马拉硫磷水生生物基准推导研究
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摘要
通过开展毒性试验和查阅国内外相关文献,获取马拉硫磷对长江三角洲流域22个代表性物种毒性数据,采用物种敏感度分布法和毒性百分数排序法推导长江三角洲流域马拉硫磷水生生物基准值。结果显示,采用物种敏感度分布法得出的急性基准值和慢性基准值分别为0.865 5和0.036 2μg·L~(-1),采用毒性百分数排序法得出的急性基准值和慢性基准值分别为0.400 0和0.033 4μg·L~(-1)。为充分保护水生生物,建议以毒性百分数排序法推导出的基准值作为长江三角洲流域马拉硫磷水生生物基准推荐值。研究结果可为我国地表水环境质量标准修订及水生生态风险评估提供科学依据。
The toxicity data of 22 representative aquatic organisms were collected from the laboratory toxicity tests,authoritative toxicity databases and published in literature following principles of accuracy,relevance and reliability. The aquatic life criteria( ALC) for malathion in the Yangtze River Delta Region were derived by Species Sensitivity Distributions( SSDs) and Toxicity Percentile Rank( TPR) respectively. The results show that the acute and chronic ALCs of malathion derived by SSD were 0. 865 5 and 0. 036 2 μg·L~(-1),respectively; the acute and chronic ALCs of malathion derived by TPR were 0. 400 0 and 0. 033 4 μg·L~(-1),respectively. The final criteria derived by TPR were recommended as ALCs for malathion to protect aquatic organisms in the Yangtze River Delta Region. In addition,the recommended ALCs for malathion were compared with criteria abroad and existing Chinese water quality standards( WQS). The present research could provide scientific reference for WQS revision and aquatic risk assessment in China.
The toxicity data of 22 representative aquatic organisms were collected from the laboratory toxicity tests,authoritative toxicity databases and published in literature following principles of accuracy,relevance and reliability. The aquatic life criteria( ALC) for malathion in the Yangtze River Delta Region were derived by Species Sensitivity Distributions( SSDs) and Toxicity Percentile Rank( TPR) respectively. The results show that the acute and chronic ALCs of malathion derived by SSD were 0. 865 5 and 0. 036 2 μg·L~(-1),respectively; the acute and chronic ALCs of malathion derived by TPR were 0. 400 0 and 0. 033 4 μg·L~(-1),respectively. The final criteria derived by TPR were recommended as ALCs for malathion to protect aquatic organisms in the Yangtze River Delta Region. In addition,the recommended ALCs for malathion were compared with criteria abroad and existing Chinese water quality standards( WQS). The present research could provide scientific reference for WQS revision and aquatic risk assessment in China.
引文
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[6]卜元卿,单正军,孔德洋,等.东苕溪流域地表水农业化学品污染状况及生态风险评价[R].中国毒理学会环境与生态毒理学专业委员会第二届学术研讨会暨中国环境科学学会环境标准与基准专业委员会2011年学术研讨会会议论文集,2011.
[7]朱丽芳,周文军,王经委.杭嘉湖地区饮用水源有机农药污染现状调查分析[J].浙江水利水电专科学校学报,2012,24(2):51-54.[ZHU Li-fang,ZHOU Wen-jun,WANG Jing-wei.Pollution Situation of Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds in Drinking Water Source of Hangjiahu Area[J].Journal of Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power,2012,24(2):51-54.]
[8]周军英,葛峰.农药水生生物基准制定方法与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2014.
[9]郭海娟,龚雪,马放.我国水质基准现状及发展趋势研究[J].环境保护科学,2017,43(4):32-35.[GUO Hai-juan,GONG Xue,MA Fang.Study of the Status and Development of Water Quality Criteria in China[J].Environmental Protection Science,2017,43(4):32-35.]
[10]GB 3838-2002,地表水环境质量标准[S].[GB 3838-2002,Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water[S].]
[11]刘征涛.水环境质量基准方法与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2012:4.
[12]吴声敢,陈丽萍,吴长兴,等.4种杀虫剂对水生生物的急性毒性与安全评价[J].浙江农业学报,2011,23(1):101-106.[WUSheng-gan,CHEN Li-ping,WU Chang-xing,et al.Acute Toxicity and Safety of Four Insecticides to Aquatic Organisms[J].Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis,2011,23(1):101-106.]
[13]YU S Y,WAGES M R,CAI Q S,et al.Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Three Insecticides on Two Developmental Stages of Xenopus laevis and Comparison With Other Amphibians[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,2013,32(9):2056-2064.
