地中海贫血筛查及教育模式在基层医院的探讨
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摘要
目的探讨地中海贫血筛查及教育模式在基层医院的应用及临床效果。方法对2017年1月至2017年12月我院8563名育龄人群进行了地中海贫血筛查,并实施相应的健康教育模式,设置为观察组,与2016年1月至2016年12月未进行地中海贫血筛查的8496名育龄人群进行对比,设置为对照组。主要观察两时间段中重症地贫患儿的出生率及对地贫知识的知晓率。结果观察组8560名受检者中,1023名筛查出MCV<80f,占总人数11.95%,989名筛查出红细胞脆性<60%,占总人数11.55%,最后进行血红蛋白电泳检查发现,地贫患者共1005名(其中α地贫患者627名,β地贫患者378名),发生率为11.74%;89对夫妇同时患α地贫,35对夫妇患β地贫,高危夫妇共124对,其中120对接受产前诊断,最终检出25名重型地贫患儿,25名均全部于孕中期终止了妊娠。教育干预前两组受检者地贫知识知晓情况对比无统计学意义,干预后观察组对地贫知识知晓程度明显高于对照组,差异对比有意义(P<0.05)。结论推广落实地贫筛查适宜技术,形成良好的教育模式,使广大群众,特别是地贫患者了解其危害性及严重性,掌握地贫相关知识,杜绝重症地贫患儿的出生。
Objective:To explore the application and clinical effect of thalassemia screening and education mode in primary hospitals. Methods:From January 2017 to December 2017,8563 people of child-bearing age in our hospital were screened for thalassemia,and the corresponding health education model was implemented as an observation group. Compared with 8496 people of childbearing age who were not screened for thalassemia from January 2016 to December 2016,the group was set as control group.We mainly observed the birth rate and awareness rate of the knowledge of the poor in the two time period. Results:Among the 8560 subjects in the observation group,1023 were screened out MCV<80 f,accounted for 11.95% of the total,and 989 were screened out of red blood cell fragile<60%,accounted for 11.55% of the total.In the end,hemoglobin electrophoresis showed that there were 1005 in the poor patients(included 627 patients with alpha poverty and 378 in beta poor),and the incidence was11.74%.89 couples suffered from alpha poverty,and 35 couples suffered from poor beta,124 pairs of high risk couples.120 of them received prenatal diagnosis,and 25 children with severe poverty were diagnosed,and all 25 were all terminated in the middle of pregnancy. Before the intervention,the knowledge of the two groups was not statistically significant,and the degree of knowledge about the poor knowledge in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the difference was significant(P<0.05). Conclusion:To promote and implement the appropriate techniques for the screening of land poverty,to form a good educational model,to make the masses,especially the poor people,to understand their harmfulness and severity,to master the relevant knowledge of poverty and to eliminate the birth of children with severe poverty.
Objective:To explore the application and clinical effect of thalassemia screening and education mode in primary hospitals. Methods:From January 2017 to December 2017,8563 people of child-bearing age in our hospital were screened for thalassemia,and the corresponding health education model was implemented as an observation group. Compared with 8496 people of childbearing age who were not screened for thalassemia from January 2016 to December 2016,the group was set as control group.We mainly observed the birth rate and awareness rate of the knowledge of the poor in the two time period. Results:Among the 8560 subjects in the observation group,1023 were screened out MCV<80 f,accounted for 11.95% of the total,and 989 were screened out of red blood cell fragile<60%,accounted for 11.55% of the total.In the end,hemoglobin electrophoresis showed that there were 1005 in the poor patients(included 627 patients with alpha poverty and 378 in beta poor),and the incidence was11.74%.89 couples suffered from alpha poverty,and 35 couples suffered from poor beta,124 pairs of high risk couples.120 of them received prenatal diagnosis,and 25 children with severe poverty were diagnosed,and all 25 were all terminated in the middle of pregnancy. Before the intervention,the knowledge of the two groups was not statistically significant,and the degree of knowledge about the poor knowledge in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the difference was significant(P<0.05). Conclusion:To promote and implement the appropriate techniques for the screening of land poverty,to form a good educational model,to make the masses,especially the poor people,to understand their harmfulness and severity,to master the relevant knowledge of poverty and to eliminate the birth of children with severe poverty.
引文
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[9]Fucharoen G.,Yooyen K,Chaibunruang A,et al.A newly modified hemoglobin h inclusion test as a secondary screening forα0-thalassemia in southeast asian populations[J].Acta Haematologica,2014,132(1):10-14.
[10]Mirza A,Ghani A,Pal A,et al.Thalassemia and premarital screening:Potential for implementation of a screening program among young people in pakistan[J].Hemoglobin:International Journal for Hemoglobin Research,2013,37(1/6):160-170.
[2]陈爱华,陈垂海,陈求珠,等.三亚市儿童地中海贫血筛查及基因分析[J].临床儿科杂志,2015,33(8):726-729.
[3]夏超然,黄英,任兆瑞,等.受试者工作特征曲线分析在地中海贫血筛查中的应用价值[J].临床儿科杂志,2017,35(5):340-344.
[4]郭浩,杜丽,唐斌,等.脐血血红蛋白电泳在新生儿地中海贫血筛查中的应用[J].实用医学杂志,2014,30(12):1953-1955.
[5]肖贞.血红蛋白电泳在婴儿地中海贫血筛查中的应用价值和临床研究[J].中国实验诊断学,2017,21(6):964-967.
[6]陈卫东,周宇,王秋,等.缺铁性贫血对不同基因型α地中海贫血筛查的影响[J].中国实验诊断学,2016,20(6):898-902.
[7]韩媛媛,戴薇,刘兴梅,等.13738例孕妇的地中海贫血筛查及基因检测结果分析[J].中华医学遗传学杂志,2017,34(4):588-591.
[8]梁栋伟,李荣川,何健,等.MCV、MCH检测在地中海贫血筛查中的应用研究[J].国际检验医学杂志,2014,35(8):960-961.
[9]Fucharoen G.,Yooyen K,Chaibunruang A,et al.A newly modified hemoglobin h inclusion test as a secondary screening forα0-thalassemia in southeast asian populations[J].Acta Haematologica,2014,132(1):10-14.
[10]Mirza A,Ghani A,Pal A,et al.Thalassemia and premarital screening:Potential for implementation of a screening program among young people in pakistan[J].Hemoglobin:International Journal for Hemoglobin Research,2013,37(1/6):160-170.