6种外生菌根真菌对西南桦幼苗的接种效应
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摘要
【背景】西南桦是兼具内生、外生菌根的典型菌根营养型树种,菌根化育苗是其壮苗培育的有效措施。【目的】揭示外生菌根真菌对西南桦无性系幼苗生长和养分含量的影响,为其菌根化育苗筛选优良外生菌根真菌提供科学依据。【方法】以BY1、FB4、FB4+和A5等4个西南桦优良无性系为研究对象,选用土生空团菌(Cenococcumgeophilum)、松乳菇(Lactariusdeliciosus)、黄硬皮马勃(Scleroderma flavidum)、多根硬皮马勃(S. polyrhizum)、褐环乳牛肝菌(Suillus luteus)和红绒盖牛肝菌(Xerocomuschrysenteron)6个外生菌根真菌进行盆栽接种试验,分析接种处理间及无性系间苗高、地径、生物量以及养分含量差异。【结果】6个菌种均能与西南桦无性系幼苗形成外生菌根共生体,接种多根硬皮马勃与黄硬皮马勃显著促进了幼苗生长和养分吸收(P<0.05),说明其与幼苗的亲和力明显优于其它菌种。尽管菌根侵染率在4个无性系之间无显著差异(P≥0.05),但各菌种对FB4、BY1幼苗生长的促进作用显著强于其它2个无性系。【结论】多根硬皮马勃和黄硬皮马勃可作为西南桦菌根化育苗的优选菌种。
[Background] Betula alnoides is a typical mycorrhizal nutritional tree species with both arbuscular mycorrhizae and ectomycorrhizae, and mycorrhizal inoculation is an effective measure to grow its robust seedlings. [Objective] The objectives of this study are to reveal the effects of ectomycorrhizal fungi(ECMF) inoculation on seedling growth performance and nutrient contents of B. alnoides clones, and to screen suitable ectomycorrhizal fungi species as well as to provide scientific evidence for growing mycorrhizal seedlings of these species. [Methods] Seedling height, root collar diameter, biomass and nutrient contents of four B. alnoides clones, BY1, FB4, FB4+ and A5, were studied under inoculations of six ECMF including Cenococcum geophilum, Lactarius deliciosus, Scleroderma flavidum, Scleroderma polyrhizum, Suillus luteus and Xerocomus chrysenteron through a pot cultivation trial, and their differences were analyzed among different ECMF and clones. [Results] Seedling roots of four B. alnoides clonescould be colonized by all six ECMF, in particular, S. polyrhizum and S. flavidum could remarkably promote growth and nutrient absorption of B. alnoides seedling after inoculation(P<0.05), inferring that these two ECMF demonstrated stronger affinity for clonal seedlings than other ECMF. There were not significant differences in mycorrhizal colonization rate among four clones, whereas the positive effects of ECMF on seedling growth of FB4 and BY1 were remarkably better than those of the other two clones. [Conclusion] It is recommended that S. polyrhizum and S. flavidum be applied in growing mycorrhizal seedling of B. alnoides.
[Background] Betula alnoides is a typical mycorrhizal nutritional tree species with both arbuscular mycorrhizae and ectomycorrhizae, and mycorrhizal inoculation is an effective measure to grow its robust seedlings. [Objective] The objectives of this study are to reveal the effects of ectomycorrhizal fungi(ECMF) inoculation on seedling growth performance and nutrient contents of B. alnoides clones, and to screen suitable ectomycorrhizal fungi species as well as to provide scientific evidence for growing mycorrhizal seedlings of these species. [Methods] Seedling height, root collar diameter, biomass and nutrient contents of four B. alnoides clones, BY1, FB4, FB4+ and A5, were studied under inoculations of six ECMF including Cenococcum geophilum, Lactarius deliciosus, Scleroderma flavidum, Scleroderma polyrhizum, Suillus luteus and Xerocomus chrysenteron through a pot cultivation trial, and their differences were analyzed among different ECMF and clones. [Results] Seedling roots of four B. alnoides clonescould be colonized by all six ECMF, in particular, S. polyrhizum and S. flavidum could remarkably promote growth and nutrient absorption of B. alnoides seedling after inoculation(P<0.05), inferring that these two ECMF demonstrated stronger affinity for clonal seedlings than other ECMF. There were not significant differences in mycorrhizal colonization rate among four clones, whereas the positive effects of ECMF on seedling growth of FB4 and BY1 were remarkably better than those of the other two clones. [Conclusion] It is recommended that S. polyrhizum and S. flavidum be applied in growing mycorrhizal seedling of B. alnoides.
