用质的研究范式,对与英国开放大学课程组密切相关的核心学术人员、学术辅助人员、辅导教师和责任教师四类角色的6位专业人员进行半开放问题的深度访谈,获得了50 718字的英文材料,研究者选用了Nvivo11.0作为数据处理工具,对访谈数据进行了开放编码、主轴编码和选择性编码。研究揭示了英国开放大学课程组核心成员的角色与职责,阐述了参与式课程开发和领导式课程开发的两种不同开发模式,对课程组在申请与创设阶段、开发阶段和生产与发表阶段的工作任务进行了梳理,探讨了课程组开发方式保证课程质量的原因,同时也对影响课程组成效的四个主要因素做了深入的分析。
The course team approach is a crucial factor for curriculum quality at the UK Open University. With semi-structured interviews of qualitative research methodology, this study explores the roles of course team members at the UK Open University, the main tasks of a course team, the reasons why the approach works and the factors which in?uence the effectiveness of the approach. The ? ndings show that the course team approach is one of the key factors for quality assurance of open and distance education.
The course team approach is a crucial factor for curriculum quality at the UK Open University. With semi-structured interviews of qualitative research methodology, this study explores the roles of course team members at the UK Open University, the main tasks of a course team, the reasons why the approach works and the factors which in?uence the effectiveness of the approach. The ? ndings show that the course team approach is one of the key factors for quality assurance of open and distance education.
引文
[1]白滨,陈丽,Stephen,J.S.(2014).英国开放大学质量保证关键要素研究[J].开放教育研究,(1):29-34.
[2]郝连科,王以宁,王永锋(2008).中英高等网络教育质量保证体系比较与启示[J].中国教育信息化,(1):6-8.
[3]刘永权(2012).远程国际汉语教育的课程设计与开发-英国开放大学“学汉语”课程所带来的启示[J].北京广播电视大学学报,(2):42-48.
[4]Miles,M.B.&Huberman,A.M.(2008)质性资料的分析:方法与实践[M].张芬芬译.重庆:重庆大学出版社.
[5]王跃(2002).中英远程教材编制的差异[J].中国远程教育,(6):34-37.
[6]Chung,H.J.(2001).The nature of the course team approach at the UK Open University[D].Borough of Milton Keynes:The Open University.
[7]Riley,J.(1983).The preparation of teaching in higher education:A study of the preparation of teaching materials at the Open University[D].Brighton:University of Sussex.
[8]The Open University(2011).Production Module Teams[EB/OL].(2011)[2018-06-22].http://intranet6.open.ac.uk/teaching/curriculum-management-guide/sites/intranet6.open.ac.uk.teaching.curriculum-management-guide/files/files/ecms/web-content/Production-module-teams.pdf.
[9]The Open University(2016).Module Team Chair Role[EB/OL].(2016)[2018-06-22].http://intranet6.open.ac.uk/teaching/curriculum-management-guide/sites/intranet6.open.ac.uk.teaching.curriculum-management-guide/files/files/ecms/a-z/m/module-presentation/Module-team-chair-role.pdf.
[10]The Open University(2018).The Curriculum Manager Role.(2018)[2018-06-23].http://intranet6.open.ac.uk/teaching/curriculum-management-guide/sites/intranet6.open.ac.uk.teaching.curriculum-management-guide/files/files/ecms/a-z/c/curriculum/Curriculum-Manager-role.pdf.
(1)为了尊重受访对象的个人隐私,本研究没有列出受访对象的真实姓名,而是在表中以化名表示。
(2)该数据来源于Riley Judith的学位论文,由于该论文1983年完成,距今年代较为久远,为了保证信息的可靠性,研究者就文中相关内容向英国开放大学Oliver Endean教授做了考证与核实,Oliver教授认为课程组的这些特征仍然适用于现在英国开放大学课程组的情况,没有变化。
[2]郝连科,王以宁,王永锋(2008).中英高等网络教育质量保证体系比较与启示[J].中国教育信息化,(1):6-8.
[3]刘永权(2012).远程国际汉语教育的课程设计与开发-英国开放大学“学汉语”课程所带来的启示[J].北京广播电视大学学报,(2):42-48.
[4]Miles,M.B.&Huberman,A.M.(2008)质性资料的分析:方法与实践[M].张芬芬译.重庆:重庆大学出版社.
[5]王跃(2002).中英远程教材编制的差异[J].中国远程教育,(6):34-37.
[6]Chung,H.J.(2001).The nature of the course team approach at the UK Open University[D].Borough of Milton Keynes:The Open University.
[7]Riley,J.(1983).The preparation of teaching in higher education:A study of the preparation of teaching materials at the Open University[D].Brighton:University of Sussex.
[8]The Open University(2011).Production Module Teams[EB/OL].(2011)[2018-06-22].http://intranet6.open.ac.uk/teaching/curriculum-management-guide/sites/intranet6.open.ac.uk.teaching.curriculum-management-guide/files/files/ecms/web-content/Production-module-teams.pdf.
[9]The Open University(2016).Module Team Chair Role[EB/OL].(2016)[2018-06-22].http://intranet6.open.ac.uk/teaching/curriculum-management-guide/sites/intranet6.open.ac.uk.teaching.curriculum-management-guide/files/files/ecms/a-z/m/module-presentation/Module-team-chair-role.pdf.
[10]The Open University(2018).The Curriculum Manager Role.(2018)[2018-06-23].http://intranet6.open.ac.uk/teaching/curriculum-management-guide/sites/intranet6.open.ac.uk.teaching.curriculum-management-guide/files/files/ecms/a-z/c/curriculum/Curriculum-Manager-role.pdf.
(1)为了尊重受访对象的个人隐私,本研究没有列出受访对象的真实姓名,而是在表中以化名表示。
(2)该数据来源于Riley Judith的学位论文,由于该论文1983年完成,距今年代较为久远,为了保证信息的可靠性,研究者就文中相关内容向英国开放大学Oliver Endean教授做了考证与核实,Oliver教授认为课程组的这些特征仍然适用于现在英国开放大学课程组的情况,没有变化。