[14]柴丽红,王宏元,赵洪峰,等.4种农药对中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪和中国林蛙蝌蚪的急性毒性[J].安全与环境学报,2016,16(6):377-382.[CHAI Li-hong,WANG Hong-yuan,ZHAO Hong-feng,et al.Acute Toxicity of Four Kinds of Pesticides to the Larvae of Bufo Gargarizans and Rana Chensinensis[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2016,16(6):377-382.]
[15]USEPA.Ecotox Konwledgebase[DB/OL].[2017-10-30].http:∥cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/.
[16]朱岩,曹莹,张亚辉,等.有机磷农药对锯齿新米虾的毒性及敏感性分析[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(2):745-753.[ZHUYan,CAO Ying,ZHANG Ya-hui,et al.Toxicity of Organophosphorus Pesticides to Neocaridina denticulate and Species Sensitivity Analysis[J].China Environmental Science,2017,37(2):745-753.]
[17]JIMENEZ A,CANO E,OCETE M E.Mortality and Survival of Procambarus clarkii Girard,1852 Upon Exposure to Different Insecticide Products[J].Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2003,70(1):131-137.
[18]胡正宏,李玉成,郝家胜.微囊藻毒素-LR对大乳头水螅的急性毒性研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(29):17937-17938,17941.[HU Zheng-hong,LI Yu-cheng,HAO Jia-sheng.Study on the Acute Toxicity of Microcystin-LR on Hydra magnipapillata[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2011,39(29):17937-17938,17941.]
[19]GB/T 31270.13-2014,化学农药环境安全评价试验准则:第13部分:溞类急性活动抑制试验[S].[GB/T 31270.13-2014,Test Guidelines on Environmental Safety Assessment for Chemical Pesticides:Part 13:Daphnia sp.Acute Immobilisation Test[S].]
[20]GB/T 31270.12-2014,化学农药环境安全评价试验准则:第12部分:鱼类急性毒性试验[S].北京:国家质量监督及检验检疫总局,2014.[GB/T 31270.12-2014,Test Guidelines on Environmental Safety Assessment for Chemical Pesticides:Part 12:Fish Acute Toxicity Test[S].Beijing:General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China,2014.]
[21]GB/T 31270.18-2014,化学农药环境安全评价试验准则:第18部分:天敌两栖类急性毒性试验[S].[GB/T 31270.18-2014,Test Guidelines on Environmental Safety Assessment for Chemical Pesticides:Part 18:Amphibian Acute Toxicity Test[S].]
[22]GB/T 31270.14-2014,化学农药环境安全评价试验准则:第14部分:藻类生长抑制试验[S].[GB/T 31270.14-2014,Test Guidelines on Environmental Safety Assessment for Chemical Pesticides:Part 14:Alga Growth Inhibition Test[S].]
[23]环境保护部化学品登记中心.化学品测试方法生物系统效应卷[M].北京:中国环境出版社,2013.[Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China Chemical Registration Center.The Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals:Effects on Biotic Systems[M].Beijing:China Environmental Press,2013.]
[24]吴丰昌.水质基准理论与方法学及其案例研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2012:87.
[25]USEPA.Guidelines for Deriving Numerical National Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses[R].Washington DC,USA:USEPA,1985.
[2]卜元卿,孔源,智勇,等.化学农药对环境的污染及其防控对策建议[J].中国农业科学导报,2014,16(2):19-25.[BU Yuanqing,KONG Yuan,ZHI Yong,et al.Pollution of Chemical Pesticides on Environment and Suggestion for Prevention and Control Countermeasures[J].Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology,2014,16(2):19-25.]
[3]梁霞.长江三角洲流域溴氰菊酯和莠去津水生生物基准研究[D].南京:南京师范大学,2015.[LIANG Xia.The Aquatic Organism Criteria for Deltamethrin and Atrazine in the Yangtze River Delta Region[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Normal University,2015.]
[4]GAO J J,LIU L H,LIU X R,et al.The Occurrence and Spatial Distribution of Organophosphorous Pesticides in Chinese Surface Water[J].Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2009,82(2):223-229.
[5]农业部农药鉴定所.中国农药信息网农药登记数据[EB/OL].[2017-10-11].http:∥www.chinapesticide.gov.cn/hysj/index.jhtml.[Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals.Pesticide Registration Data From Chinese Pesticide Information Network[EB/OL].[2017-10-11].http:∥www.chinapesiticide.gov.cn/hysj/index.jhtml.]
[6]卜元卿,单正军,孔德洋,等.东苕溪流域地表水农业化学品污染状况及生态风险评价[R].中国毒理学会环境与生态毒理学专业委员会第二届学术研讨会暨中国环境科学学会环境标准与基准专业委员会2011年学术研讨会会议论文集,2011.