引文
[1]Bojarczuk K,Kieliszewska-Rokicka B.Effect of ectomycorrhiza on Cu and Pb accumulation in leaves and roots of silver birch(Betula pendula Roth.)seedlings grown in metal-contaminated soil[J].Water,Air,and Soil Pollution,2010,207(1/4):227-240
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[5]Wang Y,Ding GJ.Effects of ectomycorrhizal on growth,physiological characteristics and nutrition in Pinus massoniana seedlings[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Science Edition),2013,37(2):97-102(in Chinese)王艺,丁贵杰.外生菌根对马尾松幼苗生长、生理特征和养分的影响[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2013,37(2):97-102
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[8]Sousa NR,Franco AR,Ramos MA,et al.Reforestation of burned stands:the effect of ectomycorrhizal fungi on Pinus pinaster establishment[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2011,43(10):2115-2120
[9]Garcia K,Deltei A,Conéjéro G,et al.Potassium nutrition of ectomycorrhizal Pinus pinaster:overexpression of the Hebeloma cylindrosporum Hc Trk1 transporter affects the translocation of both K+and phosphorus in the host plant[J].New Phytologist,2014,201(3):951-960
[10]Chen YL,Gong MQ,Chen Y,et al.Effects of inoculation with11 ectomycorrhizal fungal isolates on growth and photosynthesis of Castanopsis hystrixs saplings[J].Forest Research,2001,14(5):515-522(in Chinese)陈应龙,弓明钦,陈羽,等.外生菌根菌接种对红椎生长及光合作用的影响[J].林业科学研究,2001,14(5):515-522
[11]Zhang Y,Zhong CL,Chen Y,et al.The advance of Casuarina symbiotic microbe research[J].Guangdong Forestry Science and Technology,2006,22(1):70-75(in Chinese)张勇,仲崇禄,陈羽,等.木麻黄共生菌的研究进展[J].广东林业科技,2006,22(1):70-75
[12]Yuan L,Huang JG,Li XL,et al.Biomobilization of potassium from clay minerals by ectomycorrhizal fungi and eucalypt seedling roots[J].Plant and Soil,2004,262(1/2):351-361
[13]Song W,Wu XQ,Ye JR.Screening elite ectomycorrhizal fungi for populars in Jiangsu[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Science Edition),2009,33(2):81-84(in Chinese)宋微,吴小芹,叶建仁.江苏几种杨树优良外生菌根真菌的筛选[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2009,33(2):81-84
[14]Chen N,Wang YS,Li XL,et al.Effects of nutrient solution strength on development of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi[J].Mycosystema,2003,22(3):394-401(in Chinese)陈宁,王幼珊,李晓林,等.营养液强度对AM真菌生长发育的影响[J].菌物系统,2003,22(3):394-401
[15]Gong MQ,Chen YL,Zhong CL.Mycorrhizal Research and Application[M].Beijing:China Forestry Press,1997:110(in Chinese)弓明钦,陈应龙,仲崇禄.菌根研究及应用[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1997:110
[16]Chen Y,Jiang QB,Zhong CL,et al.Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on seedling growth of Chukrasia tabularis[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2011,47(5):76-81(in Chinese)陈羽,姜清彬,仲崇禄,等.接种AM菌对麻楝不同种源苗期的生长效应[J].林业科学,2011,47(5):76-81
[17]Sheng PP,Liu RJ,Li M.Methodological comparison of observation and colonization measurement of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi[J].Mycosystema,2011,30(4):519-525(in Chinese)盛萍萍,刘润进,李敏.丛枝菌根观察与侵染率测定方法的比较[J].菌物学报,2011,30(4):519-525
