湖南平江县仁里超大型伟晶岩型铌钽多金属矿床的发现及其意义
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摘要
湖南平江县仁里铌钽多金属矿床是湖南省核工业地质局311大队新发现的高品位超大型伟晶岩型稀有多金属矿床,经过多年的地质勘查,在幕阜山复式花岗岩体西南缘的仁里矿区查明伟晶岩脉140条,发现铌钽矿脉14条。对主要矿脉进行了地表槽探和深部钻探验证,具有北铌钽南锂的特征,铌钽矿体具规模大、矿体形态简单、连续性好,矿化较均匀,品位富、埋藏浅,矿石质量优及资源潜力大等特点。矿区估算(333+334)Ta2O5资源量10791 t,Nb2O5:14057 t,平均品位Ta2O5:0.036%,Nb2O5:0.047%,达到超大型规模。仁里超大型铌钽多金属矿床的发现,突破以往对大岩基难以形成和找到超大型伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床的既往认识,提出幕阜山矿集区定位于构造岩浆隆起带,仁里矿床大型层状构造与燕山期岩浆岩联合控矿、含铌钽矿伟晶岩脉形成于区域后造山构造环境的伸展构造体制的新认识,分析了区域上的找矿方向,丰富和发展了稀有金属成矿理论,为华南地区稀有金属矿产找矿实现了重大突破,使幕阜山地区有望成为我国一个新的重要铌钽等稀有金属资源基地。
The Renli deposit is a high-grade superlarge pegmatite-type Nb-Ta polymetallic deposit newly discovered by 311 Team of Hunan Nuclear Geological Bureau. Through many years of geological exploration, 14 Nb-Ta-mineralized pegmatite dikes among the 140 pegmatite dikes were identified in the Renli ore field that locates in the southwestern margin of the Mufushan granitic batholith. Surface trenching and deep drilling of main ore veins revealed that Nb-Ta and Li are mainly distributed in the northern and southern parts of the Renli ore district, respectively. Nb-Ta ore bodies have features of large scale, simple shape, good continuity, uniform mineralization, high grade, low embedded depth, high quality and great resource potential. The estimated resources(333+334) and average grades of Ta2 O5 and Nb2 O5 are 10791 tons, 0.036% and 14057 tons, 0.047%, respectively, reaching scale of a superlarge sized deposit. Superlarge pegmatite type rare metal deposit related to batholith is rare, and the discovery of the Renli deposit is a big breakthrough in ore exploration. Our geological survey showed that the Nb-Ta-bearing pegmatite dikes in the Mufushan rare metal ore-concentration area, which is located in the Mesozoic tectono-magmatic uplift belt, were formed in a post-orogenic extensional tectonic environment, and controlled by large layered structures and Yanshanian magmatism. The exploration achievements and new conclusions enrich and develop the metallogenic theory of rare metal deposits. This new discovery revealed that the Mufushan area has the potential to become a new and important rare metal resource base in China, and therefore, more attention should be paid to the potential of batholith related rare metal mineralization in South China.
The Renli deposit is a high-grade superlarge pegmatite-type Nb-Ta polymetallic deposit newly discovered by 311 Team of Hunan Nuclear Geological Bureau. Through many years of geological exploration, 14 Nb-Ta-mineralized pegmatite dikes among the 140 pegmatite dikes were identified in the Renli ore field that locates in the southwestern margin of the Mufushan granitic batholith. Surface trenching and deep drilling of main ore veins revealed that Nb-Ta and Li are mainly distributed in the northern and southern parts of the Renli ore district, respectively. Nb-Ta ore bodies have features of large scale, simple shape, good continuity, uniform mineralization, high grade, low embedded depth, high quality and great resource potential. The estimated resources(333+334) and average grades of Ta2 O5 and Nb2 O5 are 10791 tons, 0.036% and 14057 tons, 0.047%, respectively, reaching scale of a superlarge sized deposit. Superlarge pegmatite type rare metal deposit related to batholith is rare, and the discovery of the Renli deposit is a big breakthrough in ore exploration. Our geological survey showed that the Nb-Ta-bearing pegmatite dikes in the Mufushan rare metal ore-concentration area, which is located in the Mesozoic tectono-magmatic uplift belt, were formed in a post-orogenic extensional tectonic environment, and controlled by large layered structures and Yanshanian magmatism. The exploration achievements and new conclusions enrich and develop the metallogenic theory of rare metal deposits. This new discovery revealed that the Mufushan area has the potential to become a new and important rare metal resource base in China, and therefore, more attention should be paid to the potential of batholith related rare metal mineralization in South China.