[7]朱丽芳,周文军,王经委.杭嘉湖地区饮用水源有机农药污染现状调查分析[J].浙江水利水电专科学校学报,2012,24(2):51-54.[ZHU Li-fang,ZHOU Wen-jun,WANG Jing-wei.Pollution Situation of Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds in Drinking Water Source of Hangjiahu Area[J].Journal of Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power,2012,24(2):51-54.]
[8]周军英,葛峰.农药水生生物基准制定方法与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2014.
[9]郭海娟,龚雪,马放.我国水质基准现状及发展趋势研究[J].环境保护科学,2017,43(4):32-35.[GUO Hai-juan,GONG Xue,MA Fang.Study of the Status and Development of Water Quality Criteria in China[J].Environmental Protection Science,2017,43(4):32-35.]
[10]GB 3838-2002,地表水环境质量标准[S].[GB 3838-2002,Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water[S].]
[11]刘征涛.水环境质量基准方法与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2012:4.
[12]吴声敢,陈丽萍,吴长兴,等.4种杀虫剂对水生生物的急性毒性与安全评价[J].浙江农业学报,2011,23(1):101-106.[WUSheng-gan,CHEN Li-ping,WU Chang-xing,et al.Acute Toxicity and Safety of Four Insecticides to Aquatic Organisms[J].Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis,2011,23(1):101-106.]
[13]YU S Y,WAGES M R,CAI Q S,et al.Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Three Insecticides on Two Developmental Stages of Xenopus laevis and Comparison With Other Amphibians[J].Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,2013,32(9):2056-2064.
[14]柴丽红,王宏元,赵洪峰,等.4种农药对中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪和中国林蛙蝌蚪的急性毒性[J].安全与环境学报,2016,16(6):377-382.[CHAI Li-hong,WANG Hong-yuan,ZHAO Hong-feng,et al.Acute Toxicity of Four Kinds of Pesticides to the Larvae of Bufo Gargarizans and Rana Chensinensis[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2016,16(6):377-382.]
[15]USEPA.Ecotox Konwledgebase[DB/OL].[2017-10-30].http:∥cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/.
[16]朱岩,曹莹,张亚辉,等.有机磷农药对锯齿新米虾的毒性及敏感性分析[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(2):745-753.[ZHUYan,CAO Ying,ZHANG Ya-hui,et al.Toxicity of Organophosphorus Pesticides to Neocaridina denticulate and Species Sensitivity Analysis[J].China Environmental Science,2017,37(2):745-753.]
[17]JIMENEZ A,CANO E,OCETE M E.Mortality and Survival of Procambarus clarkii Girard,1852 Upon Exposure to Different Insecticide Products[J].Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2003,70(1):131-137.
[18]胡正宏,李玉成,郝家胜.微囊藻毒素-LR对大乳头水螅的急性毒性研究[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(29):17937-17938,17941.[HU Zheng-hong,LI Yu-cheng,HAO Jia-sheng.Study on the Acute Toxicity of Microcystin-LR on Hydra magnipapillata[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2011,39(29):17937-17938,17941.]
[19]GB/T 31270.13-2014,化学农药环境安全评价试验准则:第13部分:溞类急性活动抑制试验[S].[GB/T 31270.13-2014,Test Guidelines on Environmental Safety Assessment for Chemical Pesticides:Part 13:Daphnia sp.Acute Immobilisation Test[S].]
[20]GB/T 31270.12-2014,化学农药环境安全评价试验准则:第12部分:鱼类急性毒性试验[S].北京:国家质量监督及检验检疫总局,2014.[GB/T 31270.12-2014,Test Guidelines on Environmental Safety Assessment for Chemical Pesticides:Part 12:Fish Acute Toxicity Test[S].Beijing:General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China,2014.]
[21]GB/T 31270.18-2014,化学农药环境安全评价试验准则:第18部分:天敌两栖类急性毒性试验[S].[GB/T 31270.18-2014,Test Guidelines on Environmental Safety Assessment for Chemical Pesticides:Part 18:Amphibian Acute Toxicity Test[S].]
[22]GB/T 31270.14-2014,化学农药环境安全评价试验准则:第14部分:藻类生长抑制试验[S].[GB/T 31270.14-2014,Test Guidelines on Environmental Safety Assessment for Chemical Pesticides:Part 14:Alga Growth Inhibition Test[S].]
[23]环境保护部化学品登记中心.化学品测试方法生物系统效应卷[M].北京:中国环境出版社,2013.[Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China Chemical Registration Center.The Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals:Effects on Biotic Systems[M].Beijing:China Environmental Press,2013.]
[24]吴丰昌.水质基准理论与方法学及其案例研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2012:87.
[25]USEPA.Guidelines for Deriving Numerical National Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Aquatic Organisms and Their Uses[R].Washington DC,USA:USEPA,1985.