[18]Zhang XL,Zhang H,Zhang X,et al.Study on the effects of ectomycorrhizal preparation on seedling growth of Pinus bungeana[J].Forest Research,2005,18(2):133-136(in Chinese)张小龙,张洪,张香,等.外生菌根菌剂对白皮松幼苗生长效应的研究[J].林业科学研究,2005,18(2):133-136
[19]Zhang RQ,Tang M,Zhang HH.Effects of four ectomycorrhizal species on controlling damping off and promoting the growth of Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings[J].Mycosystema,2011,30(5):812-816(in Chinese)张茹琴,唐明,张海涵.四种外生菌根真菌对油松幼苗的抗猝倒病和促生作用[J].菌物学报,2011,30(5):812-816
[20]Zhou ZZ,Chen Y,Liang KN,et al.Screening study of mycorrhizal efficiently symbiosis of edible Russula fungus with host tree species[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology,2011,31(2):7-14(in Chinese)周再知,陈羽,梁坤南,等.乡土用材树种与红菇菌根菌高效共生体的筛选研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2011,31(2):7-14
[21]Jiang QB,Zhong CL,Chen Y,et al.Study on inoculating Russula fungi with Pinus massoniana seedling[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry and Technology,2016,36(8):6-9,38(in Chinese)姜清彬,仲崇禄,陈羽,等.红菇菌根食用菌接种马尾松苗期的共生效应研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(8):6-9,38
[22]Tagu D,Bastien C,Faivre-Rampant P,et al.Genetic analysis of phenotypic variation for ectomycorrhiza formation in an interspecific F1 poplar full-sib family[J].Mycorrhiza,2005,15(2):87-91
[23]Hawkins BJ,Jones MD,Kranabetter JM.Ectomycorrhizal and tree seedling nitrogen nutrition in forest restoration[J].New Forests,2015,46(5/6):747-771
[24]Kubish P,Hertel D,Leuschner C.Do ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal temperate tree species systematically differ in root order-related fine root morphology and biomass?[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2015,6:64
[25]Tapwal A,Kumar R,Borah D.Response of mycorrhizal inoculations on Dipterocarpus retusus seedlings in nursery[J].Current Life Sciences,2016,2(1):1-8
[26]Liu RJ,Chen YL.Mycorrhizology[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007(in Chinese)刘润进,陈应龙.菌根学[M].北京:科学出版社,2007
[27]Jargeat P,Rekangalt D,Verner MC,et al.Characterisation and expression analysis of a nitrate transporter and nitrite reductase genes,two members of a gene cluster for nitrate assimilation from the symbiotic basidiomycete Hebeloma cylindrosporum[J].Current Genetics,2003,43(3):199-205
[28]Cao QQ,Feng YQ,Liu YF,et al.Advance of plant phosphorus uptake improved by mycorrhiza fungi[J].Chinese Bulletin of Life Science,2011,23(4):407-413(in Chinese)曹庆芹,冯永庆,刘玉芬,等.菌根真菌促进植物磷吸收研究进展[J].生命科学,2011,23(4):407-413
[29]Yang HJ,Li Y,Huang JG.Effect of phosphorus supply and signal inhibitors on oxalate efflux in ectomycorrhizal fungi[J].Acta Microbiologica Sinica,2015,55(6):788-794(in Chinese)杨红军,李勇,黄建国.磷与信号抑制剂对外生菌根真菌分泌草酸的调控作用[J].微生物学报,2015,55(6):788-794
[30]Smith SE,Smith FA,Jakobsen I.Mycorrhizal fungi can dominate phosphate supply to plants irrespective of growth responses[J].Plant Physiology,2003,133(1):16-20
[2]Turjaman M,Santoso E,Susanto A,et al.Ectomycorrhizal fungi promote growth of Shorea balangeran in degraded peat swamp forests[J].Wetlands Ecology and Management,2011,19(4):331-339
[3]Van Hees PAW,Rosling A,Essén S,et al.Oxalate and ferricrocin exudation by the extramatrical mycelium of an ectomycorrhizal fungus in symbiosis with Pinus sylvestris[J].New Phytologist,2006,169(2):367-378