引文
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王登红,邹天人,徐志刚,余金杰,付小方.2004.伟晶岩矿床示踪造山过程的研究进展.地球科学进展,19(4):614-620.
王瑞江,王登红,李建康,张德会,付小方.2015.稀有稀土稀散矿产资源及其开发利用.北京:地质出版社:53-73.
邢光福,卢清地,陈荣,张正义,聂童春,李龙明,黄家龙,林敏.2008.华南晚中生代构造体制转折结束时限研究兼与华北燕山地区对比.地质学报,82(4):451-463.
周芳春,刘翔,黄志飚,肖国强,谭黎明,包云河,陈虎,苏俊男,汪宣民,林跃,王箭,黄小强,邹猛秋,李旭明,陈阡然,张立平,张宗栋,李振红,雒小荣,胡小芳,张神洲.2017.湖南省平江县仁里矿区铌钽多金属矿普查阶段性成果报告.长沙:湖南省核工业地质局311大队:1?111.
Breaks F W and Moore J M.1992.The Ghost Lake Batholith,Superior Province of northwestern Ontario:A fertile,S-type,peraluminous granite-rare-element pegmatite system.Canadian Mineralogist,30:835-875.
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Windley B F,Kr?ner A,Guo J H,Qu G S,Li Y J and Zhang C.2002.Neoproterozoic to Paleozoic geology of the Altai Orogen,NW China:New zircon age data and tectonic evolution.The Journal of Geology,110:719-737.
陈毓川,王登红,徐志刚.2015.中国重要矿产和区域成矿规律.北京:地质出版社:329-344.
傅昭仁,李紫金,郑大瑜.1999.湘赣边区NNE向走滑造山带构造发展样式.地学前缘,6(4):263-273.
韩宝福.2008.中俄阿尔泰山中生代花岗岩与稀有金属矿床的初步对比分析.岩石学报,24(4):655-660.
湖北省地质调查院.2013.1∶50万通城县区幅区域地质调查报告.武汉:湖北省地质调查院:1?288.
湖南省地质调查院.2017.中国区域地质志湖南志.北京:地质出版社:579-622,913-1037.
李建康,王登红,张德会.2007.川西伟晶岩型矿床的形成机制及大陆动力学背景.北京:原子能出版社:1-154.
李建威,李先福,李紫金,傅昭仁.1999.走滑变形过程中的流体包裹体研究--以湘东地区为例.大地构造与成矿学,23(3):240-247.
李鹏,李建康,裴荣富,冷双梁,张旭,周芳春,李胜苗.2017.幕阜山复式花岗岩体多期次演化与白垩纪稀有金属成矿高峰:年代学依据.地球科学,42(10):1684-1696.
王登红,陈毓川,徐志刚,傅旭杰.2002.阿尔泰成矿省的成矿系列及成矿规律研究.北京:原子能出版社:1-492.
王登红,邹天人,徐志刚,余金杰,付小方.2004.伟晶岩矿床示踪造山过程的研究进展.地球科学进展,19(4):614-620.
王瑞江,王登红,李建康,张德会,付小方.2015.稀有稀土稀散矿产资源及其开发利用.北京:地质出版社:53-73.
邢光福,卢清地,陈荣,张正义,聂童春,李龙明,黄家龙,林敏.2008.华南晚中生代构造体制转折结束时限研究兼与华北燕山地区对比.地质学报,82(4):451-463.
周芳春,刘翔,黄志飚,肖国强,谭黎明,包云河,陈虎,苏俊男,汪宣民,林跃,王箭,黄小强,邹猛秋,李旭明,陈阡然,张立平,张宗栋,李振红,雒小荣,胡小芳,张神洲.2017.湖南省平江县仁里矿区铌钽多金属矿普查阶段性成果报告.长沙:湖南省核工业地质局311大队:1?111.
Breaks F W and Moore J M.1992.The Ghost Lake Batholith,Superior Province of northwestern Ontario:A fertile,S-type,peraluminous granite-rare-element pegmatite system.Canadian Mineralogist,30:835-875.
Morteani G,Preinfalk C and Horn A H.2000.Classification and mineralization potential of the pegmatites of the Eastern Brazilian Pegmatite Province.Mineralium Deposita,35(7):638-655.
Windley B F,Kr?ner A,Guo J H,Qu G S,Li Y J and Zhang C.2002.Neoproterozoic to Paleozoic geology of the Altai Orogen,NW China:New zircon age data and tectonic evolution.The Journal of Geology,110:719-737.