[4]Alvarez M,Huygens D,Fernandez C,et al.Effect of ectomycorrhizal colonization and drought on reactive oxygen species metabolism of Nothofagus dombeyi roots[J].Tree Physiology,2009,29(8):1047-1057
[5]Wang Y,Ding GJ.Effects of ectomycorrhizal on growth,physiological characteristics and nutrition in Pinus massoniana seedlings[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Science Edition),2013,37(2):97-102(in Chinese)王艺,丁贵杰.外生菌根对马尾松幼苗生长、生理特征和养分的影响[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2013,37(2):97-102
[6]Zeng J,Guo WF,Zhao ZG,et al.Domestication of Betula alnoides in China:current status and perspectives[J].Forest Research,2006,19(3):379-384(in Chinese)曾杰,郭文福,赵志刚,等.我国西南桦研究的回顾与展望[J].林业科学研究,2006,19(3):379-384
[7]Gong MQ,Huang FZ,Chen Y,et al.Mycorrhizal dependency and inoculant effects on the growth of Betula alnoides seedlings[J].Forest Research,2000,13(1):8-14(in Chinese)弓明钦,王凤珍,陈羽,等.西南桦对菌根的依赖性及其接种效应研究[J].林业科学研究,2000,13(1):8-14
[8]Sousa NR,Franco AR,Ramos MA,et al.Reforestation of burned stands:the effect of ectomycorrhizal fungi on Pinus pinaster establishment[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2011,43(10):2115-2120
[9]Garcia K,Deltei A,Conéjéro G,et al.Potassium nutrition of ectomycorrhizal Pinus pinaster:overexpression of the Hebeloma cylindrosporum Hc Trk1 transporter affects the translocation of both K+and phosphorus in the host plant[J].New Phytologist,2014,201(3):951-960
[10]Chen YL,Gong MQ,Chen Y,et al.Effects of inoculation with11 ectomycorrhizal fungal isolates on growth and photosynthesis of Castanopsis hystrixs saplings[J].Forest Research,2001,14(5):515-522(in Chinese)陈应龙,弓明钦,陈羽,等.外生菌根菌接种对红椎生长及光合作用的影响[J].林业科学研究,2001,14(5):515-522
[11]Zhang Y,Zhong CL,Chen Y,et al.The advance of Casuarina symbiotic microbe research[J].Guangdong Forestry Science and Technology,2006,22(1):70-75(in Chinese)张勇,仲崇禄,陈羽,等.木麻黄共生菌的研究进展[J].广东林业科技,2006,22(1):70-75
[12]Yuan L,Huang JG,Li XL,et al.Biomobilization of potassium from clay minerals by ectomycorrhizal fungi and eucalypt seedling roots[J].Plant and Soil,2004,262(1/2):351-361
[13]Song W,Wu XQ,Ye JR.Screening elite ectomycorrhizal fungi for populars in Jiangsu[J].Journal of Nanjing Forestry University(Natural Science Edition),2009,33(2):81-84(in Chinese)宋微,吴小芹,叶建仁.江苏几种杨树优良外生菌根真菌的筛选[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2009,33(2):81-84
[14]Chen N,Wang YS,Li XL,et al.Effects of nutrient solution strength on development of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi[J].Mycosystema,2003,22(3):394-401(in Chinese)陈宁,王幼珊,李晓林,等.营养液强度对AM真菌生长发育的影响[J].菌物系统,2003,22(3):394-401
[15]Gong MQ,Chen YL,Zhong CL.Mycorrhizal Research and Application[M].Beijing:China Forestry Press,1997:110(in Chinese)弓明钦,陈应龙,仲崇禄.菌根研究及应用[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1997:110
[16]Chen Y,Jiang QB,Zhong CL,et al.Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on seedling growth of Chukrasia tabularis[J].Scientia Silvae Sinicae,2011,47(5):76-81(in Chinese)陈羽,姜清彬,仲崇禄,等.接种AM菌对麻楝不同种源苗期的生长效应[J].林业科学,2011,47(5):76-81
[17]Sheng PP,Liu RJ,Li M.Methodological comparison of observation and colonization measurement of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi[J].Mycosystema,2011,30(4):519-525(in Chinese)盛萍萍,刘润进,李敏.丛枝菌根观察与侵染率测定方法的比较[J].菌物学报,2011,30(4):519-525
[18]Zhang XL,Zhang H,Zhang X,et al.Study on the effects of ectomycorrhizal preparation on seedling growth of Pinus bungeana[J].Forest Research,2005,18(2):133-136(in Chinese)张小龙,张洪,张香,等.外生菌根菌剂对白皮松幼苗生长效应的研究[J].林业科学研究,2005,18(2):133-136
[19]Zhang RQ,Tang M,Zhang HH.Effects of four ectomycorrhizal species on controlling damping off and promoting the growth of Pinus tabulaeformis seedlings[J].Mycosystema,2011,30(5):812-816(in Chinese)张茹琴,唐明,张海涵.四种外生菌根真菌对油松幼苗的抗猝倒病和促生作用[J].菌物学报,2011,30(5):812-816
[20]Zhou ZZ,Chen Y,Liang KN,et al.Screening study of mycorrhizal efficiently symbiosis of edible Russula fungus with host tree species[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology,2011,31(2):7-14(in Chinese)周再知,陈羽,梁坤南,等.乡土用材树种与红菇菌根菌高效共生体的筛选研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2011,31(2):7-14
[21]Jiang QB,Zhong CL,Chen Y,et al.Study on inoculating Russula fungi with Pinus massoniana seedling[J].Journal of Central South University of Forestry and Technology,2016,36(8):6-9,38(in Chinese)姜清彬,仲崇禄,陈羽,等.红菇菌根食用菌接种马尾松苗期的共生效应研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(8):6-9,38
[22]Tagu D,Bastien C,Faivre-Rampant P,et al.Genetic analysis of phenotypic variation for ectomycorrhiza formation in an interspecific F1 poplar full-sib family[J].Mycorrhiza,2005,15(2):87-91
[23]Hawkins BJ,Jones MD,Kranabetter JM.Ectomycorrhizal and tree seedling nitrogen nutrition in forest restoration[J].New Forests,2015,46(5/6):747-771
[24]Kubish P,Hertel D,Leuschner C.Do ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal temperate tree species systematically differ in root order-related fine root morphology and biomass?[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,2015,6:64
[25]Tapwal A,Kumar R,Borah D.Response of mycorrhizal inoculations on Dipterocarpus retusus seedlings in nursery[J].Current Life Sciences,2016,2(1):1-8
[26]Liu RJ,Chen YL.Mycorrhizology[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007(in Chinese)刘润进,陈应龙.菌根学[M].北京:科学出版社,2007
[27]Jargeat P,Rekangalt D,Verner MC,et al.Characterisation and expression analysis of a nitrate transporter and nitrite reductase genes,two members of a gene cluster for nitrate assimilation from the symbiotic basidiomycete Hebeloma cylindrosporum[J].Current Genetics,2003,43(3):199-205
[28]Cao QQ,Feng YQ,Liu YF,et al.Advance of plant phosphorus uptake improved by mycorrhiza fungi[J].Chinese Bulletin of Life Science,2011,23(4):407-413(in Chinese)曹庆芹,冯永庆,刘玉芬,等.菌根真菌促进植物磷吸收研究进展[J].生命科学,2011,23(4):407-413
[29]Yang HJ,Li Y,Huang JG.Effect of phosphorus supply and signal inhibitors on oxalate efflux in ectomycorrhizal fungi[J].Acta Microbiologica Sinica,2015,55(6):788-794(in Chinese)杨红军,李勇,黄建国.磷与信号抑制剂对外生菌根真菌分泌草酸的调控作用[J].微生物学报,2015,55(6):788-794
[30]Smith SE,Smith FA,Jakobsen I.Mycorrhizal fungi can dominate phosphate supply to plants irrespective of growth responses[J].Plant Physiology,2003,133(1):16-20